日本旧制大学教授群体与校长互动关系略论

教授群体参与大学事务并与校长良性互动,是大学学术本位理念的体现,也是大学民主管理的象征.日本的大学,教授群体主要以教授会这种组织形式参与大学事务,并与校长展开互动.日本的教授群体随着近代大学的产生而形成,教授群体与校长之间的互动关系随着教授会自治传统的形成而确立,旧制大学教授群体与校长之间的互动以教授群体为主导.     

现代大学制度：理念、内涵及构建途径

大学自治、学术自由、学术本位、民主开放构成了现代大学制度重要的理念基础和价值取向。落实和扩大大学办学自主权,推进大学章程建设,完善大学内部领导体制,协调行政权力与学术权力的关系,加强民主管理,构建大学与社会的新型关系,是建设现代大学制度的基本着力点。     

英国伯明翰大学的治理及其特征—基于伯明翰大学章程的文本解读

通过解读伯明翰大学章程可以发现,作为一所国际知名大学．伯明翰大学的卓越源自科学的制度安排。从大学的使命来看,伯明翰大学办学定位严格以大学的组织属性为根据,其社团法人的法律地位赋予其充分的自治权;从大学的组织结构来看,伯明翰大学实施共同治理、学术自治及财务独立等;从教师管理来看,伯明翰大学重视以程序公正保障教师权益。这对于我国当前现代大学制度建设如何贯彻大学学术本位原则有一定的启示价值．     

基层学术组织自治——西方大学自治的实践与中国大学的一个现实命题

大学自治在西方发达国家主要是大学内部基层学术组织自治,权力重心集中在学院或讲座层面.在我国现有法制环境中,研究大学自治从外部自治转向内部自治具有积极的现实意义.我国在设计现代大学制度时,应着重考虑激活学院的办学自主性、能动性和积极性,使学院成为权力重心.基层学术组织自治符合按学科办大学的逻辑和我国教育法治精神,还可以提高大学运行效率.     

由冲突到协调:学术自治与科层制

大学组织作为一个松散联合的系统,具有不同于其它社会组织的知识品性与文化诉求等异质特征。科层制对权力、理性、行政权威与程序管理的强调与学术自治维护学者探究学问和忠于真理的追求形成冲突。大学学术自治理念下的科层制改造需要建立保障学术组织文化特性的现代大学制度,厘清大学组织中各类事务的性质,协调大学管理中的权力关系,与学习型组织搭建桥梁,注重人性化管理,将组织决策下沉,使组织分工柔性化。     

学术本位:现代大学制度的基本意涵

大学制度改革必须立足于大学的学术组织属性,符合学术本位的大学逻辑;现代大学制度即基于学术本位的大学制度体系;从普遍所指来看,现代大学制度是以大学内在的学术价值为本、以满足其外在的社会价值为辅的制度体系;从具体涵括而言,现代大学制度包含了普遍与本土元素、正式与非正式约束要素,而这俱以学术本位为基本原则.     

从美国学术性组织窥探其学术自治

学术自治是大学最悠久的传统之一,是大学理念的灵魂。学术性组织是学术自治的重要保障。美国高校发展到如今,在其内部形成校、院、系三级管理结构,在各个层级中都设置了相应的学术性组织。各个层级的学术性组织主要涉及相应层级的课程、教学、科研等方面的工作,对学术权的行使、学术自治的实现,具有重要贡献。     

论大学学术本位的基本内涵及其规定性

大学的学术本性决定了大学的组织逻辑是基于学术本位的。大学学术本位既是知识活动规律的内生性要求,也是大学作为学术机构的组织规则要求,它要求大学以实现学术价值作为根本价值导向,并建构起相应的理念、规则及制度体系,保障大学始终以追求知识进步为基本使命。但大学学术本位作为大学运行的自在法则,并不排斥一定的社会规范与合理的外来干预,也即符合学术本位根本要求的外在法则同样是大学有序运行的必备条件。     

试析欧洲现代大学自治制度及启示

随着社会变革和大学内在逻辑发展,欧洲大学自治制度发生了深刻变化,在组织自治、财政自治和学术自治方面都呈现出新的特点。借鉴欧洲经验,我国现代大学制度建设应不断增强大学组织自治、财政自治和学术自治,为我国＂后金融危机时期＂高等教育内涵建设和质量提升注入新的活力。     

大学章程起源与演进的考察

从制度经济学的视角看,宗教、大学和专门研究机构是文化演进中相继出现的知识整理制度.大学起源于欧洲中世纪的学生社团和教师社团,大学章程起源于最高宗教机构、世俗王权或代议机构颁发的特许状.对中世纪以来欧洲、美国的大学章程的考察表明,大学章程与行会组织的自我权利保护有关,同时也呈现中世纪以来宗教权力与世俗权力在宣示权力和寻求自己的专门人才培养中的冲突与妥协.从大学本身而言,演变中的大学章程的主要线索是组织的制度化和规范化、大学自治和学术本位的维护.     

卡思卡特城堡

It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,     

不同的吃喝玩乐

一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/     

漏洞百出的教育

Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?     

Western and Eastern culture differences in commercial field

The communication of people partially is the communication of cultures. Culture has a direct effect on international commercial activities in all aspects. Different conceptions about time, space, equality, law and the like, lead people to deal with things in different ways. So to know cultures of the counterpart is to facil-itate our enterprises so as to have a smooth and successful communication in commercial activity.     

只要努力,不要后悔

There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love.     

浅谈移民问题

Migration occurs behind a variety of reasons and has a great effect on the whole world. People may migrate in order to improve their economic situation, or in order to escape civil strife, persecution, and environmental disasters. The impact of migration is complex, bringing both benefits anddisadvantages. This paper briefly talks about the causes of migration, the allocation of benefits, and the ways in which individual countries and the international community deal with this important subject.     

风的曲线

Rosco and I wait for the fishermen to return.I sit at a wooden bench near the store at Mt.Baker Resort and watch the clouds change shape. Rosco has my belt around his neck and an eight foot tow chain hooked to a tree. Dogs must be on a leash. Ducks and rabbits are loose.     

团图为数的图中的闭团贯数

Given a graph G,a subgraph C is called a clique of G if C is a complete subgraph of G maximal under inclusion and |C|≥2. A clique-transversal set S of G is a set of vertices of G such that S meets all cliques of G. The clique-transversal number, denoted as TC (G), is the minimum cardinality of a clique-transversal set in G. The clique-graph of G, denoted as K (G), is the graph obtained by taking the cliques of G as vertices, and two vertices are adjacent if and only if the corresponding cliques in G have nonempty intersection. Let F be a class of graphs G such that F={G|K(G) is a tree}. In this paper the graphs in F having independent clique-transversal sets are shown and thus TC (G)/|G|≤1/2 for all G ∈ F.     

Sister Carrie, an Adherent of Desires

Sister Carrie is one of the most controversial characters in American literature.Thought as a "fallen woman" firstly,she was defined as a "new woman" by some critics later. However, by digging into the motivaton behind the whole process of Carrie's "success", the relationship between Carrie and her creator (the author), the social conditions of then American, it can be found that Carrie has never been free-standing on her thought and she has never found her real-sdf even after becoming a famous actress. In a society dominated by mass consumerism Carrie is only an adherent of her own desires. She also is a representative of all those country girls flooded into cities, a symbol and a sacrifice of the urbanization of America in a time countryside was overcome by cities.