社会标注在卫生社交网络中的应用

随着Web2．0技术的发展,社会标注作为网络资源组织的重要方式,已经广泛应用于各种类型的网站。通过深入研究社会标注在卫生社交网络中的应用和存在的不足,提出了建立社会化登陆模式、构建标签库、建立标签自动分类系统、实现个性化推荐机制、进行标签语义分析、设置用户权限等促进卫生社交网络朝着更好方向发展的建议。     

Reference librarians' perceptions of the issues they face as academic health information professionals.

Background: Leaders in the profession encourage academic health sciences librarians to assume new roles as part of the growth process for remaining vital professionals. Have librarians embraced these new roles?Objectives: This research sought to examine from the reference librarians'' viewpoints how their roles have changed over the past ten years and what the challenges these changes present as viewed by both the librarians and library directors.Method: A series of eight focus groups was conducted with reference librarians from private and public academic health sciences libraries. Directors of these libraries were interviewed separately.Results: Reference librarians'' activities have largely confirmed the role changes anticipated by their leaders. They are teaching more, engaging in outreach through liaison initiatives, and designing Web pages, in addition to providing traditional reference duties. Librarians offer insights into unanticipated issues encountered in each of these areas and offer some creative solutions. Directors discuss the issues from their unique perspective.Conclusion: Librarians have identified areas for focusing efforts in lifelong learning. Adult learning theory, specialized databases and resources needed by researchers, ever-evolving technology, and promotion and evaluation of the library are areas needing attention. Implications for library education and continuing professional development are presented.     

Medical librarians' knowledge and practices in locating clinical trials for systematic reviews

Objective:In regard to locating clinical trials for a systematic review, limited information is available about how librarians locate clinical trials in biomedical databases, including (1) how much information researchers provide librarians to assist with the development of a comprehensive search strategy, (2) which tools librarians turn to for information about study design methodology, and (3) librarians'' confidence levels in their knowledge of study design methodology. A survey was developed to explore these aspects of how a medical librarian locates clinical trials when facilitating systematic reviews for researchers.Methods:In this cross-sectional study, a 21-question survey was sent to medical librarians via several email listservs during April 2020. Respondents were limited to librarians who make the decisions on search terms for systematic reviews.Results:Responses (n=120) indicated that librarians were often asked to search for various types of clinical trials. However, there was not a consistent method for creating search strategies that locate diverse types of clinical trials. Multiple methods were used for search strategy development, with hedges being the most popular method. In general, these librarians considered themselves to be confident in locating trials. Different resources were used to inform study types, including textbooks, articles, library guides and websites.Discussion:Medical librarians indicated that while they felt confident in their searching skills, they did not have a definitive source of information about the various types of clinical trials, and their responses demonstrated a clear need and desire for more information on study design methodology.     

Making professional development more social: A systematic review of librarians' professional development through social media

To maintain relevancy with the ever-increasing competencies required of them, librarians on the job have frequently turned to professional development (PD) opportunities. One outlet that could potentially address barriers librarians face when accessing PD is social media, which can help librarians communicate across distances, are used at low to no cost, and can be accessed asynchronously as needed. Drawing from 25 studies conducted in 21 countries, this systematic literature review explored the empirical themes evident in the current research on librarians' adoption of social media for PD purposes. This review found (1) there is considerable potential in adopting social media for PD across contexts; (2) studies focused on the affordances provided by social media in areas where there is limited infrastructure, support, and resources for PD; (3) in congruence with prior research pertaining to the Technology Acceptance Model, librarians who felt more tech-savvy were more likely to adopt social media for PD; and (4) social media was viewed as democratic in creating a platform where diverse voices could participate. The paper concludes with a discussion of the implications for practitioners and recommendations for future research directions.     

社会化标注系统的检索功能及其效果评价

标签是类似于关键词的标注语言,与主题词相比,标签属非受控词,允许用户任意进行标注,对信息资源组织有一定的作用。社会标注,即由网络用户为其所创建和关注的资源添加的标签,成为当前网络信息资源组织系统对资源进行组织和管理的重要方式之一。通过比较社会化标注系统的三大功能及其效果评价,提出了改进未来社会标注系统中信息检索功能的建议。     

The cocial construction of mobile telephony: an application of the social influence model to perceptions and uses of mobile phones within personal communication networks

The purpose of this study was to test the argument that perceptions and uses of mobile phones are socially constructed in close personal networks. The study hypothesized that, through collective sense making, perceptions and uses of mobile phones would be more similar within 45 personal communication networks than for the entire sample of 194 individuals. Findings from a self-report survey reveal that several factors were significantly more similar within the networks than for individuals throughout the sample, including perceptions of the handset as a means of display, use for safety and security, attitudes about use in public, microcoordination, hypercoordination, and comfort with technology. Interviews were conducted to explore how perceptions and uses were shaped through relationships and interactions situated in social context. The interview data illuminate how social interaction contributed to perceptions and uses in four key areas: mobile phone adoption, attitudes about products and services, perceptions of non-normative use, and collective use. Results of the study serve as evidence supporting the argument that perceptions and uses of communication technologies are, at least in part, constructed socially among close personal contacts. This study demonstrates why it is important for researchers to consider social contacts and social contexts when examining the implications of communication technologies.     

Reexamining the benefits of librarians' professional writing

While academic librarians are dedicated to continuing education in the form of information consumption, they rarely view writing for publication as a way to improve job performance. This article introduces the basic tenets of the Writing to Learn movement and applies them to librarians' writing for publication to provide an argument as to why more librarians should contribute to the scholarly literature. If the primary benefit of publication becomes what librarians and their institutions gain through the writing process, more librarians and their supervisors should be able to justify the time and effort spent on writing.     

Applying user analytics to uses and effects of social media in China

ABSTRACT

We introduce what user analytics can do in the first half of the paper and then illustrate how to do user analytics in the second half. In the current context, user analytics refers to a set of diverse communication research methods on uses and effects of social media. User analytics has evolved from TV ratings research to online user research. The history illustrates what data sources, measures, and analyses can be used for what types of research questions under user analytics. We discuss the similarities of and differences between user analytics and other methods of computational communication research (e.g. content mining and online experiments), and compare the strengths and weaknesses of user analytics with traditional quantitative methods (e.g. survey). Finally, we present an application study of Chinese bloggers to demonstrate how to employ user analytics methods to study the production, consumption, and effects of user-generated content.     

高校图书馆员职业倦怠状况的成因分析

文章采用问卷调查的方法对420名高校图书馆员的职业倦怠状况进行了调查,结果表明：（1）高校图书馆员职业倦怠比较严重,但其个人成就感较高;（2）助理馆员、馆员与副研究馆员的职业倦怠程度最高;（3）科级干部玩世不恭和成就感低维度最为严重;（4）个人收入感觉较高人群,其个人成就感最低。并从职业因素、个人因素和管理因素等方面深入分析图书馆员职业倦怠的成因。     

E-research环境下图书馆员角色重定位及其技能研究

E-research环境下图书馆服务正发生着巨大的变化,而作为图书馆服务的践行者——图书馆员,在图书馆服务中所扮演的角色以及掌握的技能将同样发生重大转变.通过阐释E-research的内涵和特点,以及比较传统环境下与E-research环境下图书馆员的基本职能,对E-research环境下图书馆员的角色进行了重新定位,并总结出E-research环境下图书馆员所应具备的技能及其要求,希望以此为导引,塑造出全新面貌的图书馆员,为未来图书馆员的发展提供具体方向.     

Academic librarians' support of autistic college students: A quasi-experimental study

The role of academic libraries and librarians in support of autistic students has been studied on a limited basis with no confirmation on how to best convey knowledge of support services most effectively. A quasi-experimental research protocol with three academic library sites and related professional development treatments enabled comparison on the impact of online training alone, online coaching combined with coaching, and existing autism support programs. Academic librarians' knowledge and attitudes, along with measures of the library's physical environment were calculated pre and post training. Results showed that coaching, combined with online instruction, is the most effective professional development strategy for increasing knowledge of academic library patrons on the autism spectrum; librarians are enthusiastic to learn more about services taking place in other academic libraries, and small changes in the library environment can be impactful.     

Health sciences librarians' awareness and assessment of the Medical Library Association Code of Ethics for Health Sciences Librarianship: the results of a membership survey

Objective:

The Medical Library Association (MLA) Board of Directors and president charged an Ethical Awareness Task Force and recommended a survey to determine MLA members'' awareness of and opinions about the current Code of Ethics for Health Sciences Librarianship.

Methods:

The task force and MLA staff crafted a survey to determine: (1) awareness of the MLA code and its provisions, (2) use of the MLA code to resolve professional ethical issues, (3) consultation of other ethical codes or guides, (4) views regarding the relative importance of the eleven MLA code statements, (5) challenges experienced in following any MLA code provisions, and (6) ethical problems not clearly addressed by the code.

Results:

Over 500 members responded (similar to previous MLA surveys), and while most were aware of the code, over 30% could not remember when they had last read or thought about it, and nearly half had also referred to other codes or guidelines. The large majority thought that: (1) all code statements were equally important, (2) none were particularly difficult or challenging to follow, and (3) the code covered every ethical challenge encountered in their professional work.

Implications:

Comments provided by respondents who disagreed with the majority views suggest that the MLA code could usefully include a supplementary guide with practical advice on how to reason through a number of ethically challenging situations that are typically encountered by health sciences librarians.     

论馆员现代信息知识与网络服务技能

论述了图书馆步入网上电子文献信息服务新时期后,现代信息知识与网络化服务方式对图书馆员专业知识水平和业务能力的挑战;指出图书馆员在网络环境下应具备的业务技能及提高网络服务技能的途径。     

Exploring academic librarians' perception of OER through the lens of technology acceptance model

Academic librarians' professional skills make them an ideal candidate to work with faculty in the exploration, adoption, promotion, and preservation of open educational resources (OER). This study used the technology acceptance model (TAM) to explain and predict librarians' attitudes towards OER and their intentions towards utilization in instructional design practices and teaching pedagogies. A total of 213 academic librarians participated in the mixed-methods design study. The results reveal that perceived ease of use (PEOU), perceived usefulness (PU), and self-efficacy (SE) as it relates to OER accounted for 51 % of the variance in librarians' attitude (AT) towards OER. Moreover, librarians' AT and SE towards OER accounted for 55 % of the variance in their Intentions (IN) to leverage OER. These results support the use of TAM to support likelihood of users to utilize OER. Furthermore, participants' responses on open-ended questions reflected a variety of experiences and opinions, expressed concerns and challenges of promoting OER. In conclusion, in accordance with previous studies, state the necessity of librarians to possess the knowledge, skills, and appreciation of these resources to increase their likelihood of adoption. There is an undeniable need for continual education and support regarding the implementation of OER.     

Academic health sciences librarians' contributions to institutional animal care and use committees

The study gathered data about librarians'' membership in institutional animal care and use committees (IACUCs) and their professional activities supporting animal researchers. Libraries affiliated with medical schools that were members of the Association of American Medical Colleges were surveyed. A survey was distributed via library directors'' email discussion lists and direct email messages. Sixty surveys were completed: 35 (58%) reported that librarians performed database searches for researchers, and 22 (37%) reported that a librarian currently serves on the IACUC. The survey suggests that academic health sciences librarians provide valuable, yet underutilized, services to support animal research investigators.     

Innovation in academic libraries: An analysis of university librarians' perspectives

Through a series of structured interviews, university librarians at six institutions provided their perspectives on innovation in academic libraries. The literature on leadership styles and organizational change provides insight into the roles of these leaders in the innovation process. Leadership was cited by many researchers as being a critical factor for organizations to innovate. University librarians revealed a commitment to innovation, some distinctively nontraditional innovations, and a concern for how to encourage risk-taking behavior. Further insight into the innovation process was sought by interpreting the interview data within a larger theoretical context. Although leadership and management can foster innovation in a library, researchers have reported other factors that can influence the ability to innovate, including organizational aspects – size and complexity – and environmental factors. Beyond the organizational aspects, the individual and the norms of the profession appear to create a framework with certain boundaries, some of which may impact the ability to innovate.     

A study on the changes in librarians' perception before and after user privacy education

The focus of this study is to investigate the perception of librarians towards user privacy in libraries. This study measures the change in perception after providing education related to the privacy of library users. The change in perception regarding privacy issues in libraries in the past 5 years by comparing its results with those of a 2013 study was also examined. The results show that librarians' level of interest and awareness of the privacy of library users in 2019 is significantly higher than that of 2013; awareness of the danger in collection of user data increased significantly after education; and finally, after education, there was greater receptivity to the education courses and willingness to recommend them to their colleagues. In order to increase awareness of privacy violations and for greater protection of library user privacy libraries and professional associations must strive to provide standardized and regular privacy education for librarians and library staff.     

Health sciences librarians' attitudes toward the Academy of Health Information Professionals.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of the study was to ascertain health sciences librarians' attitudes toward the Academy of Health Information Professionals (AHIP). SAMPLE: Systematic sampling was used to select 210 names from the list of members of the Midwest Chapter of the Medical Library Association. METHODS: A questionnaire containing open- and closed-ended questions was used to collect the data. RESULTS: A total of 135 usable questionnaires were returned. Of the respondents, 34.8% are members of the academy and most are at the senior or distinguished member levels. The academy gives them a sense of professionalism and helps them to keep current with new trends. The majority of participants (65.2%) are not members of the academy. Among the various reasons proffered are that neither institutions nor employers require it and that there is no obvious benefit to belonging to the academy. CONCLUSIONS: More research needs to be done with a larger sample size to determine the attitudes of health sciences librarians, nationwide, toward the academy.     

The effects of electronic communication and the World Wide Web on US academic documents librarians' relationships

This article examines the impact of computer-mediated communication — specifically the use of e-mail and GOVDOC-L — and the use of and design of Web pages on academic documents librarians' professional relationships. Twenty-six semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted with academic documents librarians throughout the US to enhance and help clarify previous quantitative research data from a national survey conducted on the same topic by the author. Findings from the interviews suggest that computer-mediated communication is not only important for passing information, but also in terms of professional support and community building. Computer-mediated communication also appears to be reducing the use of some other modes of communication by documents librarians. In addition, the interviews provide anecdotal evidence that internal and external relationships have been modified or created anew because of work related to the World Wide Web (WWW). The article concludes with a discussion on the impact that the altering of professional relationships may have on the documents librarians' profession.