霍姆斯小组与美国教师教育改革

自20世纪80年代起,霍姆斯小组在美国进行教师教育理论和实践的改革,倡导教学是一种专业的观点,提出研究生层次的教师教育计划,首次提议并建立专业发展学校,为教师提供实习和专业发展的场所,制定了教育学院的发展目标和任务。     

From Planning to Implementation: An Examination of Changes in the Research Design,Sample Size,and Precision of Group Randomized Trials Launched by the Institute of Education Sciences

Abstract

This article examines changes in the research design, sample size, and precision between the planning phase and implementation phase of group randomized trials (GRTs) funded by the Institute of Education Sciences. Thirty-eight GRTs funded between 2002 and 2006 were examined. Three studies revealed changes in the experimental design. Ten studies showed decreases in the total number of groups randomized, whereas 18 studies showed increases. In five cases, the decreases in the number of groups randomized were large enough to decrease the precision of the study. However, in the majority of the studies, the precision was relatively unchanged from planning phase to implementation phase. The consistency in the precision between the planning phase and implementation phase highlights the importance of planning adequately powered studies.     

Policy Changes in Brunei Teacher Education: Implications for the Selection of Trainee Teachers

To improve quality, teacher education programs in Brunei were recently eliminated at the undergraduate level and changed to master of teaching degree courses. Prospective teachers are required to obtain content-rich initial degrees prior to applying for teacher training. This study argues that the high entry qualification to teaching may, in itself, not guarantee teacher effectiveness. This study was to determine if those in teacher training were good candidates for long and effective teaching careers.     

导学群服务体系中师生关系的特殊性

在开放教育中发挥着重要作用的导学群服务体系中的师生关系,实质上是以网络、多媒体为中介的互助自主的导和学的关系。这种对传统教育师生关系的超越就构成了导学群中师生关系的特殊性。深入研究这种特殊性,对促进导学群服务体系更好地服务于开放教育有着重要意义。     

New Empirical Evidence for the Design of Group Randomized Trials in Education

Abstract

This article provides practical guidance for researchers who are designing studies that randomize groups to measure the impacts of educational interventions. The article (a) provides new empirical information about the values of parameters that influence the precision of impact estimates (intraclass correlations and R ² values) and includes outcomes other than standardized test scores and data with a three-level structure rather than a two-level structure, and (b) discusses the error (both generalizability and estimation error) that exists in estimates of key design parameters and the implications this error has for design decisions. Data for the paper come primarily from two studies: the Chicago Literacy Initiative: Making Better Early Readers Study (CLIMBERS) and the School Breakfast Pilot Project (SBPP). The analysis sample from CLIMBERS comprised 430 four-year-old children from 47 preschool classrooms in 23 Chicago public schools. The analysis sample from the SBPP study comprised 1,151 third graders from 233 classrooms in 111 schools from 6 school districts. Student achievement data from the Reading First Impact Study is also used to supplement the discussion.     

论大学科技园发展的集群效应

通过对国内外大学科技园形成与发展过程的回顾与反思认为,大学科技园的发展必须重视和形成集群效应,并就当前我国大学科技园发展中难以形成集群效应的问题提出相应的对策。     

导师组制在组训能力培养中的实践探索

组训考核是对军队任职教育院校学员综合素质的全面考核,本着出精品专题、强调个性化、鼓励创新性的原则,在组训培养中实施导师组制,本文对总师、导师和公共平台在导师组制的作用和具体实施方法给予详细阐述,突出集体指导、导师负责、网络互动的特点。     

美国教师教育发展的问题之争及其启示

美国教师教育的发展伴随着问题的争论,这些争论涉及到两大根本问题:在培养目标上,话题已经由多元文化教师转到反思性教师的培养上;在课程设置上,"学科教学知识"的理念开始逐步取代学科中心主义的基本主张.在美国教师教育研究的争论中,课程设置之争也是学科地位之争和学科利益之争;这种争论建立在理性对话的基础上;有了理性对话,教师教育的培养目标就能在理想与现实间寻求妥善的安置.     

国际视野中的合作伙伴教师教育:理念、模式与启示

大学与中小学建立合作伙伴关系是世界教师教育改革的重要策略,基于伙伴的教师教育强调职前教师培养、在职教师专业发展和学校改进。合作伙伴涉及到机构之间的合作和人员之间的合作,基本模式有PDS模式、咨询合作模式、结对合作模式和团队合作模式。影响合作伙伴效果的因素包括文化因素、组织因素、心理因素、情境因素、协作因素、制度因素等。基于合作伙伴的教师教育改革致力于大学与中小学的共同发展。     

教师职前教育存在的问题及对策研究

新课改对教师提出了新的能力要求,如丰厚的文化底蕴、良好的教育技术能力、心理学素养、教育研究能力以及合作能力。师范院校的毕业生因诸多能力缺失,难以适应新课改下的基础教育教学。究其原因,是由于师范学院课程体系偏重于以学科为中心,教学模式相对传统,教育实践机会较少。因此,师范教育需要构建新的课程体系,建立以学生为中心的教学模式,加大学生实践的力度和深度。     

读书会与学校读书会:对教师专业发展的意义

读书会起源于美国,在瑞典得到蓬勃发展,在我国台湾地区的学校读书会广泛用于治疗性活动以及教师专业发展领域。读书会与学校读书会在组织运作上对组织目标与规范、活动组织与规模、人员分工与经费、活动时间与地点都有相对特殊的要求。与传统教师进修或培训方式相比,学校读书会体现了非正规的终身教育及成人学习理论的特点,是促进教师专业发展的校本教师教育活动,有利于增强教师专业发展的自主性、自愿性与平等性。     

台湾师资培育制度革新:精致师资培育计划考生背景分析研究

本研究旨在对目前台湾师资培育制度划时代的革新:精致师资培育机制实验计划中,首届教师专业硕士学位学程一般类B组之考生背景变项进行分析。藉由分析考生性别、毕业学校性质、毕业时间、学历层级等因素,对于初试成绩的影响,以期了解此次重大师资培育实验计划中,报考者的背景及其影响状况,以提出未来进行初试考科设定之建议。     

论高职学院专职实践教学教师队伍的建设

高职学院的教学分理论教学和实践教学两部分,专任教师也相应分为理论教学教师和实践教学教师两部分.但目前实践教学教师队伍非常薄弱,已严重影响高职教学质量.要积极采取措施,建好一支专职的、高素质的实践教学教师队伍.     

The Power of the Test for Treatment Effects in Three-Level Cluster Randomized Designs

Abstract

Experiments that involve nested structures often assign entire groups (such as schools) to treatment conditions. Key aspects of the design of such experiments include knowledge of the intraclass correlation structure and the sample sizes necessary to achieve adequate power to detect the treatment effect. This study provides methods for computing power in three-level cluster randomized balanced designs (with two levels of nesting), where, for example, students are nested within classrooms and classrooms are nested within schools and schools are assigned to treatments. The power computations take into account nesting effects at the second (classroom) and at the third (school) level, sample size effects (e.g., number of schools, classrooms, and individuals), and covariate effects (e.g., pretreatment measures). The methods are applicable to quasi-experimental studies that examine group differences in an outcome.     

The Power of the Test for Treatment Effects in Three-Level Block Randomized Designs

Abstract

Experiments that involve nested structures may assign treatment conditions either to subgroups (such as classrooms) or individuals within subgroups (such as students). The design of such experiments requires knowledge of the intraclass correlation structure to compute the sample sizes necessary to achieve adequate power to detect the treatment effect. This study provides methods for computing power in three-level block randomized balanced designs (with two levels of nesting) where, for example, students are nested within classrooms and classrooms are nested within schools. The power computations take into account nesting effects at the second (classroom) and at the third (school) level, sample size effects (e.g., number of level-1, level-2, and level-3 units), and covariate effects (e.g., pretreatment measures). The methods are generalizable to quasi-experimental studies that examine group differences on an outcome.     

导学群在课程资源建设与应用中的作用

以课程为单元的教学资源建设与应用一直是试点项目的中心工作。山西电大导学群支持服务体系的创立,对于有效建设和合理整合教学资源,提高资源的应用效率发挥了重要的作用。     

“无缝衔接”的教师教育理念及其实现

不同阶段教师教育之间保持良好的衔接是促进教师学习者实现持续发展的重要保证。现有教师教育衔接以机构整合、指导延伸和课程衔接为主,都存在一定的局限性或不足。无缝衔接的教师教育理念主张以教学为衔接点,以学习者的主动反思和知识建构为衔接机制,促进学习者原有知识、经验与新知识的衔接。     

哈佛大学教师教育课程设置理念及其对我国教师教育的启示

哈佛大学教师教育课程分为教育博士学位课程、教育硕士学位课程、高级研究证书课程、非学位课程、专门课程5个部分,其课程设置背后有着深层次的教育理念,这些理念对我国的教师教育有许多珍贵启示。     

Teacher efficacy of pre-service teachers in Taiwan: The influence of classroom teaching and group discussions

The greatest benefit of teacher preparation programs is field-related training where pre-service teachers contextualize the learned knowledge and theories with tasks and students during training. This preliminary study is based on the collaboration between a teacher training program and an elementary school to investigate the effect that exposure to various sources of teacher efficacy has on pre-service teachers in Taiwan. The results of this study show some influences of classroom experience and group discussions on the teaching efficacy of this group of pre-service teachers. Pre-service teachers demonstrated a higher level of PTE after the classroom experience and group discussions.     

哈佛大学教师教育课程设置理念及其对我国教师教育的启示

哈佛大学教师教育课程分为教育博士学位课程、教育硕士学位课程、高级研究证书课程、非学位课程、专门课程5个部分,其课程设置背后有着深层次的教育理念,这些理念对我国的教师教育有许多珍贵启示.