电视的分众依然是大众--兼论电视与广播、电影的关系

在广播和电影发展史上,一个非常有意思的现象是,当广播变成有像的时候,电影正从无声走向有声。当代这两大传播媒介的历史在这时会合了——有声电影的尝试是从1927年以后开始的,与此同时,原本只能传送声音的广播正在进行传送图像的实验。电影理论家巴赞有一个“完整电影”的术语,简单地说就是声画都有的电影。电影从不完整到完整,相当于广播从有声到声像俱全——从广播里生出的电视即“完整广播”。     

2008年广播收听市场回顾

继2007年国家广电总局加大对传统媒体行业管制力度之后,广播的发展环境得到一定程度的改善,并呈现出复苏之良好态势.同时由于2008年出现的几次重大事件的影响,广播市场呈现出一系列"2008年的特点".综合央视-索福瑞和赛立信媒介公司的调查数据,不难发现,2008年中国广播继续保持较为强劲的发展势头.     

Different Periods of Post-Revolutionary Radio in Iran: Audience Evolution

Iranian society after the Islamic revolution in 1979 entered a new era. Almost all public domains and social institutions underwent drastic changes, and this caused many subsequent changes in the media in terms of both form and content. The number of radio stations increased and they are paying more attention to content quality in order to absorb new groups of people and to establish a more permanent position in Iranian society. The present study analyzes the changes to Iranian radio by dividing the post-revolution time into three periods, with a fourth period that has just started. It also deals with the challenges radio faces in the future in Iran.     

Learning to Listen: Developing the Canadian Radio Audience in the 1930s

This article explores the development of the early Canadian radio audience. Without a pattern to follow, the listeners found ways to listen that reflected the restrictions and possibilities of the new technology. Early listeners picked favorite programs, became club members, and were sports fans for the first time. The early listening experiences created the foundation for radio audiences and their listening patterns.     

美国广播电视市场上通货:受众调查

文章讨论美国受众调查方法和企业的历史 ,调查报告的基本概念、主要内容以及调查的商业用途 ,勾勒出美国受众调查产业的发展和现状。     

Tuning In to Radio: Promoting Audience Transference During Frequency Shifts

This investigation explores the interaction between radio listenership, station attributes, branding and promotional strategies, and their impact on total audience and target audience transference during frequency switching. A multistation, single market switch in frequencies serves as the focus of this case study analysis. Although the enhancement or deterioration of signal strength is a primary contributor, stations whose formats had the greatest competition within the market and who had highly accurate and accessible Web sites did the best job of product differentiation through station branding and were most effective in maintaining and, in some cases, increasing audience share.     

Revealing a Double Jeopardy Effect in Radio Station Audience Behavior

Scores of consumer behavior studies have confirmed what has been called a double jeopardy effect, whereby brands earning small market shares attract fewer customers but also experience less customer loyalty than more popular brands. This two-fold plight of the small brand has also been detected among consumers of media, such as newspapers and television programs. This study hypothesized a similar double jeopardy behavior among radio station audiences. Using ratings-based turnover ratio and exclusive cume as operationalizations for listener loyalty, an analysis of over 1,600 stations revealed that, despite radio's emphasis on niche marketing, a significant double jeopardy effect can still be found. Furthermore, station competition and program format were tested as intervening variables.     

以界面传播理念重新界定传受关系

互动界面是以互联网为代表的数字互动媒介区别于传统媒介的最大特点,以互动界面为依托展开的界面传播是网络媒介传播的特质。本文在探讨媒介界面的基础上,明确界定了界面传播的内涵,提出界面传播的核心在于构建新型的传受关系的观点。在媒介受众充分占有媒介终端设备、可以方便灵活地借助界面行使参与权和表达权的媒介环境下,媒介经营者应该以界面传播的理念来促进与受众之间的关系,即使那些还没有将核心业务转移到数字互动媒介上的媒体,也应该利用互动界面的传播机制,不断满足受众的需求,从而提高媒介的竞争力。     

基于受众理论的情报用户研究

论文通过对受众研究史上的几种经典理论的分析研究,了解受众的相关特征,同时指出图书情报机构作为传播情报信息的重要场所,情报用户同样也具有受众的特点。基于这些关联性,从受众的角度分析情报用户的情报行为,可以为用户提供更好的情报服务。     

现场观众:被欣赏的欣赏者

中国的电视谈话节目起步较晚,从最早的《东方直播室》(东方电视台,1993年)算起来不过七、八年的时间。有全国性影响的电视谈话节目《实话实说》的出现更是90年代中期以后的事情。由此之后,中国的电视谈话节目可谓方兴未艾。据统计,全国各电视台已有这类节目上百个。《实话实说》,《荧屏连着我和你》、《有话大家说》、《谈话》……这些平实的栏目名称凸显了电视谈话节目的主要特     

受众分层视角下的图书受众与图书出版研究

借用大众传播学中的受众分层方法,将以图书为媒介的受众划分为阅读趋零型、目标明确型和营销导向型,分别分析三种类型受众的特征,初步探讨图书出版针对三种类型受众的可行发展途径。研究表明：培养阅读趋零型受众的阅读习惯（兴趣）、保证目标明确型受众的图书资讯和购买渠道需求的双满足、综合运用好威信效应、晕轮效应和从众心理以引导营销导向型受众的图书购买决策,是建立在受众分层基础上的图书出版的可行发展路径。     

The Demise of Live Radio Entertainment in the Heartland: A Case Study

The use of live entertainers is well-documented on radio networks, but not for local stations in rural America. This study examines the period of decline in the use of live entertainers starting in 1940 and the pinnacle of live performance on WDZ, an independent broadcaster in central Illinois that featured folk and hillbilly style entertainment. World War II, the FCC's tolerance for recordings, union struggles, and changing management emphasis from programming to sales were factors in the live performance decline. Management transitioned from emphasizing local interests to maximizing economic return with less expensive programming while relocating to a larger market.     

Virtuality and the Television Audience: The Case of Futurama

This essay examines the impact of Internet-based discourse on television audiences by examining the specific case of the recent program Futurama. Futurama has inspired the development of a vast and diverse virtual community dedicated to discussions of the program and the production of a variety of secondary discourses. .     

Illicit Transmissions: Engaging with the Study and Preservation of Pirate Radio

Unlicensed broadcasting has been a surprisingly consistent phenomenon throughout the history of radio in the United States. This article sketches this history and the factors which have allowed pirate radio to flourish, and argues that radio scholars should engage more closely with the phenomenon in order to learn more about public aspirations regarding access to the airwaves. It is also incumbent on radio historians to preserve the legacy of stations that have risked persecution in order to manifest the “public airwaves” and “the public interest” as meaningful and tangible elements of radio history and contemporary practice.     

围绕大局 服务人民——记“中国之声”特别节目《爱心守望 风雪同行》

2008年1月18日以来,我国南方大部分地区遭受雨雪冰冻灾害,给当地人民群众生产、生活造成了严重影响.灾情发生后,中央人民广播电台迅速行动,从1月21日开始,打破既定节目编排,在覆盖全国的"中国之声"推出全天特别直播<爱心守望风雪同行>.全天直播持续到2月5日,先后有270多名编辑、记者、主持人、技术人员投到报道当中.从1月20日,尤其是1月29日以来,中央电台重点新闻节目<新闻和报纸摘要>、<全国新闻联播>以二分之一左右的时长报道抗灾救灾工作的最新进展.春节期间,这两档节目重点报道了胡锦涛总书记、温家宝总理奔赴南方灾区考察抢险抗灾,慰问灾区群众的情况;及时全面报道国家应急指挥中心、国家各部委各机构、各行业、各地的抢险救灾举措和行动;同时结合广播特点,组织设计了一系列录音报道,展现各地加班加点保证煤电油运,保障市场供应,社会稳定.<全球华语广播网>多次与地方广播电台并机播出,重点关注重灾区的抗灾救灾工作.<国防时空>从1月23日开设专栏<军徽闪耀风雪同行>,集中报道奋战在抗灾救灾一线的解放军武警官兵的事迹.     

数字化背景下我国学术期刊与受众关系研究

伴随信息技术的发展,学术期刊的数字化成为当下媒介研究热点话题之一.数字化虽然缩短了传播的时间、拓展了传播的空间,但降低了学术期刊和受众之间的黏性,改变了二者之间的关系,进而引起一系列矛盾性的后果:受众对学术期刊认知度下降、期刊与受众的主体性丧失、受众的信息需求也被误导等.面对这些问题,学术期刊应利用数字化平台作好自身品牌形象建设与宣传,而数字化平台则应通过技术改进为受众提供以学术文献为基础的拓展性信息服务,从而促进内容、技术与受众需求的融合性发展,实现三者的共赢.     

图书馆少儿阅读辅导浅探

论文分析少儿阅读的现状及存在问题,并针对性地提出了图书馆加强少儿阅读辅导的基本思路和若干方法。具体包括:以人为本,创设适宜的阅读情境;强化精品,满足多样的阅读需求;提升素养,当好高效的阅读指导员。     

少儿文献评价指标体系构建与实证研究——以广州少年儿童图书馆为例

以基于读者的少儿文献评价指标体系为依据,对广州少年儿童图书馆进行实证调查研究,提出少儿文献采访中应注意的问题及相关对策,为少儿文献采访提供依据及参考。     

受众主体性的嬗变:媒体变革对科学传播受众的影响

通过对媒体变革对科学传播受众影响的考查,本文认为:伴随媒体变革,科学传播实践中受众主体性的嬗变,是一种非线性的、螺旋式地不断发展和进步,是科学传播发展与进步的重要体现.     

Toward Ethical Cyberspace Audience Research: Strategies for Using the Internet for Television Audience Studies

This article examines the possibilities for qualitative audience study afforded by the Internet, carefully detailing both the benefits and dangers o f such research. In answer to methodological issues resulting from online communication with subjects, the essay calls for the application o f various feminist and anthropological methodological practices, and considers methodological dilemmas related to perceived privacy, natural data and lurking, informed consent procedures, balancing anonymity, and data accessibility. In the course o f outlining methodological considerations especially salient when finding audiences through Internet spaces, we reflect on our own dilemmas in designing studies that meet the ethical standards of feminist methodology.