Establishing an Early Warning System: Predicting Low Grades in College Students from Survey of Academic Orientations Scores

Counselors, faculty, and student personnel specialists are often unaware that college students are experiencing serious academic or adjustment difficulties until it is too late to rectify the problem. Most universities would benefit from an early warning system that detects at-risk students before performance or social problems jeopardize their college careers. This investigation demonstrated that scores from the Survey of Academic Orientations (SAO) were predictive of first-semester freshmen grades. Subsequent analysis showed that the SAO significantly improved the prediction of grade point averages, after taking the effects of Scholastic Assessment Test scores and high school percentage rank into consideration. The SAO gives educators a new early warning device, a way to identify those undergraduates most at risk of receiving poor grades. The next steps in the research process are to: (1) assess the relationship of SAO scores to other important academic indexes, such as retention and student stress, and (2) determine if furnishing counselors and other college personnel with SAO scores is of therapeutic value.     

大学生学业情绪与学习投入的关系:学业自我效能感的中介作用

为探讨大学生学业情绪与学习投入之间的关系,以及学业自我效能感在其中的中介作用,采用学习投入量表(UWES-S)、大学生学业情绪量表和学业自我效能感量表对1030名在校大学生进行问卷调查。结果发现:(1)大学生学习投入普遍处于中等水平;(2)学习投入与积极活动定向学业情绪、积极结果定向学业情绪、消极结果定向学业情绪以及学业自我效能感均呈显著正相关,与消极活动定向学业情绪呈显著负相关。(3)学业自我效能感在积极活动定向学业情绪、积极结果定向学业情绪、消极活动定向学业情绪与学习投入之间起部分中介作用,在消极结果定向学业情绪与学习投入之间不存在中介作用。     

Effects of a Learner-Centred Environment on the Academic Competence and Motivation of Students at Risk

This study examined the efficacy of a learner-centred environment in enhancing the academic achievements and motivation of high school students who are at risk of dropping out of school. Three groups of students at high academic risk were compared. The control group consisted of students who are exposed to a remedial academic program in a traditional school context, and the experimental groups consisted of students enrolled at schools that have implemented a structured academic program in a learner-centred environment. It is shown that a learner-centred environment yields significantly higher achievement scores and a somewhat higher internal motivational orientation. These results suggest that a structured academic program in a learner-centred environment could provide hope for students at academic risk and other students who are likely to be lost to the academic educational system.     

大学生自我效能感对学习价值观与学习投入关系的调节作用

探索大学生学习价值观和学习自我效能感驱动学习投入的内在机制,结果表明,大学生学习投入、学习自我效能感和学习价值观的整体情况良好;学习投入存在性别、是否独生子女和城乡差异,学习价值观存在年级和专业差异,学习自我效能感在各人口学变量上都不存在显著差异;学习价值观和学习自我效能感对学习投入有正向预测作用,学习自我效能感对学习价值观——学习投入的关系具有调节作用。大学生学习投入的提升需要同时从增强学习价值观和学习自我效能感入手。     

家庭第一代大学生的读研经历研究

本研究基于一所研究型大学2020届硕士毕业生的就学体验数据,全面比较了家庭第一代与非第一代大学生的硕士入学背景、过程与收获。结果发现：第一代大学生的硕士入学背景较非第一代大学生而言存在明显劣势;进入硕士教育阶段后,相对匮乏的家庭文化资本未给第一代大学生参与本土及本土国际化教育活动带来明显阻碍,但他们在海外学习等家庭资源驱动型活动上的参与度显著低于非第一代大学生。硕士毕业之际,两类学生的课程收获、科研收获、深造机会及工作-专业匹配度趋同,但家庭第一代大学生在全球胜任力和一线城市就业机会方面仍处于不利地位。     

Mask-making as identity project in a high school English class: a case study

This study reports on the composing process of one student, Peta (a pseudonym), as he reflects on a significant composition he produced during a unit on identity in a 12th‐grade English class in a U. S. high school. The unit was the first thematic exploration of the year for the students and was designed to help them think about themselves as readers, writers, and individuals. The teacher's goal was to have students' engagements with literary and artistic texts serve as vehicles for developing better understandings of themselves. The study demonstrates how students' engagement with more ‘traditional’ artefacts is essentially an example of multimodality and evidences why teachers and researchers should see such work as part of the long tradition of creativity within English. It also demonstrates how such an apparently ‘traditional’ artistic approach in fact covers the same territory as that of the digital revolution, that is that multimodal ‘tools’ engage all the cultural resources of students from their domestic, community and school settings, in contrast with much typical school activity that is perceived as pointless and tedious.     

小学生数学学习投入水平的测评与提升

数学学习投入是指学生在数学学习过程中,采取深度学习策略和元认知策略,积极参与课内外数学学业活动,与他人结成深度交往关系,并伴随着积极的情感体验的一种学习活动。以"认知投入—情感投入—行为投入"结构为数学学习投入的测量框架,采取已有的成熟量表调查武汉市两所小学四、五年级共424名小学生的数学学习投入状况,研究发现:小学生数学学习投入总体状况较好,但在各维度和指标上的发展水平不均衡;数学学习行为投入得分最高,认知投入得分最低;性别和年级上差异显著,男生的数学学习投入度高于女生;家庭、学校、班级、教师、同伴等社会性因素影响小学生的数学学习投入水平。为此,学校、家长、教师应协作支持学生的数学学习,认识学习投入各维度和指标的重要性,消弭男女生数学学习的性别偏见、性别定势和班级差异,判定和反思小学生目前数学学习投入的类别,弥补学习投入类别的短板。     

Cognitive-motivational variables of beginner university students in the first year of adaptation to the European Higher Education Area / Variables cognitivo-motivacionales del alumnado de nuevo ingreso en el primer año de adaptación al Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior

Abstract

Within the European Higher Education Area (EHEA) the student is the main protagonist of the learning process. This means that teachers must be aware of the cognitive-motivational aspects that influence their learning. This study analyses the academic goals, learning strategies and levels of academic engagement shown by university students in their first year of adaptation to the European Higher Education Area, as well as the relationship between these variables. The results indicate that most students are averagely oriented towards learning goals and highly oriented towards achievement goals, regularly use a wide variety of learning strategies, and show average levels of academic engagement. The correlations between some of these variables are positive and significant. Further research needs to be carried out to understand the role played by different variables in constructing quality autonomous learning processes, not only in relation to students, as in the case of this study, but also in relation to teachers, tasks, contexts, and academic institutions, as well as the different interactions between them.     

中学生学业成就对学习投入的影响:师生关系和自尊的链式中介作用

采用学习投入问卷、校园人际关系体验量表、自尊量表和学业成就问卷,随机抽取长沙市4所普通中学的1028名中学生进行调查,考察师生关系和自尊在学习成就和学习投入关系中的链式中介效应。结果表明:学业成就可以显著预测中学生的学习投入,师生关系和自尊在学业成就和学习投入之间起链式中介作用,学业成就会促进师生关系的和谐度,进而提升中学生的自尊水平,最终促进中学生的学习投入。为此,教师应特别注重与学业成就不良的学生形成和谐的师生关系,提高他们的自尊水平,从而提升他们的学习投入。     

成就目标定向对听障学生学习投入的影响机制研究

以456名3-9年级听障学生为被试,采用问卷调查法考察了听障学生学习投入现状以及学习投入与成就目标定向、学业自我效能感之间的关系.结果发现,绝大多数听障学生学习投入状况较好;学业自我效能感在成绩趋近目标和学习投入关系之间发挥完全中介作用,在掌握回避目标和学习投入关系之间发挥部分中介作用,在成绩回避目标和学习投入关系之间...     

本科院校教学质量改进路径研究

基于学生学业参与的视角,利用2008年北京市高等教育学生发展调查数据,采用多群组结构方程模型分析我国本科院校教学质量改进的路径。研究发现:(1)本科教学质量改进路径包括直接和间接两类路径。提升教学质量,不仅仅是直接改进课程与教学方式,而且这类投入能够有效激励学生学业参与,从而间接提升教学质量。(2)在以学生学业参与为中介的间接改进路径中,程序性学业参与发挥主要中介作用。(3)相对其他层次院校,一般应用型大学采取以学生学业参与为中介的间接改进路径更有利于提升教学质量。     

Learning in an Honors Program

Abstract. This article describes a program of demanding courses offered in an academic community to nontraditional and at-risk, first- and second-year students at a research university. The delivery of instruction uses multiple pedagogies, including collaborative learning and labs where students work together under the guidance of undergraduate assistants. A research study showed that students in the program perform better than traditional students in equivalent courses. In addition, this study provides strong evidence that when students of the program take the same subsequent classes offered to the general university population, their success rates match or exceed those of their traditional classmates.     

Reaching Graduate Students at Risk for Suicidal Behavior Through the Interactive Screening Program

Suicidal behavior is a significant concern among graduate students. Because many suicidal graduate students do not access mental health services, programs to connect them to resources are essential. This article describes the Interactive Screening Program (ISP), an anonymous, Web-based tool for screening and engaging at-risk graduate school students. We include qualitative responses from participating graduate students providing information on their symptoms or circumstances, desire for treatment, and gratitude for services. Concluding remarks highlight ISP's benefits for graduate students and ways to implement this protocol for other graduate student populations.     

Organized Non-Activity: A Proposed Solution to Some Common Classroom Problems

The authors recommend practical techniques and resources for teaching at-risk secondary students, who are often nontraditional learners. The article describes tactual and kinesthetic instructional resources that research has shown are effective for typically performing and at-risk students who do not learn conventionally.