中国特有的露蕊乌头亚属及铁破锣的染色体研究

The paper reports chromosomal number and chromosomal morphologies of annual Aconitum gymnandrum endemic to China and Beesia calthifolia for the first time.  Of the two spcies, chromosome number is same (X=8, 2n=16) and chromosome average lengths are 6.17μ , 10.73μ respectively.  The longest chromosome 1, the short chromosomes 3-5, 7 and the shortest chromosome 8 are metacentrical (m), the chro- mosomes 2, 6 are submetacentrical (sm), and the pairs 4, 5, 8 have satellites in the karyotype of A. gymnandrum.  In B. calthifolia, all of the chromosome 1-5 are the long m, the chromosomes 6, 8 are the short sm and the 7 is telocentrical (t). The pairs 3, 4, 6 have satellites.      According to the comparison of karyotypes of three subgenera—subgen. Para- conitum, subgen. Aconitum and subgen. Gymnaconitum in Aconitum, the evolution trend of chromosomes is further discussed.      Finally, the relationship between Aconitum and Beesia is also discussed in thispaper.     

蜘蛛抱蛋属(百合科)的细胞分类学研究(1)——四川七个种的核型

In the work mitotic chromosomes in root-tips of 7 species native to Sichuan Pro- vince were examined and their karyotypes were analysed based on 7-8 cells at mitotic meta- phase, using Levan et al.'s (1964) nomenclature. The list of species and origin of the materials used in this work are provided in the appendix.  The micrographs of mitotic metaphase of all the materials are shown in Plates 1 and 2; the idiograms in Fig. 1, 1-9, and the parameters of chromosomes are provided in Tables 1-9.  All the chromosome countings and karyotypes in this paper are reported for the first time.      Characteristics of the karyotypes may be summarized as follows:      1.  2n=38 are found in all the materials except A. sichuanensis, which has 3 cytotypes, i.e, 2n=38+5B, 2n=38+lB and 2n=38+OB (Plate 2, 1-2, Fig. 1, 5-6).      2.  The karyotypes are of two major types: the karyotype of A. flaviflora falls into 3C in Stebbins's (1958, 197l) classification of karyotypes and those of all the other species into 2C. The two types are also different from each other in the number of large and medium-sized chromosomes pairs and morphology of the first pair of chromosomes (compare Plate 2, 5, Fig. 1, 9 with the other micrographs and idiograms).A. flaviflora with the karyotype 3C also differs from the other species in a series of gross morphological characters: the species is of a yellow and campanulate corolla.      3.  The species with caespitose leaves (A. caespitosa and A. omeiensis) have essentially the same karyotype, which is rather different from those of the species with scattered leaves. There are two pairs of small sm chromosomes (arm ratio ≥1.90) in the former karyotype (Tables 1 and 3), but all the small chromosomes are m or sm with arm ratio <1.80 in the latter karyotypes.     

芍药属的研究(1)——国产几个野生种核型的报道

In the present paper 8 species with 15 populations of the genus Paeonia L. (if P. papaveracea and P. japonica are recognised as species) were collected from Sichuan, Shaanxi and Hebei provinces (see the Appendix for detail of the materials).  The micrographs of their somatic metaphase (also Mii in the case of P.veitchii) are shown in Plates 1-4, the karyo- type formulae, ranges of chromosome length and classification of karyotypes according to Steb- bins (1971) are shown in Table 5: the idiograms in Figs. 1-2, and the parameters of chromo- somes in Table 1-4.  The essential points are mentioned as follows:        (1)   Chromosomes of the various species in the section Modan have so far been examined and they are all diploid, the two species in the section Onaepia are also diploid, and thus tetraploids exist only in the section Paeonia.        (2)  Chromosomes in the genus Paeonia are relatively stable except for the differentiation of ploidy.  The karyotypes (Table 1-4) show no differences among different taxa in Sect. Modan and the same can also be said about the taxa in Sect. Paeonia (Table 1).  Not only are the karyotypes very similar, but also among the members within  either section have the same parameters of chromosomes, and, differences, if occur, are not statistically significant. Between the two sections, however, the situation is different. The arm ratios of the first pairs of chromosomes in Sect. Modan are 1.53, 1.52 and 1.48 (Table 1), but those in Sect. Paeonia are 1.12-1.28 (Table 2-4), 95% confidence limits are 1.46-1.60 for the section Modan and 1.07-1.28 (1.21-1.35 only for PB85078) for the section Paeonia, not overlapping, which indi- cates that the two sections have differentiated in respect of the first pairs of chromosomes.        (3)The population PB85024, which belongs to the P. obovata complex, has a karyotype of 2B (stebbins, 1971), which is a new one in the genus Paeonia. This karyotype is a stable one, for several individuals in the population are uniform in this respect, which shows that Steb- bins’ (1971) generalization that all the species in Paeonia have 2A does not hold true.        (4)  Three populations of P. obovata complex studied in this work from Sichuan and Shaanxi are all tetraploids, and one from Hebei is a diploid.  From the present work and the previcus reports, the materials from Japan and Korea, no matter whether flowers are pink or white, are diploids, those from Heilongjiang Province (with both pink and white flowers) (Liu Ming-yuan, personal communication) and from Heibei Province (with pink flowers) in China are also diploids, the one from Sakhalin (pink flowers) is tetraploid, those from Priamur of the Soviet Union are a tetraploid (with white flowers) and a diploid (with pink flowers), and those from Shaanxi (the Qinling Range) and western Sichuan (with both pink and white flowers) are all tetraploids.  As far as we have now known, ploidy in this parti- cular complex is correlated with the geographical distribution: diploids are found in the cen- tral part, tetraploids occur in the northern limits, and in the south  letraploids are the only cytotype.      (5)  The materials of P. mairei from western Sichuan and Shaanxi (the Qinling Range) are found all to be tetraploids, which shows that two cytotypes, diploid and tetraploid, exist in this  species,  but the geographical distribution pattern of these two cytotypes is to be revealed in the future investigation.     

益母草的染色体数目

Leonurus japonicus Houtt. [L. heterophyllus Sweet, L. artemisia  (Lour.) S.  Y. Hu]  is one of the most important traditional Chinese medicines used as a remedy for gynaeco- logical disease since ancient times.  A cytological investigation on the species was carried out and the materials for chromosomal examination were collected from 26 localities in 20 provi- noes and autonomous regions of this country.  The number of chromosomes in root tip cell of the species was found to be 20 on the whole (Tab. 1:1), agreeing with those reported by Ma and al.[2] and probably by Chuang and al.[3] as well.      The genus Leonurus L. is variable in its  chromosomes with an aneuploidy of x=9, 10 and 12.  The present authors would propose that the primitive basic number of chromosome in the genus is 9, and thus both 10 and 12 are derived, for: (1) among the 9 species (including 1 sub- species) heretofore cytologically examined, x=9 occurring in 66.7%, x=10 occurring in 22.2%, while x=12 occurring only in 11.1%; (2) in generaclosely related to the genus under considera- tion, such as Panzeria, Galeobdolon and Lamium x=9 being the sole basic number.      But L. japonicus exhibits a mixoploidy of 2n=20 (occurring at the rate of 53.30% of the total amount of cells examined), 2n=18 (30.70%), and 2n=16 (15.99%) in our work. (Table 1).  Since the original basic number of  chromosome of the genus is 9 as proposed above, 2n= 20 would be considered as a derived one and the occurrence of 2n=18 probably suggests an early evolutionary trend of 2n=18→20 of the pecies in question.     

白芷的核型研究及其分类意义

The present paper deals mainly with the karyotype analysis of five materials in Angelica dahurica collected in Yanbian of Jilin, Anguo of Hebei, Yuxian of Henan, Hangzhou of Zhejiang and Suining of Sichuan.  They are under the names “Dongbeidahuo”, “Qibaizhi”, “Yubaizhi”, ”Hangbaizhi” and “Chuanbaizhi” respe- ctively.  Among then “Dongbeidahuo” is a wild plant, which occurs in  northeastern China, and the others are cultivated as important crude drugs in some provinces. “Qi- Baizhi” and “Yubaizhi” have been identified as conspecific with the wild Baizhi-“Do- Ngbeidahuo” (A. dahurica) according to the external morphological features, whereas the other cultivated ones, “Hangbaizhi” and “Chuanbaizhi”, treated as a variety (A. dahu- rica var. formosana).      The results of karyotype analysis are shown in Plate 1, 2, with the formula 2n=22 =12 m+2 mSAT+4sm+4st. The karyotypes described here are constantly characterized by satellites attached to the fourth pair of metacentric chromosomes and differ from the pu- blished reports on the other species of the genus.  It is reasonable to say that the five materials collectively named “Baizhi” are taxonomically closely related to each other and could be regarded as conspecific.  Since the second chromosome pair is submetacen- tric in “Dongbeidahuo”, it may be justifiable to separate the wild plant from the cul- tivated ones and treat them as two separate varieties.     

星果草属、独叶草属、鸡爪草属的染色体观察和系统位置的探讨

1.  The present paper describes the observations of chromosome  numbers  and karyomorphology of 2 species of 2 endemic genera and I endemic species of Chinese Ranunculaceae: Asteropyrum peltatum (Franch.)  Drumm et Hutch. 2n=16, x=8; Kingdonia unifolia Balf. f. et W. W. Sm. 2n=18, x=9 and Calathodes oxycarpa Spra- gue 2n=16, x=8.  The chromosome counts of three ranunculaceous genera are repor- ted for the first time.       2.  The morphylogical, palynological and cytological date in relation to the syste- matic postition of Asteropyrum, Kingdonia and Calathodes within the family Ranun- culaceae are diseussed and resulted in following conclusions:       (1).  On the basis of the basic number x=8 in Asteropyrum, it is further con- firmed that this genus is distinct from the r elated genera such as Isopyrum, Dichocarp- um and other allied taxa.       The comparison of Asteropyrum with Coptis shows that they are identical in short chromosomes, with magnoflorina and benzylisaquinodine type of alkaloides, but dif- ferent from coptis in the chromosome numbers (T-type), pantocolpate pollens, united carpels and the dorsi-ventral type of petioles.  In view of these fundamental morpho- logical and cytological differences, Asterop yrum is better raised to the level of Tribe. However Asteropyrum and Coptis may represent two divaricate evolutional lines of Thalictroideae.       (2).  The systematic position of the genus Kingdonia has been much disputed in the past.  We support the view of Sinnote (1914), namely, the trilacunar in leaf traces “the ancient type”, appeared in the angiosperm line very early, while the uni- lacunar of Kingdonia may be derived from the trilacunar.  On the basis of the chromo- some numbers and morphylogical observation, the present writer accept Tamura’s and Wang’s treatment by keeping Kingdonia in Ranunculaceae instead of raising it to a family rank as has been been done by Forster  (1961).  Kingdonia and  Coptis are similar in having short chromosome with x=9, but with one-seeded fruits; therefore it is suggested that placed into Thalictroideae as an independent tribe, indicating its close relationship with Coptideae.        (3).  Comparing with its allies, Calathodes being with out petals, seems to be more  primitive than Trollius. But Calathodes differs from Trollius with R-type chromosomes in having T-type chromosome with x=8 and subterminal centromere.  Those charac- teristics show that it is very similar to the related genera of Thalictroideae.  But as Kurita already pointed out that most speci es of Ranunculus have usually large long chromosomes but some species have compar ativelly short chromosomes, therefore we regard T-type and R-type chromosomes appear independently in different subfamilies of Ranunculaceae. According to Tamura, G alathodes seems to be  closely related  to Megaleranthis, because of the resemblance in follicles.  But due to lack of cytological data of the latter genus, the relationship between the two genera still is not clear pen- ding further studies. From the fact that the  morphology and  chromosomes  of  the Calathodes differs from that of all other genera of the Helleboroideae, we consider Calathodes may form an independent tribe of its own with a closer relationship withTrollieae.     

西藏豆科植物区系的形成与分化

 Xizang (Tibet) is rich in Leguminosae flora, comprising 41 genera and 254 species so far known, exclusive of the commonly cultivated taxa (including 11 genera and 16 species). There are 4 endemic genera (with 8 species), 10 temperate genera (with 175 species) and 19 tropical genera (with 46 species) as well as the representatives of those genera whose distribution centers are in East Asia-North  America, Mediterranean and Central Asia.       1.  There are altogether 4 endemic genera of Leguminosae in this region. Accord- ing to their morphological characters, systematic position and geographical distribution, it would appear that Salweenia and Piptanthus are Tertiary paleo-endemics, while Straceya and Cochlianths are neo-endemics. Salweenia and Piptanthus may be some of more primitive members in the subfamily Papilionasae and their allies are largely distributed in the southern Hemisphere.  The other two genera might have been derived from the northern temperate genus Hedysarum and the East Asian-North American genus Apios respectively, because of their morphological resemblance. They probably came into existanc during the uplifting of the Himalayas.       2. An analysis of temperate genera       There are twelve temperate genera of Leguminosae in the region, of which the more important elements in composition of flora, is Astragalus, Oxytropis and Cara- gana.       Astragalus  is a  cosmopolitan  genus comprising 2000 species, with its center distribution in Central Asia. 250 species, are from China so far known, in alpine zone of Southwest and Northwest, with 70 species extending farther to the Himalayas and Xizang Plateau.       Among them, there are 7 species (10%) common to Central Asia, 12 species (15.7%) to Southwest China and 40 species (60%) are endemic, it indicates that the differentia- tion of the species of the genus in the region is very active, especially in the subgenus Pogonophace with beards in stigma. 27 species amounting to 78.5% of the total species of the subgenus, are distributed in this region.  The species in the region mainly occur in alpine zone between altitude of 3500—300 m. above sea-level. They have developed into a member of representative of arid and cold alpine regions.      The endemic species of Astragalus in Xizang might be formed by specialization of the alien and native elements. It will be proved by a series of horizontal and vertical vicarism of endemic species.  For example, Astragalus bomiensis and A. englerianus are horizontal and vertical vicarism species, the former being distributed in southeast part of Xizang and the latter in Yunnan; also A. arnoldii and A. chomutovii, the former being an endemic on Xizang Plateau and latter in Central Asia.      The genus Oxytropis comprises 300 species which are mainly distributed in the north temperate zone. About 100 species are from China so far known, with 40 species extending to Himalayas and Xizang Plateau.  The distribution, formation and differ- entiation of the genus in this region are resembled to Astragalus.  These two genera are usually growing together, composing the main accompanying elements of alpine mea- dow and steppe.      Caragana is an endemic genus in Eurasian temperate zone and one of constructive elements of alpine bush-wood. About 100 species are from China, with 16 species in Xi- zang. According to the elements of composition, 4 species are common to Inner Mon- golia and Kausu, 4 species to Southwest of China, the others are endemic. This not only indicates that the species of Caragana in Xizang is closely related to those species of above mentioned regions, but the differentiation of the genus in the region is obviously effected by the uplifting of Himalayas, thus leading to the formations of endemic species reaching up to 50%.      3. An Analysis of Tropical Genera      There are 19 tropical genera in the region. They concentrate in southeast of Xizang and southern flank of the Himalayas. All of them but Indigofera and Desmodium are represented by a few species, especially the endemic species. Thus, it can be seen that they are less differentiated than the temperate genera.      However, the genus Desmodium which extends from tropical southeast and northeast Asia to Mexio is more active in differentiation than the other genera. According to Oha- Shi,s system about the genus in 1973, the species of Desmodium distributed in Sino-Hima- laya region mostly belong to the subgenus Dollinera and subgenus Podocarpium.  The subgenus Dollinera concentrates in both Sino-Himalaya region and Indo-China with 14 species, of which 7 species are endemic in Sino-Himalaya.  They are closely related to species of Indo-China, southern Yunnan and Assam and shows tha tthey have close con- nections in origin and that the former might be derived from the latter.      Another subgenus extending from subtropical to temperate zone is Podocarpium. Five out of the total eight species belonging to the subgenus are distributed in Sino- Himalaya and three of them are endemic.      An investigation on interspecific evolutionary relationship and geographic distribu- tion of the subgenus shows that the primary center of differentiation of Podocarpium is in the Sino-Himalaya region.      Finally, our survey shows that owing to the uplifting of the Himalayas which has brought about complicated geographic and climatic situations, the favorable conditions have been provided not only for the formation of the species but also for the genus in cer-tain degree.     

中国列当属的分类及与近缘属的关系

The morphological characters in the genus Orobanche were evaluated from the taxonomic point of view.  The author finds that the plants of this genus are relatively similar to each other in respect to characters of vegetative organs, fruits and seeds.  But the differences in the floral structures can be served as a basis for delimitating infrageneric taxa.   The seed coat of 18 species and pollen grains of  6 species were also examined under scanning electron microscope (SEM). They seem to have little significance for distinguishing species.       The result supports G. Beck’s (1930) division of the genus Orobanche into 4 sections, of which 2 occur in China, based on the characters of the inflorescence, bracteoles and calyx. The author considers that some characters, such as anther hairy or not, upper lip of corolla entire or not, lower lip longer or shorter than the upper one, the state of corolla-tube inflec-  tion and the hair type of filaments and plants, are important in distinguishing Chinese species.  A key to the species of Orobanche in China is given.       This genus consists of about 100 species, and is mostly confined to Eurasia, with over 60  species found in Caucasus and Middle Asia of USSR, where may be the mordern  distribu-  tional  centre.        Orobanche L. in China is represented by 23 species, 3 varieties and l forma. As shown in  Table 1, most species (12 species) are found in Xinjiang, which clearly shows a close floristic  relationship between this region and Middle Asia of USSR.  6 species are endemic to China,  of which 4 are confined to the Hengduan Mountains  (Yangtze-Mekong-Salwin divide).        The relationships between this genus and related ones of Orobanchaceae are also discussed.  The author holds the following opinions: the genus Phelypaea Desf. should be considered as a   member of Orobanche L. Sect. Gymnocaulis G. Beck,  the monotypic genus,   Necranthus A.   Gilli endemic to Turkey, is allied with Orobanche L. Sect.  Orobanche, the monotypic genus,   Platypholis Maxim, endemic to Bonin Is. of Japan, is far from Orobanche L. in relation and   should be regarded as a separate genus.        The 11 OTU’s, including all the sections of Orobanche L. and 7 genera of Orobanchaceae,   and 15 morphological characters were used in the  numerical  taxonomic treatment  to  test  the   above-mentioned  suggestions.   After standardization of characters, the correlation matrices were   computerized.  The correlation matrices were made to test the various clustering methods.   At    last the UPGMA clustering method was chosen and its result is shown in a phenogram.  The   result of numerical analysis is basically in accordance with the suggestions.     

秦岭地区10种百合科植物核型报道

本文对秦岭地区的Polygonatum的2种，Hosta的2种和Smilax discotis，Cardiocrinum giganteum，Asparagus filicintus，Reineckia carnea，Tupistra chinensis，Rohdea japonica做了核型分析。其中有4种的核型为国内首次报道。本义对不同产地的玉竹gonatum odoratum)的核型进行了对比，讨论了其核型进化的可能途径。     

百合科细胞分类学研究——(2)浙江产8属8种的染色体数目和核型报道

本文对浙江产的Disporum sessile， Tricyrtis macropodo，  Scilla rcilloides，Ophiopogon japoni-   cus,Liriope platyphylla和Allium macrostemon的核型作了分析，并报道了Polygonatum odoratum   和Asparagus cochinchinensis 的单倍体染色体数目。其中绝大多数为国产材料的首次记载。     

黄精族4属6种的核型报道

本文报道四川、陕西、河北的百合科黄精族4属6种的染色体数目和核型。Disporum megalant- hum 2n=16=2m(1SAT)+6sm(1SAT)十8st(3SAT)and 2n＝16=2m(1SAT)+8sm(3SAT)+6st， 3B型；Disporopsis pernyi 2n＝40=23m(2SAT)+15sm(2SAT)十2st+2t(2SAT), 2B型；Disporo- psis aspera 2n=40=30m十8sm(2SAT)+2t(2SAT)，2B型；Maianthemum bifolium 2n=36＝ 20m＝10sm十4st十2t(2SAT)，2B型；Palygonatum odoratum  2n=20=10m+10sm(3SAT)，2B 和2n＝20＝12m(4SAT)+8sm(2SAT)，  2B型；Polygonatum humile 20=20+10m(2SAT)十 6sm(2SAT)+4t，2B型。从染色体角度，并联系形态特征，对Disporum属中分别见于东亚和北美 的两个类群的关系作了讨论。也讨论了Disporopsis种间在核型不对称趋势与形态特化之间可能的关系。  本文还指出Polygonatum odoratum和Polygonatum humile种内核型的多变性。     

落羽杉属植物的核型及细胞地理学研究

本文分析了池杉Taxodium ascendens 的核型，全由中部和近中部着丝点染色体组成， 核型公式为K(2n)=22=20m+2sm，属“1A”类型。它的特点是10号染色体具“长着 丝点区域”结构。池杉染色体的相对长度组成为2n=2L+8M2+12M1。通过与落羽杉 的“1A”和墨西哥落羽杉的“2A”核型进行比较，似见它们的进化水平以落羽杉、池杉，墨西 哥落羽杉之序递增。  落羽杉属植物的核型公式均为K(2n)=22= 20m+2sm。  本文还就 核型、生态环境和地理分布(包括化石)资料讨论了落羽杉属的次生遗传歧异中心和可能的演 化式样。       

浙江产7种菝葜的染色体研究

本文报道浙江产菝葜属smilax 7个种的染色体数目和核型。S．nipponica有两种核型，2n＝   26和2n=32，均为3B型，但后一种细胞型的雄株的第一对染色体大小不等，可能为性染色体；S.   riparia 2n=30，属3B型；S．siebodii n＝16；S. china有两个染色体数目，2n＝96 和n＝15；   S. davidiana 2n=32，属3B型，对减数分裂MI的观察发现n＝16；S．glabra 2n=32，亦属3B   型：S. nervo-marginata var．liukiuensis 2n=32，属3C型。讨论了种间在核型上的差异、属的基数、   核型演化趋势和性染色体等问题。     

安徽南部贝母属植物核型研究

本文对安徽南部贝母属的5种植物的核型进行了研究，结果如下：祁门贝母Fritillaria qimenensis D C.Zhang et J．Z．Shao：2n=24+4Bs=3m+lsm+8st(2sc)+12t(2sc)+4Bs。铜陵黄花贝母F．monantha Miq．var．tonglingensis S．C.Chen et S．Ｆ．Yin本文报道2个细胞型，细胞型I：2n=24+5Bs=4m+8st (2sc)+12t(2sc)+5Bs；细胞型II：2n=24=2m+2sm+8st(2sc)+12t(2sc)。窄叶小贝母F.xiaobeimu Y．K． Yang，J．Ｚ．Shao et M．M．Fang：2n=24=2m+2sm+10st(4sc)+lot。宁国贝母F．ningguoensis S．C. Chen et S．F．Yin：2n=24=2m+2sm+8st(2sc)+12t。浙贝母F.thunbergii Mig．：2n=24=2m+2sm+8st(2sc)+12t(2sc)。除浙贝母外，其余均是近年发表的新种或新变种，其染色体数目和核型均为首次报道。     

黄精属5种植物的核型研究

 本文报道了安徽省黄精属Polygonatum Mill．5种植物的染色体数目和核型。玉竹P. odoratum (Mill.)Druce黄山材料2n=16=10m(3sc)+6sm，滁县琅琊山材料2n=18=10m(1sc) +2sm+6st(2sc)，二者均属2B核型． 长梗黄精P．filipes Mirr. 黄山材料2n=22=8m+8sm(2sc)+6st，属3B核型，安徽繁昌材料2n=14=10m+4sm和2n=16=8m +4sm+4st，二者均属2B核型。多花黄精(P.cyrtonema Hua)安徽黄山材料2n=20=8m+6sm+6st和2n=22=6m+8sm +4st+4t，二者均属3B核型，安徽滁县琅琊山材料2n=18=8m(2sc)+6sm+4st，属2B核型。长苞黄精(P．desoulayi kom．) 2n=22=10m(2sc)+6sm(1sc)+6st，属3B核型；轮叶黄精(P．verticillatum(L．)All．)2n=18=2m+2sm+10st+2t+2T和2n=24=6m+4sm+12st+2T，二者均属3B核型。其中玉竹2n=16，长梗黄精2n=14和2n=22，长苞黄精2n=22，轮叶黄精2n=18的染色体数目和核型均为首次报道。     

中国独活属的核型研究

本文首次报道了我国独活属10种(含1变种)的核型，其中8种的染色体数目亦为首次报道。研究表明它们的染色体数目均为2n＝2x＝22，为二倍体，其核型为中部着丝点和亚中部着丝点染色体组成，仅具1A和2A两种类型。有4种具随体染色体，在部分H．vicinum植株中发现有1条B染色体，在H．millefolium var．longilobum中同时存在2n＝22和2n＝24的非整倍体．不同种的染色体形态不同，为分类研究提供了细胞学依据。    本文在核型分析基础上讨论了该属分类群的划分、种间亲缘关系及演化，并结合我国毗邻地区该属细胞学资料和地理分布规律，提出我国西南部的横断山区是独活属的频度中心和多样性中心。     

贵州大树茶的核型变异与进化

本文对贵州大树茶7种1变种11类型的核型进行了分析。结果表明，这些种类均为二倍体2n＝30。五室茶Camellia quinquelocularis 2n＝30＝24m+6sm；四球茶C．tetracocca 2n＝30=22m+8sm；大理茶C．taliensis 2n=30＝22m+8sm；秃房茶C．gymnogyna 2n＝30＝22m+6sm+2st与2n=30＝20m+8sm+2st；假秃房茶C. gymnogynoides 2n＝30=22m+6sm+2st与2n＝30=20m+8sm+2st；榕江茶C. jungkiangensis 2n＝30+20m+8sm+2st；茶C．sinensis 2n=30＝20m+8sm+2st以及变种淡红花茶C．sinensis var．ruolla 2n＝30=20m+8sm+2st；均属2A核型。染色体结构变异在茶组植物演化中起了重要作用。所划分的两大类核型，即m和sm类与m，sm，和st类是与其子房室数，即5室和3室相一致的。根据核型的不对称性程度、外部形态及生化分析，探讨了各种类的亲缘关系与系统演化途径，论证了茶组植物的原产地是位于滇、桂、黔毗邻交汇处的云贵高原，探讨了茶组植物的分类学问题。     

百合科细胞分类学研究(1)——重楼等6属10种的核型报道

本文对陕西、四川和河北的Paris 2种，Cardiocrinum giganteum, Smilacina 2种，Allium     2种，  Asparagus 2种，以及Convallaria majalis 的核型作了分析，其中Paris polyphylla var.     latifolia，  Smilacina henryi 和 Allium  ovalifolium 的染色体报道为第一次。  首次发现Perisverticillata 中四倍体细胞宗的存在。本文对Paris的核型、地理分布和分类作了分析讨论。