数学教师专业化新课程实施的必然要求

数学教师专业化的标准主要包括数学教师的素质结构与成长环境两个方面,而数学新课程从这两个方面都对数学教师专业化发展提出了严峻的挑战,首先,新课程实施要求数学教师具备良好的数学专业基础、教育教学观念和数学教学能力等素质结构;其次,新课程实施又迫切需要相关部门在教师职前教育、教师在职培训,教育教学研究以及教师聘任机制等方面为数学教师建立专业化成长环境。     

小学数学教师专业化发展现状的调查研究——以湖南省长沙市部分小学为例

教师专业化是与新教师的培养、在职教师的培训和教师的专业成长密切相连的话题,更是关系到基础教育改革及新课程的实施是否成功的关键问题.对湖南省长沙市部分小学数学教师专业化发展的现状进行调查和分析,发现小学数学教师专业化发展存在诸多问题.因此,需要转变教育观念,提高小学数学教师对专业化发展的认识;立足校本教研,建立小学数学教师专业化发展的良好平台;建立发展性教师评价体系,促进小学数学教师的专业化发展.     

Teachers' and students' views and attitudes towards a new mathematics curriculum: A case study

The education system in Portugal is in the midst of a period of intensive reform. This paper describes the findings of a qualitative case study focusing on the views and attitudes of teachers and students participating in a pilot curriculum development programme stressing active methodologies and group work, conducted by the Ministry of Education. In particular it discusses their views and attitudes about mathematics, mathematics teaching and curriculum innovation. The teachers were found to struggle with a contradiction: whilst they approved the new orientations, which were seen as adequate and innovative, they complained strongly about the design and implementation of the programme — Students had a generally positive attitude towards mathematics, although there were differences among them. The 7th graders were satisfied with their mathematics classes and with the new curriculum. The 10th graders did not consider the changes as significant in themselves, but expressed concern for their academic progress.     

CLASSROOM EXPERIENCES WITH NEW CURRICULUM MATERIALS DURING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PERFORMANCE STANDARDS IN MATHEMATICS: A CASE STUDY OF TEACHERS COPING WITH CHANGE

A qualitative case study was conducted to investigate the classroom experiences of three sixth-grade teachers and their mathematics coach as they worked with new instructional materials during the implementation of a new state-mandated curriculum based on performance standards in mathematics. Teachers' collective participation in the exploration of the new standards, selection of materials, participation in a summer professional development workshop specifically tied to the use of the new materials, and the creation of an in-school professional development program were catalysts in the teachers' perception of the need to change their practice. The intended state-level standards were implemented with some success; however, despite their desire to change their practice and in contrast to their belief that considerable change had occurred, the data suggest that the change in the teachers' instructional practice was minimal.     

An Evolution of Mathematical Beliefs: A Case Study of Three Pre-K Teachers

This case study involved examination of the evolution of mathematical beliefs of three prekindergarten teachers. The researcher followed three teachers at one school in west Alabama over the course of 6 months as they implemented a new mathematics curriculum in their pre-K classrooms. Interviews were conducted prior to implementation and at the end of the school year. Classroom observations were done throughout the implementation process. Three themes emerged from the data (a) math resources for the pre-K classroom, (b) pushing beyond—thinking mathematically, and (c) instructional strategies used the pre-K classroom. These themes revealed how all of the teachers' perceptions of early childhood mathematics curriculum and instruction evolved during the course of the study. These findings have implications for early childhood teacher education programs and professional development.     

深化课程改革的三个新生长点——广东教育学会课程与教学论专业委员会第三届学术年会综述

在2011年11月召开的广东教育学会课程与教学论专业委员会第三届学术年会上,与会者围绕"新世纪基础教育课程与教学改革的回顾与展望"这一主题,对当前课程改革的新生长点,如"推进校本课程开发"、"创新科目课堂教学"和"提升教师专业发展"等并形成了较为一致的看法。推进校本课程开发主要表现为服务学生和学校的新理念、资源整合的新策略、凸显施行的新主题和科目整合式微型课程开发的新路向;创新科目课堂教学深化和聚焦到"语文""、数学"、"英语"等学校教育的核心科目上,从而引领人们超越一般性的教学改革论说,进入活生生的各个科目课堂教学的有效性建构层面;提升教师专业发展主要体现为"优秀教师期待"的新观念,"互惠性院校协作"、"行动学习"、"文化建构"和"课堂问题研究"的新途径。     

小学语文教师专业发展状况调查及启示——以安徽省淮南市为例

以安徽省淮南市为例,对小学语文教师的专业发展状况进行调查。结果表明,小学语文教师专业发展的自主性不强、专业发展的内容不能适应新课程改革的要求、学校措施的深度不足等问题。从调查结果可得出一些启示：学校和教育主管部门应加强对小学语文教师专业发展的引导,尤其是新课程理念的引导;小学语文教师则应增强自主性,将专业发展纳入到自身人生发展的目标申。     

Mathematics in Secondary Psychiatric Schools: Curricular and Assessment Policies and Practices

The current study focuses on results from a national survey of special education mathematics teachers in secondary psychiatric schools. A total of 115 (33.04%) respondents completed a mail or online survey concerning school-level mathematics curriculum and assessment policies and practices. No statistically significant differences existed between respondent and nonrespondent schools on demographic variables. Results indicate a disconnect between the mathematics curriculum and state assessments. Approximately half teachers responded that their school relies on standard district or state curriculum, and the curriculum and instructional materials are aligned with assessments to a great extent. Only about 40% and 30%, respectively, reported that schools are supervised and teachers are provided professional development to facilitate the alignment of curriculum with state assessments to a great extent. Additional results and implications are discussed.     

A case study of graduate professional development in the TAFE sector

There has been very little provision of professional development for teachers of mathematics in the technical and further education (TAFE) sector and even less evaluation and reporting on such programs. This paper presents a model for a professional development program in mathematics that was designed for TAFE teachers, as well as those from the K-12 sector. It is a case study that describes the implementation of the model with a group of TAFE teachers, considering such issues as the professional development needs perceived by the teachers, the components included in the program, and the evidence for the short- and long-term effectiveness of the program. The flexible structure of the program and the qualitative research base for the evaluation could be used as a model for professional development in other TAFE curriculum areas.     

小学数学专家教师与普通教师的专业知识水平与表现的比较研究

通过对174名小学数学专家教师和307名小学数学普通教师的教师专业知识进行测查,研究者发现,总的来说,我国的小学数学教师在数学史、数学思想等方面的知识较差;小学数学教师的PCK总体水平较低,具体地说,教师缺乏“有关学习者”的知识,大部分小学数学教师缺乏探究的意识和解决开放性问题的能力;专家教师和普通教师在教师专业知识的几个大维度上有显著的差异。基于这个研究结果,研究者提出在小学数学教师培训课程中应该补充数学文化思想史方面的内容,鼓励教师参与学生数学学习方面的研究,提升教师的探究意识和问题解决能力,并形成优势互补、分层设计的教师培训课程模式。     

新课改背景下高中教师专业发展的培养途径与建议——以粤东四市高中教师为研究对象

在新课程改革的众多环节中,教师是课程改革的直接实施者和操作者,他们对新课改的适应状况直接关系到新课改的成败,而且教师自身的专业发展水平又影响着教师对新课改的适应状况。该研究通过问卷调查的方法,分析了广东省粤东地区四市高中教师对新课程改革的适应状况与教师专业发展的重要性。结果表明,粤东四市的高中教师总体上正处于＂适应困难＂与＂适应良好＂之间的过渡性反应阶段。因此,提高教师的专业发展素质,是进一步改善高中教师对新课改的适应状况,提高教学效果的有效途径。     

Mathematics learning difficulties in primary education: teachers’ professional knowledge and the use of commercially available learning packages

The present study builds on teachers’ professional knowledge about mathematics learning difficulties. Based on the input of 918 primary school teachers, an attempt is made to develop an overview of difficult curriculum topics in primary school mathematics. The research approach builds on new conceptions about the professional identity of teachers and earlier conceptions that point at the critical relevance of teachers’ pedagogical content knowledge. It is also found that the adoption of a specific commercially available learning package (CALP: manuals and exercise books used in the classroom) plays a mediating role.     

The Interfacing of Preservice and Inservice Experiences of Reform-Based Teaching: A Longitudinal Study

This article contrasts four elementary teachers who were graduates of a teacher education program that incorporated a reform-based mathematics methods course. The report provides results from a four-year longitudinal study that extended from the time that the participants were preservice teachers until the end of their second year of teaching. The article provides background information of each teacher, vignettes from her teaching, excerpts from interviews, and an analysis of each teacher's case. Results from the case studies indicate that two of the four teachers sustained their cognitively-based conceptions about mathematics teaching and learning, and implemented these conceptions into practice. The analysis suggests that there were several factors that influenced the teachers' conceptions and the choices they made in their teaching: personal commitment, professional strength, curriculum, planning, assessment, beliefs, knowledge, and support from school administration. The article concludes with implications for teaching and questions about the nature of what might be required in the beginning years of teaching if new teachers are expected to implement reform-based mathematics teaching practices. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Examining the invisible loop: Tutors in large scale teacher development programmes

Abstract

The recent curriculum changes in the South African education system have necessitated the development of large scale in-service training programmes for teachers. For some teacher training providers this has resulted in utilizing the services of tutors or facilitators from the various regions to deliver the programme. This article examines the role of the part-time tutors in one such programme (designed to upgrade and retrain Mathematical Literacy (ML) teachers in KwaZulu-Natal (KZN)). The purpose of this qualitative case study was to elicit the tutors' perceptions of the learning offer in the various modules and their reflections about the ways in which their participation in the programme enhanced their professional development. The sample comprised 10 out of a total of 25 tutors. Data was generated from the tutors' detailed reflections as documented in response to questions in an open form questionnaire. The participants reported on specific areas of growth in their professional development, including a deepening of their mathematics content knowledge and pedagogic content knowledge. They were also able to provide detailed recommendations for improving the learning offer. The article concludes by calling for increased involvement by tutors in the development and implementation of these large scale teacher development programmes.     

Empowering Classroom Teachers for the 21st Century: meeting the challenge of advancing children's mathematical development1

In this paper, the specific concerns for literacy and numeracy as we enter a new era are addressed through a discussion of an innovative mathematics early intervention programme, which the author and classroom teachers have developed and applied. ‘Mathematics Intervention ‘ is an innovative programme developed by three classroom teachers to identify, then assist, children in year 1 ‘at risk’ of not coping with the current mathematics curriculum. The programme incorporates assessment tools and learning activities based on recent research about children's early numerical learning. It develops the basic concepts of number upon which children build their understanding of mathematics. All three teachers participated in a professional development course, which developed skills that allow teachers to recognise which children have a problem, to identify the underlying problem and to provide appropriate activities to advance their mathematical development. The course highlights the benefits of clinical interviewing as an assessment tool and promotes various strategies that classroom teachers can use to assist the development of numerical concepts. ‘Mathematics Intervention’ is an example of a programme developed and implemented by classroom teachers using new learning processes designed to empower classroom teachers to meet the challenge of advancing all children's mathematical development.     

基于新课标背景下初等数论的教学探究

高师院校是培养中学数学教师的摇篮,培养的毕业生就应该具备中学数学教师的基本素质和新课标的基本理念。基于新课标的基本理念和高师数学本科专业的培养目标,通过教学实践,本文从五个方面对初等数论进行一些教学探究。     

数学教材教法课程改革的探索与实践

新世纪数学教育要求数学教师具有崭新的数学观,掌握现代的教学技能,而调查表明师范类学生现有的思想观念与知识结构与此要求有较大差距,因此,数学教材教法课程改革的思路应该是：加强理论性,突出实用性,增加学生的参与性和研究性,以提高学生的专业素质。     

新课程改革中教师专业适应与发展之问题、对策研究——基于洛阳市的个案研究

中小学教师的专业发展是当今教育界普遍关注的热点问题。特别是新课程的改革和实施，对教师专业发展是一次新的机遇与挑战，本研究对洛阳市新课程改革实验区和非实验区中小学教师的专业化发展现状进行了调查分析。调查发现：中小学教师普遍接纳新课程改革，形成了业已稳定的新教育教学理念，业务能力普遍提高，但角色、地位转变困难，教研能力提高慢等。只有从社会及国家政策方面、学校方面、教师个人诸方面全方位改革，才能促进教师专业化发展和基础教育课程改革的进一步实施。     

数字时代中的数学教材研究与开发及使用——第三届国际数学教材研究和发展会议综述

数学教材往往是数学课程发展、研究过程及整个数学教育史中最为可靠和重要的历史见证,对于"定义"作为学校科目的数学、为学生创设学习机会、为教师提供工作及专业发展上的支持,数学教材都发挥着举足轻重的作用。数学教材中的内容、开发及其使用已然成为数学教育研究的重要主题之一。通过对第三届国际数学教材研究和发展会议(ICMT3)的大会报告及主题研讨的介绍,对数字时代下的数学教材在设计、内容、使用及评价等提出新的思考,也进一步揭示出对理解教材在数学的教与学的作用存在更大更高的需求。     

基础教育课程改革对教师素质的新要求

基础教育课程改革对广大教师来说是一次严峻的挑战,同时也是一次难得的发展机遇。人才的需要,社会的发展,教师专业化的提出,特别是基础教育课程改革对教师的素质都提出了新的要求。本文从教师所应具备的网络型的知识结构,以及课程资源开发与利用的能力、时间管理的能力、教学反思能力、教育科学研究等专业能力两方面阐述对教师素质的新要求。这样的知识结构与专业能力有助于教师抓住机遇,应对挑战,不断地充实自我,发展自我。