不同距离跑血乳酸、心率的变化与运动成绩的关系研究

运动时体内代谢过程加快,代谢产物增加,内环境发生暂时的改变,从而使机体的一些指标和血液中的某些成分发生变化,例如:心率、血乳酸等。文章选择8名同学进行不同负荷跑,记录跑后即刻心率、血乳酸和运动成绩,了解不同负荷后的身体反应以及三者之间的关系。结果表明:大强度负荷后,不同项目中,血乳酸和心率并不呈同步变化趋势,心率指标的灵敏度较低,而血乳酸指标能够比较敏感地反应运动员承受不同负荷时身体机能的变化。     

男子轻量级赛艇运动员测功仪训练中心率和乳酸浓度相关性研究

以某省6名男子轻量级赛艇运动员为研究对象,分析递增负荷测功仪训练中队员心率和血乳酸浓度变化。结果表明：心率和血乳酸浓度都随功率递增而相伴升高,心率在个体乳酸阈前后一定范围内出现急剧增高。     

你了解乳酸吗？

运动中我们为什么会气喘吁吁？这是因为血液中的乳酸浓度升高,呼吸频率增加。呼吸频率和心率相关联,因此心率也会提高。那么,使我们气喘吁吁的乳酸是怎么产生的呢？人体摄入氧气后,燃烧体内的营养成分,产生出供身体运动使用的燃料。当体内氧气不足时,就不足以产生足够的燃料供身体运动。     

血液氧自由基、血乳酸、主观用力感觉、心率与运动强度相关性的研究

为探索抗氧化运动强度与监控指标的确定,采用CR2000RC氧自由基生化分析仪、LT 1710血乳酸测定仪、Borg(15、10)主观用力感觉等级量表、心率监测系统对受试者(n=9)从事300、600、900、1200、1500KPM/min不同强度踏车(Monark839E)运动(每级负荷运动5min)时血液氧自由基、血乳酸、主观用力感觉、心率的变化进行测定,并对其进行了相关性分析。结果表明:心率、RPE(15、10)与运动强度(KPM/min)之间呈现高度线性相关,r=0 959、0 923、0 918;血液氧自由基浓度与运动强度、心率、RPE之间的相关性较低,但其变化趋势类似于血乳酸的变化,低强度时(≤900KPM/min)虽运动强度增加但血液氧自由基浓度保持不变,当运动强度超过900KPM/min时,血液氧自由基浓度随运动强度增加而增加;RPE10与血乳酸之间的相关程度高于RPE15、心率、运动强度与血乳酸的相关程度。认为心率、RPE(15、10)可作为监控抗氧化运动强度的理想指标;血液氧自由基浓度不能作为运动强度的监控指标;从抗氧化运动角度而言,健身运动的强度应以血乳酸4mM、心率130beats/min、RPE15值11、RPE10值3左右为宜。     

对青年赛艇运动员的训练监控

任何人的心率过高、血乳酸堆积都会导致身体健康受到损害,尤其是是运动员更要注意。人体的心率、血乳酸在不同程度的运动中是会产生相应改变的。本文通过定量负荷、递增负荷、高强度负荷及间歇休息等方法进行赛艇训练,对青年赛艇运动员的心率、血乳酸变化和训练成绩进行分析,对增强血乳酸耐受力、提升心率的灵敏度,增强运动员的无氧代谢能力和提升训练成效具有重要意义。可以有效帮助教练在进行训练时可选择合理的训练方法,根据运动员不同的心率、血乳酸变化特征来安排科学合理的运动负荷,进而提高青年赛艇运动员的训练效果。     

运动后乳酸清除率与运动能力的关系

测定中跑运动员、足球运动员和常人在800m全力跑后的血乳酸浓度、乳酸清除率和心率恢复率，研究无氧运动能力与最高乳酸值、心率恢复率与乳酸清除率之间的关系。结果发现：运动员的无氧耐力成绩和运动后5min血乳酸值呈显著负相关；中跑运动员较足球运动员和常人有更强的产生乳酸能力和更高的乳酸清除率；心率的恢复速度较乳酸清除率更快。说明良好的产生乳酸能力是无氧耐力成绩的重要因素，良好的乳酸清除率有利于乳酸的清除和运动后的恢复，同时运动后的心率恢复率并不能反映体内乳酸的清除情况。     

生化指标在不同距离全速跑中的应用

目的:为进一步研究100m、400m和1500m三种不同全速跑后血乳酸和心率的变化,选取同一年级同一班共六名志愿者参与本实验。方法:分别记录六名受试者全速跑完100m、400m、1 500m运动前和运动后3min的血乳酸值和心率值。结果:两名受试者进行100m无氧运动后,血乳酸值和心率值均有所升高,但升高幅度较小,血乳酸值最高达7.6mmol/L,心率值最高达154b/min;四名受试者进行400m和1500m有氧运动后,血乳酸值和心率值升高幅度较大,血乳酸值最高达16.2mmol/L,心率值最高达192b/min。结论:人体内的血乳酸含量和心率大小随运动项目的负荷强度和运动持续时间的增加而增加,有氧运动前后血乳酸升高幅度明显高于无氧运动,而无氧运动前后心率升高幅度明显高于有氧运动。因此,可根据血乳酸值和心率值来评定人体运动的负荷强度。     

心率、血乳酸在赛艇科学化训练中的应用探讨

对赛艇训练中常用的训练手段进行血乳酸、心率的监测,发现在常用的训练手段中,心率、血乳酸浓度和运动负荷的强度大多有较好的对应关系.在训练实践中,心率可作为控制赛艇训练强度的有意义的参数.4mmol/L无氧阈功率训练不能达到乳酸状浓度的最高稳定态训练,无氧阈功率训练对提高运动员的有氧耐力能力的效果欠佳.     

不同位置男篮运动员血乳酸与心率的测定

通过对体育学院篮球专项学生比赛时血乳酸和心率的测定,发现运动员血乳酸值的增加具有显著的统计学意义,且不同位置的运动员血乳酸值并不相同,其比赛时能量供应的特征也不一样。     

不同运动强度游泳训练对心率变异性的影响

通过不同运动强度游泳训练,探索不同强度运动刺激即刻对反映人体自主神经系统的HRV指标的变化规律,研究结果表明,①在同一强度刺激下,被试训练前后HRV指标LF呈显著性下降,而HF在统计学上没有显著性改变;②在不同强度运动刺激之间,被试训练后即刻HRV指标HF呈显著性下降,而LF在统计学上没有显著性差异.研究提示,反映HRV变化的LF和HF能够较好地反映心脏功能的状态,从而对于运动训练的科学监控具有一定的参考价值.     

运动后恢复期心率对心功能的评价——台阶指数对不同年龄段人群心功能评价的局限性

以完成定量负荷后恢复期心率的变化进行心功能的评定,是目前广泛使用的台阶试验测试所遵循的依据。然而,评价心功能的3min台阶试验存在不能进行纵向年龄趋势分析的问题,使得国民体质监测中缺少了一项反映不同年龄人群心功能状况的重要信息。因此,着重分析了目前使用的3min台阶试验不能反映纵向年龄趋势的原因,通过对恢复期平均心率和恢复期心率变化(曲线)的分析,发现恢复期平均心率能够更好地反映心脏随年龄增长而下降的变化。在评价各年龄人群的心功能变化时,建议恢复期平均心率作为一个主要参数。     

省青少年比赛中篮球裁判员运动强度影响因素的研究

探讨比赛中篮球裁判员心率与年龄和体重等指标的关系;进一步比较不同级别篮球裁判员在比赛中生理指标的变化特征。对不同级别裁判员的赛中心率变化分析表明：在省青少年篮球比赛中,裁判级别对心率分布、最高心率和平均心率等指标无明显影响。相关分析表明篮球裁判员在省青少年比赛中的心率指标与年龄、体重以及级别之间无相关关系。     

不同高度台阶试验后心率反应、心率下降斜率与"非汉字符号"O_2max、12min跑、台阶指数关系的实验研究

以普通男性大学生和体育运动学校男性学生为研究对象 ,以 V O2 max为心血管功能指标 ,以 12 min跑为有氧耐力指标 ,用所测得的 3种不同高度的台阶试验后即刻心率、恢复期 0～2 10 s中不同时段心率恢复速度 (斜率 )与 V O2 max、12 min跑和台阶试验指数进行相关性研究。结果显示 :心率恢复速度 (斜率 )与 12 m in跑、台阶指数相关程度较高 ;即刻心率与 V O2 m ax、12min跑、台阶试验指数均有高度相关 (P<0 .0 1)。提示 :心率下降斜率 ,特别是中、高台阶试验后早期下降斜率能很好地反映有氧耐力 ;台阶试验后心率反应程度能较好地反映心血管功能和有氧耐力 ;可以用运动后即刻心率、早期心率恢复速度取代或改良原来的计算方法进行台阶指数计算 ,提高测试效率和准确性     

Benefits of achieving vigorous as well as moderate physical activity recommendations: evidence from heart rate complexity and cardiac vagal modulation

The aim of this study was to examine differences in traditional heart rate variability measurements and heart rate complexity (sample entropy) in young adults grouped by objectively measured achievement of either moderate or both moderate and vigorous physical activity recommendations. Of 168 young adults tested (86 females, 82 males; age 20.5 ± 1.2 years), 119 achieved only recommendations for moderate physical activity (moderate group) and 49 achieved recommendations for both moderate and vigorous physical activity (vigorous group). Analysis of covariance controlling for sex, weekly minutes of moderate physical activity, and percentage of body fat was used to assess between-group differences in heart rate variability and heart rate complexity. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the group characteristics that best predicted high heart rate complexity and vagal indices of heart rate variability. The majority of the autonomic measures were higher (P < 0.05) in the vigorous group, and regression analysis showed that vigorous physical activity was the only multivariate predictor of higher heart rate complexity and higher heart rate variability. Young adults engaged in regular vigorous physical activity were more than twice as likely to have high heart rate complexity than those involved in predominantly moderate exercise. These findings suggest that vigorous physical activity is more closely associated with high heart rate complexity than moderate physical activity in young adults.     

足球运动员高原及平原长距离匀速耐力跑时心率漂移现象的观察与分析

研究目的是观察平原及高原匀速耐力跑时足球运动员心车漂移现象及不同运动能力的运动员之间心率漂移的差异，分析不同耐力水平运动员心率漂移的变化对运动能力的影响。研究结果表明足球运动员平原及高原匀速耐力跑时无论是在平原还是在高原所有受试者都不同程度地出现心率漂移现象。但高原各心半指标均高于平原。不同运动能力受试者所存在妁心率漂移现象差异在一定程度上反映了最大摄氧能力差异。但心率漂移现象作为评定呼吸和循环系统机能妁指杯还需有更多妁其他生理指标支持。     

Modeling and predicting heart rate dynamics across a broad range of transient exercise intensities during cycling

Prior studies have investigated heart rate dynamics from a variety of perspectives, but are often inadequate for predicting heart rate responses across a broad range of transient exercise intensities. The aim of this study was to develop a nonlinear model to describe the heart rate response of an individual during cycling and to investigate whether heart rate is more accurately predicted by a combination of power output and cadence than by power output alone. The proposed model can account for the transient fluctuations of an individual’s heart rate while they participate in exercise that varies in intensity. The participants for this study each performed a fifty minute bout of cycling on an electric-braked cycle ergometer in the laboratory. The testing protocol for the cycling bout was designed to challenge the predictive capabilities of the model and the participants therefore abruptly changed their power outputs and cadences throughout the tests, which resulted in significant transient fluctuations in their heart rate responses. Due to the nonlinear nature of the proposed heart rate model, a heuristic algorithm was developed to perform the parameter estimation. The model predictions for heart rate matched very well with the experimental heart rate responses for each of the participants, especially when considering the challenges inherent to predicting abrupt transient behavior in the heart rate response. Model comparisons also indicated that heart rate is more accurately predicted by a combination of power output and cadence than by power output alone.     

Benefits of achieving vigorous as well as moderate physical activity recommendations: Evidence from heart rate complexity and cardiac vagal modulation

Abstract

The aim of this study was to examine differences in traditional heart rate variability measurements and heart rate complexity (sample entropy) in young adults grouped by objectively measured achievement of either moderate or both moderate and vigorous physical activity recommendations. Of 168 young adults tested (86 females, 82 males; age 20.5 ± 1.2 years), 119 achieved only recommendations for moderate physical activity (moderate group) and 49 achieved recommendations for both moderate and vigorous physical activity (vigorous group). Analysis of covariance controlling for sex, weekly minutes of moderate physical activity, and percentage of body fat was used to assess between-group differences in heart rate variability and heart rate complexity. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the group characteristics that best predicted high heart rate complexity and vagal indices of heart rate variability. The majority of the autonomic measures were higher (P < 0.05) in the vigorous group, and regression analysis showed that vigorous physical activity was the only multivariate predictor of higher heart rate complexity and higher heart rate variability. Young adults engaged in regular vigorous physical activity were more than twice as likely to have high heart rate complexity than those involved in predominantly moderate exercise. These findings suggest that vigorous physical activity is more closely associated with high heart rate complexity than moderate physical activity in young adults.     

Tracing the feedback loop: a Foucauldian and actor-network-theory examination of heart rate monitors in a physical education classroom

As digital tracking technologies such as heart rate monitors are being implemented into physical education classrooms with increased frequency, ‘techno-enthusiasts’ and ‘sceptics’ alike are attempting to understand the implications of these practices. Focusing on heart rate monitors in physical education, I utilize Foucauldian theories and actor-network-theory to extend the scholarship within the sociology of sport and physical education literature that has studied the relationship between technologies and the (in)active body. To better understand how the feedback loop of heart rate monitoring functions in the university-level physical education class that was studied here—or indeed, does not function—I consider the material-semiotic networks that variously form or fail to form alliances through the feedback loop of heart rate monitoring. These include the numerous technologies and bodies that are a part of this assemblage, an interest in heart rate data, and knowledge about heart rate. I conclude by arguing that we need to move beyond the techno-utopian/techno-dystopian dualism that often frames examinations of technology in PE.     

竞技健美操赛前模拟比赛心率变化分析

以心率指标来反映竞技健美操的运动强度。对参加2008年全国锦标赛的运动员进行赛前模拟比赛的心率测试。结果显示：最大心率百分比都在80％以上。运动中的心率变化跟专业级别没有差异性（P〉0．05）,跟年龄有显著的差异性（P〈0．05）。因此在训练中,训练的方式跟专业级别以及年龄相联系,并可运用心率指标进行监控。