小学语文教学听说读写一体化训练刍议

小学语文开设的目的不仅是为了教会孩子们读书认字,更重要的是使孩子能够正确运用汉语言,具备一定的听说读写能力,在此基础上进行科学技术和思想道德的教育,对孩子进行培养。     

土地与语言：生态文学双重本体论

“生态”与“文学”的遇合,凸显出人的生态本质与语言本质,旨在构建以生命意识为主导的社会公共性话语。中国三十多年生态文学创作还存在着深层生态伦理矛盾、价值观混沌与审美性缺陷。这种情状尤需要立足中国的社会基础与历史复杂性,对生态文学作出本体论的澄明,使之在人类生存与文学创作上担负起引领性,成为真正的生命艺术。     

Land education: Indigenous,post-colonial,and decolonizing perspectives on place and environmental education research

This editorial introduces a special issue of Environmental Education Research titled ‘Land education: Indigenous, post-colonial, and decolonizing perspectives on place and environmental education research.’ The editorial begins with an overview of each of the nine articles in the issue and their contributions to land and environmental education, before outlining features of land education in more detail. ‘Key considerations’ of land education are discussed, including: Land and settler colonialism, Land and Indigenous cosmologies, Land and Indigenous agency and resistance, and The significance of naming. The editorial engages the question ‘Why land education?’ by drawing distinctions between land education and current forms of place-based education. It closes with a discussion of modes and methods of land education research.     

The Curious Case of Improving Foreign Language Listening Skills by Reading Rather than Listening: an Expertise Reversal Effect

The expertise reversal effect occurs when instruction that is effective for novice learners is ineffective or even counterproductive for more expert learners. Four experiments designed to explore the expertise reversal effect in the field of teaching and learning foreign language listening skills were conducted. Three instructional formats (read-only, listen-only, and read-and-listen) were designed to teach native Chinese students English (experiments 1–3) or French (experiment 4) listening skills. Experiment 1 found a significant interaction with no effect for learners with lower levels of listening expertise but a significant effect for learners with higher levels of listening expertise favoring the read-only approach. The results of experiment 2 replicated the counterintuitive findings of experiment 1. Experiment 3 testing less knowledgeable students than experiments 1 and 2 indicated that the read-and-listen condition was more effective for novice learners. Experiment 4 testing beginner-level learners of French as a foreign language obtained results consistent with those of experiment 3 in that lower expertise learners gained greater benefits from the read-and-listen than the read-only or listen-only teaching approaches. It is concluded that the read-and-listen approach benefitted novice learners but more expert learners could benefit more from the read-only approach.     

外语听觉认知及超认知策略

听力理解是一个运用陈述性知识和程序性知识的过程,不是被动接受声学信号或刺激,而是主动利用语音、句法、语义等信息去辨认声学刺激,并对声学信息进行过滤、重组、编码和信息整合储存。听力是一种技能。技能的获得经历认知、联想、自动化三个阶段。自动化就是技能的熟练,表现为速度与准确性达到很高的程度。由于听力理解过程中信息材料稍纵即逝的特点,学习者的语言技能需要达到自动化的程度。也正由于这个特点,学习者会产生时间上和理解上的心理压力。为了减轻这种压力,除了运用语言认知策略外,还需要运用超认知的策略。     

The Relationships among Language Self-Efficacy,Listening Strategy and Academic Achievements:A Case of Chinese Qinghai-Tibet Plateau EFL learners

The present study was carried out to analyze the effect of language self-efficacy and listening strategy on academic achievements in Chinese Qinghai-Tibet Plateau EFL learners.To achieve this goal,eighty-seven university students participated in the study and filled in language self-efficacy and listening strategy questionnaire.The result revealed that learners’language self-efficacy,listening strategy are positively correlated with academic achievements.Comparing the two factors influencing language learning,self-efficacy has higher prediction than listening strategies to academic achievements.Inner correlation exists in language self-efficacy and listening strategies.No gender exists.The study shed more light on the influence of self-efficacy and listening strategy on students’performance.     

二语听的认知途径及策略训练

听是人获取信息的主要认知方式,听是一种复杂的认知过程。听话人在听的过程中必然运用认知策略和元认知策略而获取足够多的言语信息和掌握说话人的话语意图,实现交际。第二语言学习中,听是四项言语技能中最为困难的一种。因此,对以听的认知途径作出理性的阐释和认知的分析,并探讨在二语听的教学中进行认知策略和元认知策略的训练,是提高二语学习者听的能力的一种尝试,从中可获得运用策略的听的认知规律。     

语言习得理论与大学英语听说教学

英语教学应以现代化的理论为指导,遵循语言学习的规律。将理论运用于教学,向传统的模式挑战,建立以学习者为中心的多元化教学模式,必将成为大学英语听说课的发展方向。     

媒介语缺失情境下对零起点日韩学生汉语听说能力的培养

针对当前国内存在的媒介语缺失状态下的对外汉语教学现象,文章选择了听说教学的角度,剖析了在媒介语缺失的课堂上对日韩零起点学生进行汉语听说教学的必要性、可行性和优越性,并结合教学实践给出了一些切实有效的教学策略.     

基于Web的听力教学语料库的设计与实现

随着网络环境下信息技术与英语教学课程整合的不断进展,传统的听力教学资源和教学模式不能适应日益变化的需求,基于Web的听力语料库正是解决该问题的主要途径。该研究在对基于Web的语料库的介绍基础上,设计并开发了一个用于大学英语听力教学的小型Web语料库,该语料库实现了对听力材料的检索、浏览、在线收听观看和更新等功能。     

Language Impairment in Less Skilled Comprehenders: The On-Line Processing of Anaphoric Pronouns in a Listening Situation

The purpose of this experiment, conducted with second-grade children (mean age: 7;8), was to examine the hypothesis that less skilled comprehenders in a reading situation suffer an impairment in spoken language comprehension and, more specifically, in the on-line processing of anaphoric pronouns. Skilled and less skilled comprehenders performed a cross-modal naming task investigating the effects of pronoun gender and pragmatic inference from the verb on the integration of two successive sentences. Results revealed different patterns of effects in the two groups. The skilled comprehenders integrated on-line sentences by relying on pronoun gender and verb meaning. Pronoun gender appeared to exert a dominant influence relative to verb bias. In the less skilled comprehenders, on-line integration was not systematic, being dependent on the meaning of the verb and the proximity of the referent. Complementary analyses revealed similar patterns of effects among less skilled comprehenders, whether they were good decoders or poor decoders. These results show that less skilled comprehenders are developmentally delayed compared with their skilled peers, and extend the language impairment hypothesis to cover discourse-level processes.     

听-看-说-读-写——作文训练应回归本原

中学作文教学是中学语文教学的难点之一,学生厌烦心理严重,教师也有“束手无策”之感,现有各种方法大都缺乏系统性、可操作性。虽然学生写作水平受自身知识技能和认识水平的制约,但我想更多的是与指导的失误有关。部分教师没有充分认识作文教学的特性,一味地强调技巧,而对学生而言,“巧妇难为无米之炊”,再高明的写作技巧都受制于材料、语言的匮乏。如此,形成恶性循环,造成越教越差,越学越差,是语文教师停下来反思的时候了!     

Language,Experience and Professional Learning (What Walter Benjamin Can Teach Us)

This essay raises questions about how language educators might construct and further develop their epistemology of practice in and through the situations in which they work from day to day. The occasion for this paper is our work as guest editors of a special issue of L-1: Educational Studies in Language and Literature, when we invited L1 teachers to reflect on the role that language plays in their professional learning, whether it be in the form of conversations with peers, reflective writing, or by other means. We begin this essay by locating our reflections within our current policy context, namely the standards-based reforms that have come to dominate educational thinking around the world, offering a brief critique of the values and attitudes embedded within them. We then outline a philosophical framework as an alternative to the world-view reflected by such reforms, focusing specifically on the work of Walter Benjamin. In the final sections, we review our work as guest editors of the special issue of L-1, reflecting on what we have learned from the papers we have assembled for this issue, and locating our learning within the philosophical framework that we have drawn from Benjamin. We argue that it is timely for language educators to articulate the assumptions that inhere within their work, in contradistinction to the common sense embedded in standards. Thus we might begin to reconceptualise the relation between language, experience and professional learning in opposition to the hegemony of standards.     

教师的“言说”与“倾听”:超越博弈 走向共生

教师的"言说"和"倾听"的关系历来复杂,呈钟摆式在两极摆动。从历史演进的角度考察,二者经历了"言说遮蔽倾听"和"倾听回归教学"两个阶段。从当今现实的角度考察,"只重言说"和"只重倾听"的做法非常普遍。教师的"言说"和"倾听"的博弈体现了教师对"言说"和"倾听"关系的不同理解以及在这种理解下的教学存在价值选择乃至因为选择而形成的教学方式与教学样态的不同。"言说"和"倾听"具有本源的一致性和统一性,倾听是言说的前提,为言说奠基;言说是倾听的生长和发展,为倾听升华。教师的"言说"和"倾听"要超越博弈,走向共生。     

原声电影在英语任务型听说教学中的辅助作用

英文原声电影作为一种特殊的电教媒体在英语任务型听说教学中起着辅助作用,它向学习者直观而生动地展现目的语语言的背景,为学习者创造真实的学习目的语语言的环境.它在英语任务型听说教学中被作为大学非英语专业听说教学的输入材料.文章分析了英语原声电影在任务型听说教学实践中的作用、选择标准及对教师的要求.     

英语听力课程教学模式与实践——基于“语言、功能、文化”三位一体教学模式

随着网络多媒体在英语听力教学中的应用和推广,传统教学模式中的问题已日益明显。借鉴＂语言、功能、文化＂三位一体的强化实践教学法,明确听力课程的教学目标、教学内容及教学方法;并在日常听力教学中进行实践,对结果进行分析研究,以便于提高学生的听力水平及综合能力,并对听力课程的改革作出探索。     

Oral Storytelling,Speaking and Listening and the Hegemony of Literacy: Non-Instrumental Language Use and Transactional Talk in the Primary Classroom

The oral re-telling of traditional tales, modelled by a storyteller and taught to children in school, can be understood as ‘non-instrumental’ practice in speaking and listening that emphasises oral language over the reading and writing of stories. While oral storytelling has significant benefits to children’s education and development, it is under-utilised within Primary Education in the UK. This interview and library-based study explores participant perceptions of oral storytelling and the barriers to the utilisation of such non-instrumental practice in school. In addition, observation of an oral storytelling initiative provides a research context through which such perceptions are understood. The findings suggest that speaking and listening is implicitly devalued as a result of the elevation of instrumental literacy-based practice in the primary curriculum. In addition, enquiry into the specific effects of engaging with orality as a precursor to literacy development is lacking. It is suggested that while New Literacy Studies has enhanced our understanding of the interrelationship between the written and spoken word, it is less helpful when considering language as a ‘continuum of spontaneity’. It is concluded that spoken language that is explicitly unattached to literacy-based outcomes should be strongly encouraged in school. In addition, it is important to understand on an empirical basis whether the attachment of a written outcome affects the way that spoken language practice is engaged with in the classroom.     

英国小学课堂生态交往·监控·倾听

英国小学在课堂教学方面极为关注学生和教师的观点和期望,师生关系、知识设计、观念导入、教与学的技巧、学习态度等都会通过课堂特有的呈现方式出现,并推动着教师所期望的课堂学习。英国小学课堂生态包括活动与交往、课堂监控、课堂倾听"技术"及其教学反思等。     

Correction to: A Multi-Perspective Reflection on How Indigenous Knowledge and Related Ideas Can Improve Science Education for Sustainability

Science & Education - A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11191-021-00194-2