航空发动机虚拟展示课件设计与应用

通过设计、开发三维航空发动机虚拟展示课件,改变了传统教学实习方式、改善了实习条件、更新了实习内容。文章系统地介绍了利用Acrobat 3D与CATIA制作课件的方法和关键技术。该航空发动机虚拟展示课件已经在本科教学中得到应用,实践表明该课件有很好的实用性和创新性。     

航空发动机虚拟装配培训实验平台的构建与实现

针对航空发动机机型和发动机装配与修理课程实验教学,探讨了仿真实验实践教学模式,构建了基于Cortona3D航空发动机虚拟装配培训实验平台,提出了实验平台的整体设计思路,提供了一种即时、动态、交互的认知形式,该虚拟装配培训实验平台可以让教学的表现形式丰富多彩且具有实用性和可操作性,经过几届学生的试用取得了良好的教学效果。     

空客A320航空发动机虚拟仿真教学平台开发

为提升学员对V2500航空发动机及APU的整体认识,对航空发动机的点火系统、燃油系统、滑油系统等进行全面系统的学习,开发了空客A320航空发动机虚拟仿真教学平台。系统地介绍了航空发动机虚拟教学平台的设计原理和组成,阐述了其中的关键技术,并给出了虚拟教学平台的实现方案。平台主要采用图像处理软件Photoshop、三维软件Maya、Unity3D和VS2010综合开发工具,航空发动机三维模型采用.fbx格式,通过脚本语言C#实现对.fbx模型图形的控制。     

虚拟仿真在“航空发动机结构”实践教学中的应用

“航空发动机结构”是飞行器动力工程专业人才培养中的专业核心课程,针对教学过程中对于发动机各个结构件的装配和结构设计分析缺少直观认识的问题,总结分析了该课程在教学实践过程中存在的问题。提出建立先进的虚拟仿真涡扇发动机装配系统,虚拟仿真装配系统包括结构件的三维建模、发动机虚拟静态环境建立和人机交互式设计与开发等内容。在教学过程中采用虚拟仿真发动机装配系统,能够实现发动机装配结构教学内容的混合式教学,扩展创新式教学方法,拓宽学生的学习领域,提高沉浸式实验效果。     

体感交互技术在航空发动机虚拟装配实验中的应用

利用虚拟仿真平台3DVIA Studio,组合MAYA,3D MAX,CATIA,UG等软件,按照工程规范搭建了体感交互式航空发动机虚拟装配实验环境。建立了更符合人眼视觉规律的斜交视锥体摄像机模型,搭建了立体摄像机结构,并通过虚拟现实头盔参数的组合,设计出视觉交互模块,提供良好的沉浸式体验。此外,开发了Kinect体感设备、VR头盔陀螺仪及虚拟平台的数据传输模块,在可视化沉浸式虚拟环境中使用人的肢体语言对发动机进行虚拟装配实验。     

航空发动机点火激励器虚拟维修分析

通过虚拟仿真分析发动机的维修性可以为航空发动机的设计提供帮助，为发动机的维修性分析提供资源和改进方案。首先，以某型号航空发动机点火激励器拆卸的子任务为例，基于Unity3D并结合其他3D建模软件对维修人员的维修操作进行了虚拟仿真，通过评估分析得到维修性的数据；然后，依据统计学数据建立了适用于Unity3D的虚拟人模型，研究数字样机建模的技术，建立完整的虚拟样机模型；最后，综合考虑多个维修性指标的影响因素，应用基于熵权法的维修性评估模型进行了客观综合评估。     

面向汽车构造教学的虚拟拆装实训教学平台

针对传统的汽车零部件拆装实习的教学方法在拆装的便利性、效率、安全等方面存在的一些问题,开发一款面向汽车构造教学的虚拟拆装教学平台的解决方案。平台由软件与硬件两部分搭建,以汽车发动机为模型,在Unity3D中进行软件部分的开发,继而将软件部分与虚拟现实头戴设备等硬件部分进行交互连接,实现人机交互,将汽车零部件拆装过程虚拟化。平台基于虚拟现实技术,通过虚拟现实设备呈现发动机拆装的整个流程,极大优化了人机交互体验,实现了将理论知识的教学和实际拆装过程有机结合成一套完备的虚拟现实教学体系的设计初衷。该平台具备了扩展性强、后期使用成本低、使用灵活方便等优点,将虚拟现实技术真正引入到拆装实习中,对现行的拆装实习教学具有现实意义。     

加强管理知识培训提升班组长管理能力

中航工业燃气涡轮研究院,是以航空发动机动力技术预先研究、产品研制开发和整机鉴定试验为主业的航空科研事业单位,有一线试车、加工、装配、运行班组一百多个,涡轮院对班组建设非常重视,以班组长的名字命名了四个典型班组。为了有力推动班组建设,重视并加强对班组长的培训力度,近两年开展了“班组长管理技能提升班”培训活动,旨在使全院每位班组长掌握与运用现代企业管理知识,提升班组管理能力。     

机械系统模型制造全过程教学实践北大核心

针对国内高校在制造专业实践教学中存在的系统性不强、细节研究不足等问题,阐述了以实际机械系统为对象,完成汽车发动机活塞系统模型的设计、加工、测量、装配、测试的各个环节,再现了制造全过程的实践教学方法。实践中根据不同的设计要求,综合考虑工艺、精度、成本、效率等因素,采用先进的加工方法和设备,如超精密切削、电火花加工、3D打印等,最终实现系统功能运动,取得了良好的实践教学效果。学生们通过对细节的积极探讨,解决了实践中出现的意外问题,充分体现了"做中学"的实践教学特点。     

机械系统模型制造全过程教学实践

针对国内高校在制造专业实践教学中存在的系统性不强、细节研究不足等问题,阐述了以实际机械系统为对象,完成汽车发动机活塞系统模型的设计、加工、测量、装配、测试的各个环节,再现了制造全过程的实践教学方法。实践中根据不同的设计要求,综合考虑工艺、精度、成本、效率等因素,采用先进的加工方法和设备,如超精密切削、电火花加工、3D打印等,最终实现系统功能运动,取得了良好的实践教学效果。学生们通过对细节的积极探讨,解决了实践中出现的意外问题,充分体现了"做中学"的实践教学特点。     

Teaching bovine abdominal anatomy: Use of a haptic simulator

Traditional methods of teaching anatomy to undergraduate medical and veterinary students are being challenged and need to adapt to modern concerns and requirements. There is a move away from the use of cadavers to new technologies as a way of complementing the traditional approaches and addressing resource and ethical problems. Haptic (touch) technology, which allows the student to feel a 3D computer‐generated virtual environment, provides a novel way to address some of these challenges. To evaluate the practicalities and usefulness of a haptic simulator, first year veterinary students at the Royal Veterinary College, University of London, were taught basic bovine abdominal anatomy using a rectal palpation simulator: “The Haptic Cow.” Over two days, 186 students were taught in small groups and 184 provided feedback via a questionnaire. The results were positive; the majority of students considered that the simulator had been useful for appreciating both the feel and location of key internal anatomical structures, had helped with their understanding of bovine abdominal anatomy and 3D visualization, and the tutorial had been enjoyable. The students were mostly in favor of the small group tutorial format, but some requested more time on the simulator. The findings indicate that the haptic simulator is an engaging way of teaching bovine abdominal anatomy to a large number of students in an efficient manner without using cadavers, thereby addressing some of the current challenges in anatomy teaching. Anat Sci Educ 2: 280–285, 2009. © 2009 American Association of Anatomists     

三维设计软件在生物医学工程实践教学中的应用

为了满足生物医学工程专业实践课程教学需求,通过引入三维设计软件,创造性地开发医疗器械结构相关原理讲解、机构运动简图绘制、三维建模设计、虚拟样机装配、运动仿真、力学动力学分析等综合实验、课程设计实践教学项目,将医疗器械专业知识与计算机软件辅助设计相结合,构建生物医学工程专业虚实结合的新实践教学模式。实践探索表明,将三维软件应用于生物医学工程实践教学,改变了抽象的结构讲解方式,降低了学习难度,提高了学生学习兴趣和效率。     

机器人装配精度分析的虚拟示教仿真

In this paper, by teaching a 3D robot unit model and playing back to simulate the assembly process in a virtual assembly environment, errors in robot assembly are analyzed. The paper also presents a visualization method for analyzing accuracy of the robot assembly, and studies the influence of the spatial pose of a robot on the success rate of an axis-hole assembly, and accuracy of the robot teaching program in particular. Through integration of various errors and on the basis of assembly accuracy, tolerance of error sources can be reasonably distributed to meet the assembly accuracy requirement, therefore the planning of robot assembly unit can be improved.     

Computer Graphics in Simulating the Functioning of a Simple Computer

Computer graphics is widely used in several areas of science such as computer science education. The execution of hardware and software computer systems can be skillfully simulated using computer graphics. Such a simulation is very attractive in teaching at a university level. It is a way of visualization where students can see the unseen. In this article, the function of a simple computer is simulated. A simulator ASSEM is developed which is suitable as a teaching tool in computer system courses along with mnemonic and assembly language. The algorithm for implementing such a simulator is also presented.     

基手Pro／E的输油泵三维仿真及应用

输油泵为炼化企业流体输送与转运主要设备。基于Pro/Engineer建立了输油泵的整体和所有部件的三维立体模型,然后在3DS Max环境下制作其动态装配动画仿真及渲染输出,最后在Adobe Flash CS4中进行动画的剪辑和修饰;结合AutoCAD绘制二维图形库,并以在PowerPoint界面建立超级链接的形式进行图形调用。综合以上技术开发了一套输油泵计算机三维仿真系统,包含输油泵主要零部件的三维模型、部件装配、整体总装配以及设备运行过程的动态仿真等内容。通过对输油泵的组装过程动态仿真,较好地展示了输油泵整体及部件三维立体动态装配、各部件动态关系等,演示了输油泵的结构和组装过程。在输油泵运营管理和教学培训等实际应用方面都具有重要意义。     

The Effects of a Functional Three-dimensional (3D) Printed Knee Joint Simulator in Improving Anatomical Spatial Knowledge

In recent decades, three-dimensional (3D) printing as an emerging technology, has been utilized for imparting human anatomy knowledge. However, most 3D printed models are rigid anatomical replicas that are unable to represent dynamic spatial relationships between different anatomical structures. In this study, the data obtained from a computed tomography (CT) scan of a normal knee joint were used to design and fabricate a functional knee joint simulator for anatomical education. Utility of the 3D printed simulator was evaluated in comparison with traditional didactic learning in first-year medical students (n = 35), so as to understand how the functional 3D simulator could assist in their learning of human anatomy. The outcome measure was a quiz comprising 11 multiple choice questions based on locking and unlocking of the knee joint. Students in the simulation group (mean score = 85.03%, ±SD 10.13%) performed significantly better than those in the didactic learning group, P < 0.05 (mean score = 70.71%, ±SD 15.13%), which was substantiated by large effect size, as shown by a Cohen’s d value of 1.14. In terms of learning outcome, female students who used 3D printed simulators as learning aids achieved greater improvement in their quiz scores as compared to male students in the same group. However, after correcting for the modality of instruction, the sex of the students did not have a significant influence on the learning outcome. This randomized study has demonstrated that the 3D printed simulator is beneficial for anatomical education and can help in enriching students’ learning experience.     

基于C8051F的PLC实训模拟器的研发

介绍以SOC型单片机C8051F020为核心,LED单元板为显示单元的PLC实训模拟器的研发。通过硬件电路设计和汇编语言平台的软件设计,实现PLC实训模拟器的集成化、动态化和自动化。     

基于VR的火箭炮装填训练模拟器的设计

针对某型火箭炮实装训练噪声大、磨损大、消耗高等缺点,提出了基于VR的火箭炮装填训练模拟器的设计,文中简述了模拟器的设计原则、总体结构,重点展示了模拟器的硬件构成、软件设计及模拟训练功能的实现,经教学试用,该模拟器达到了设计的要求。     

基于三维CAD的机械制图"3D实体教学法"的研究

工程设计现在己发展到全数字阶段，能使设计、制造一体化过程得以实现的核心是三维实体模型，二维投影图己满足不了形势发展的需求。因此，基于三维CAD绘图技术，本介绍了《机械制图》“3D实体教学法”的新思想，阐述了其教学顺序、教学重点等教学设计内容与传统的运用正投影视图制图法截然不同的观点，它是直接从3D实体图形开始学习，而不是传统的从投影概念、2D投影视图开始学习，它是以3D实体造型而不是传统的以画法几何作为教学的基本核心。     

Effects of 3D Printing Project-based Learning on Preservice Elementary Teachers’ Science Attitudes,Science Content Knowledge,and Anxiety About Teaching Science

3D printing technology is a powerful educational tool that can promote integrative STEM education by connecting engineering, technology, and applications of science concepts. Yet, research on the integration of 3D printing technology in formal educational contexts is extremely limited. This study engaged preservice elementary teachers (N?=?42) in a 3D Printing Science Project that modeled a science experiment in the elementary classroom on why things float or sink using 3D printed boats. The goal was to explore how collaborative 3D printing inquiry-based learning experiences affected preservice teachers’ science teaching self-efficacy beliefs, anxiety toward teaching science, interest in science, perceived competence in K-3 technology and engineering science standards, and science content knowledge. The 3D printing project intervention significantly decreased participants’ science teaching anxiety and improved their science teaching efficacy, science interest, and perceived competence in K-3 technological and engineering design science standards. Moreover, an analysis of students’ project reflections and boat designs provided an insight into their collaborative 3D modeling design experiences. The study makes a contribution to the scarce body of knowledge on how teacher preparation programs can utilize 3D printing technology as a means of preparing prospective teachers to implement the recently adopted engineering and technology standards in K-12 science education.