Effect of the amplification factor on seismic stability of expanded municipal solid waste landfills using the pseudo-dynamic method

The evaluation of the seismic stability of an expanded municipal solid waste （MSW） landfill is very important in seismic prone zones. In this paper, the pseudo-dynamic method was used to calculate the average safety factor for the expanded landfill with a trapezoidal berm based on under-berm failure conditions. Furthermore, the effects of the variation of parameters such as the amplification factor, seismic coefficient, height of berm, angle of back slope of berm, and depth of waste mass at the back slope on the seismic stability of the landfill were studied. The results indicated that the influences of the vertical seismic coefficient, height of berm, and angle of the back slope of the berm on the seismic stability of the landfill are weakened as the amplification factor increases, but the influence of the horizontal seismic coefficient on the seismic stability of the landfill is strengthened. On the other hand, a certain ratio of the height of the waste mass above the back slope to the depth of waste mass at the back slope, or the reasonable consideration of the magnitude of the amplification factor will be conducive to the seismic design of the landfill. In addition, the results obtained by the pseudo-static and pseudo-dynamic methods were compared.     

双栅极空气计数管的工作电压研究

Based on analysis of the discharging course in double grid air counter(DGAC),the dischargin model is built up by applying the conception of average ionizaing free path.An effective algorithm is presented for the working voltage of DGAC using this model.The working voltage is nearly related to the geometric parameters of DGAC,the sensitivity of the circuitry and the number of discharges,computing results confirm that the working voltage increases with the ratio of the radius of the anode to that of the cathode.The number of discharges follows the similar rule.     

Optimization design of the stratospheric airship’s power system based on the methodology of orthogonal experiment

The optimization design of the power system is essential for stratospheric airships with paradoxical requirements of high reliability and low weight. The methodology of orthogonal experiment is presented to deal with the problem of the optimization design of the airship’s power system. Mathematical models of the solar array, regenerative fuel cell, and power management subsystem (PMS) are presented. The basic theory of the method of orthogonal experiment is discussed, and the selection of factors and levels of the experiment and the choice of the evaluation function are also revealed. The proposed methodology is validated in the optimization design of the power system of the ZhiYuan-2 stratospheric airship. Results show that the optimal configuration is easily obtained through this methodology. Furthermore, the optimal configuration and three sub-optimal configurations are in the Pareto frontier of the design space. Sensitivity analyses for the weight and reliability of the airship’s power system are presented.     

Internal force and deformation matrixes and their applications in load path

This paper deals with the internal force and the deformation matrixes, both of which can be used to analyze the topological relationship of a structure. Based on the reciprocal theorem, the relationship between the two matrixes is established, which greatly simplifies the computation of the internal force matrix. According to the characteristics of the internal force matrix, the transfer law of the matrix itself（due to the removal of components） is established based on the principle of linear superposition. With the relation of the two matrixes, the transfer law of the deformation matrix is also obtained. The transfer law illuminates the change regularity of internal force or deformation of the remnant structure when certain members are cut offone after another. The results of numerical examples show that the proposed methods are correct, reliable and effective.     

Response of Box-Type Structures Under Internal-Blast Loading

The tests of box-type structures under internal-blast loading are carried out. Then a numerical analysis of the test structures is done using a fully coupled numerical finite element model. The break-up process of the structure is simulated. The failure modes of the simulated structure agree well with the experimental results. The effects of the size of the reinforcing bars and the detailing of connections among the rebars in the concrete on the throw velocity of the fragments are discussed.     

论《乐记》的“中和思想”(英文)

The idea of"neutralization" has a far-reaching influence on the development of our national ancient musical aesthetics and the shaping of solid music theory.It is also the supreme realm that Con~cianism has been pursuing.From the standpoint of Confucianism.the"Records of Music in Book of Rites'clearly reveals this important aes吐ledc characteristic of China's ancient music in the aspects of the music neutralization,the neutralization of ritual and music,the neutralization of music and politics,the intgnty of humanity and nature.     

On Suspense Settings in Murder on the Orient Express

Murder on the Orient Express, a masterpiece in the detective fictions, is one of the most prevailing works of Agatha Christie. It provides special modes and new ideas for the later creation of the detective stories. Suspense is embodied largely in this book. A variety of suspense interweaves, overlaps and creates the stirring effect. This thesis first introduces the lifetime of the au?thor, the typicality of the book among the same kind of detective fictions. Then it aims at explaining and analyzing the suspense set?tings from the narrative time, the narrative point of view, clues in the book and the ending of the story by using the text analysis. Fi?nally, it states the significance of suspense settings. The study of suspense settings can not only dissect the artistic value and the charm of suspense in detective fictions but also contribute to improving readers'abilities of appreciating mystery stories. It can help them to shape a unique aesthetic perspective.     

Effects of a flexible joint on instability of a free-free jointed bipartite beam under the follower and transversal forces

This paper deals with the problem of the instability regions of a free-free flexible jointed bipartite beam under the follower and transversal forces as a realistic simulation of a two-stage aerospace structure. The aim of this study is to analyze the effects of the characteristics of a flexible joint on the beam instability to use maximum bearable propulsion force. A parametric study is conducted to investigate the effects of the stiffness and the location of the joint on the critical follower force by the Ritz method and the Newmark method, then to research the vibrational properties of the structure. It has been shown that the nature of instability is quite unpredictable and dependent on the stiffness and the location of the joint. The increase of the follower force or the transversal force will increase the vibration of the model and consequently cause a destructive phenomenon in the control system of the aerospace structure. Furthermore, this paper introduces a new concept of the parametric approach to analyze the characteristics effects of a flexible two-stage aerospace structure joint design.     

A Study on Translation Approaches to Commercial Letters of Credit under the Guidance of Skopos Theory

According to the customs,by the end of 2011,the whole value of Chinese foreign trade is two thousand nine hundred and ninety four billion dollars,by the end of 2009,5 percents of the accounts of Chinese foreign trade with a value of fifty hundred billion dollars are unpaid.Most of the financial loss are caused by wrong translation of documents.The letter of credit is the most important way of payment in the international trade,so great attention should be paid to the translation of this type of document.Until now,the study against the translation of the letter of credit is scant.This paper will apply the skopos theory put forward by Hans Vermeer and developed in Germany in the late 1970s to guide the translation practice of the letter of credit.     

线性定常系统稳定度的判据

There are various applications of the stability theory of the first-order dynamical systems. And the stability of the non-linear control systems can be determined by its linear part. In practice, it is not enough to know the stability of the dynamical systems. Sometimes we must know the degree of stability of these systems. In this paper, we present some criteria for the degree of stability of the linear constant systems, by using the entries of the coefficient matrix A only.     

小议信用证法律独立性及其例外(英文)

The principle of autonomy of letters of credit is regarded as one of the two broad principles on which the law relating to letters of credit is based;the other being the doctrine of strict compliance.In this article,we pursue the following route.First,we assess the nature of the autonomy of the credit.Secondly,we look at the fraud and illegality during the underlying transaction in more details.Thirdly,we make an overall understanding of this particular principle.     

A Study of the Translation of Automobile Trademark

Name is an interesting thing, almost everything has its name. Nowadays along with the rising of consumption levels in China, the brand name of the car becomes an important topic. And the translation of the name of the automobile is the primary task for establishing the global image of the brand. In this paper, I summarize the translation methods for automobile trademarks and point out the importance of the translation of automobile’s trademarks. In addition, this paper explores the trend in the translation of automobile names in China.     

Does Physical Activity of Preschool Teachers Impact the Planning and Implementation of Movement Activities in the Kindergartens？

The authors of this paper compared the views of Slovenian and Portuguese preschool teachers about the importance of play and movement for the preschool children. In the paper, they focused on the question： Does physical activity of preschool teachers （spontaneous or planned） impact the planning and implementation of movement activities in their kindergarten group？ They also analyzed the influence of subjective theories on the planning of movement activities and the realization of the curriculum objectives in the field of movement. Most of the preschool teachers in Slovenia and Portugal give priority to natural forms of movement in nature and play, allowing the movement of the fingers, palms, and hands. Research has shown a link between physical activity of preschool teachers and their views on the importance of the implementation of the movement activities of preschool children. The authors also noted that the quality of the implementation of the education process in kindergartens in the area of movement activities depends on their subjective theories to a great extent and on the level of professional competence referred to the discussed topic.     

A Teaching Plan for Lesson 3, Unit 16

正Ⅰ.Teaching Aims and Requirements 1. By observing the picture and the title,students learn to predict the main idea of the text. 2. to get the students to understand the contents and the structure of the text by scanning reading.3.make students to develop the spirit of never giving up In the face of difficulty.Ⅱ.Teaching Key Points 1.To make clear to students the contents and the structure of the text 2. To enable students to get the main idea of the text     

Flexural Capacity Formula of Diaphragm-Through Joints of Concrete-Filled Square Steel Tubular Columns

Finite element analysis and parametric studies were performed to investigate the flexural capacity of the panel zone of diaphragm-through joints between concretefilled square steel tubular columns and H-shaped steel beams.Through the comparisons of failure modes,load–displacement curves,and bearing capacity,it was found that the flexural capacity of the panel zone of diaphragmthrough joints was determined by the tensile action and influence of the web of H-shaped steel beams,and the axial load should be taken into account.The steel tube and the diaphragm were the major parts of the joint that resisted the bending moment.The contribution of in-filled concrete had little influence on the flexural capacity of the panel zone of the joint and could be neglected.According to the results of these numerical studies,a formula that considered the influence of the web of H-shaped steel beams and the axial load was developed based on the yield lines in the diaphragm and the steel tube.The results of the proposed formula were in good agreement with the numerical data of this investigation.     

The Phenomenon of Fossilization and Reading

On the last three decades or so, the phenomenon of fossilization became a matter of great concern in the field of Second Language Acquisition research. Attempts were made in different disciplines to find out the causes of the fossilization. In view of the causes,this article discusses why reading is a reliable way for fossilization in the age of Information and how to help students overcome the phenomenon of fossilization from the angle of reading.It also strenthens the input of language information by the way of reading literary works to avoid the repetition of lower level language.Finally,the article provides several effective ways to improve reading abilities and then improve the phenomenon of fossilization.     

Extraction of ULSI Interconnect Resistance at High Frequencies

Correct extraction of the ultra-large-scale integrated (ULSI) interconnect components at hight frequencies is very important for evaluating electrical performances of high-speed ULSI circuits. In this paper, the extraction of the interconnect resistance at high frequencies is derived from the Ohm‘s law and verified by the software FastHenry. The results are also compared with those of another resistance formula originated from the effective area of the current flowing. The applicability of these two formulae is discussed. The influence of the interconnect geometry on the resistance at high frequencies is studied. The computation indicates that the effect of frequency on the resistance is weak when the skin depth is larger than half of the short side of the rectangular interconnect cross section. With further increase of frequency, the resistance increases obviously. Results imply that conductor with a square cross section exhibits the largest resistance for rectangular conductors of constant cross section area.     

New Methods in Design Education： The Systemic Methodology and the Use of Sketch in the Conceptual Design Stage

This study describes the application of a new product concurrent design methodologies in the context in the education of industrial design. The use of the sketch has been utilized many times as a tool of creative expression especially in the conceptual design stage, in an intuitive way and a little out of the context of the reality needs that the design should be attended. This methodology systematizes and guides the process of sketching by means of a conceptual model and a geometric model toward a feasible solution, complementing the role of the sketch in the phase of a product conceptual design. The model describes its operating principles, as well as the phases of implementation in the context of teaching the industrial design illustrated with projects carried out in the workshop of conceptual design of the University Technical College of Valencia and University of the Bio-Bio, Chile. Finally, we discuss the implementation of the systemic models, their relation with the optimisation of the sketching process in the conceptual design stage, and their implications in the educational context.     

A study of Love Theme:Seen from Characters in Gone with the Wind

Themes are the essence of literary works.Characters are the carriers of the themes.Thus,theme and character are closely connected.This paper mainly concentrates on the explorations of one common theme revealed in the novel-love,delineates the esthetics of life that expectation and pursuit are the persistence of human essence in consciousness,the approval of human desires and the sublimation of human nature.     

Tragic Flaws of the Protagonists——Hamlet and Gatsby

Hamlet is the most discussed of Shakespeare’s tragedies, while The Great Gatsby is the masterpiece of Fitzgerald. It is true that the tragic flaws of the protagonists would be a key factor driving the development of the plots. In these two dramas, the flaws of the protagonists leaded to their tragic endings which are related to their own characteristics of the protagonists. And the ends of the stories are with the tragedies.