基于知识治理视角的国内大学知识共享研究

为探索我国大学知识共享行为处于何种水平、受何种机制影响,本研究提出了大学科研团队知识共享的概念模型,探究大学科研团队内知识共享的知识治理机制,并结合中国情境分析了知识治理如何通过主人翁精神的中介作用及学科归属感和科研网络的调节作用来影响知识共享行为。基于409份对中国大学科研团队成员知识共享问卷调查的实证研究表明:正式和非正式知识治理对知识共享均有显著影响;中国特色的主人翁精神对正式知识治理与知识共享的关系起部分中介作用,对非正式知识治理与知识共享的关系起完全中介作用;学科归属感能调节非正式知识治理和知识共享的关系,而科研网络则能调节正式知识治理与知识共享的关系。     

知识价值导向下的知识共享与创新

知识是推动社会进步的重要元素,而知识团队是一类特殊的知识密集型组织,因此,在知识团队中实现有效的知识管理,促进知识的共享与创新具有十分重要的意义。以知识价值为导向,将知识团队的知识共享与创新和知识增值相结合,通过一种可量化的评价体系提出更有效、更具操作性的策略与方法,提高知识团队的竞争力。     

Knowledge markets in firms: knowledge sharing with trust and signalling

Knowledge sharing and learning are critically important to the success of knowledge management. In this research, we study the design of incentive rewards to facilitate knowledge transfer utilizing an internal knowledge market within organizations. The internal knowledge market is modelled as a marketplace where knowledge providers can send signals about their knowledge and learners may voluntarily acquire the knowledge based on the signals. Three types of knowledge recipients are differentiated with respect to their signalling threshold functions: knowledge connoisseur, knowledge public, and knowledge dilettante. In addition, a knowledge recipient may be either humble or arrogant, with different propensities for learning characterized by different learning inhibition cost functions. For different knowledge recipients, we study the knowledge providers’ best signalling strategies and the firm's optimal design of reward structures. Knowledge providers will adopt different signalling strategies if they lack the necessary trust that knowledge recipients will accurately report their learning. We analyse how the firm can offer learning rewards and employ IT support to improve the trust so as to increase knowledge transfer. This research provides valuable insights for practitioners to manage an internal knowledge market.     

交互过程视角下知识分享报酬的影响机制研究

基于440份配对调查数据,揭示交互过程视角下知识分享报酬对知识型团队成员知识分享行为的影响机制。研究表明：(1) 当知识型团队成员作为知识需求者时,知识寻求顾虑对知识寻求行为有阻碍影响,但对知识创造行为有促进影响,而作为知识拥有者时,知识给予顾虑对知识给予行为和知识创造行为均有阻碍影响;(2) 内在和外在报酬不仅对知识寻求和给予行为均有显著的直接影响,而且对知识寻求顾虑与知识寻求行为、知识给予顾虑与知识给予行为之间负向关系起到减弱型调节作用;(3) 除直接作用外,内在和外在报酬分别对两种主观顾虑与知识创造行为之间关系起到方向不同的调节作用,即内在报酬起到增强型调节作用,外在报酬起到减弱型调节作用。     

供应商参与NPD与企业自主创新能力的关系机理研究

摘要：以装备制造企业为对象,从探索供应商参与新产品开发、知识创造、关系互动、自主创新能力四个因素的关系出发,研究供应商参与新产品开发与企业自主创新能力之间的关系机理。通过实证检验,结果表明供应商参与新产品开发与企业自主创新能力显著正相关,知识创造和关系互动的中介效应明显。     

考虑知识隐藏的项目团队知识共享激励研究

本研究在分析项目团队知识隐藏概念基础上,整合社会认知、社会惰化等理论,构建知识隐藏的前因变量模型,并通过187份有效问卷,运用逐步回归分析对假设进行验证。研究结果表明,知识共享自我效能、个体结果期望、外生激励、分配公平、互惠与知识隐藏显著负相关;知识共享自我效能与个体结果期望显著正相关;个体结果期望对知识共享自我效能和知识隐藏之间的关系起到部分中介作用;互惠对知识共享自我效能和知识隐藏之间的关系起正向调节作用。最后对研究进行了分析与讨论。     

On the interaction between humans and Knowledge Management Systems: a framework of knowledge sharing catalysts

Knowledge Management Research & Practice - Admitting that knowledge workers and Knowledge Management Systems (KMSs) are valuable organizational assets whose interaction should be augmented,...     

知识工作者内生动机、知识共享意愿与创造力：机制与路径

本文围绕“寻求推动知识型员工提升创造力的有效路径”这一基本研究问题,以41家银行的197名员工为调查对象,在对相关文献进行回顾和分析的基础上,依托社会认知理论构建并运用层次回归分析方法检验了一个包括中介环节的调节效应模型。研究结果表明知识工作者的内生动机对创造力具有显著正向影响;知识共享意愿在知识工作者内生动机与创造力之间起部分中介作用;自我效能感调节了知识共享意愿对知识工作者内生动机与创造力关系的部分中介作用。这些结论丰富了内生动机与创造力关系理论,同时有助于企业深入理解知识型员工内生动机的重要性及其如何通过知识共享意愿对员工创造力发挥作用。     

知识市场——实现供应链知识共享的新视角

知识在成员间的共享与交流是供应链知识管理的核心所在。从经济学的视角来看,知识共享是知识拥有者和知识需求者之间的知识交易。本文首先分析了建立供应链中知识市场的原因,研究了供应链中知识市场的构成和基于知识市场的知识共享过程,最后指出了通过知识市场实现供应链知识共享存在的一些问题。     

知识位势、隐性知识分享与科研团队激励

结合高校基层科研团队独特的行为与需求特征,在考虑团队科研成员知识位势的基础上,通过分析科研人员在隐性知识分享中的博弈行为和隐性知识流动路径,探讨了隐性知识分享分类激励机制设计原则和框架,提出高校基层科研团队隐性知识分享分类激励的设计策略和建议。在考虑了科研团队人员的不同知识位势后,能够更具针对性的制定激励方案,提高隐性知识的显现可能性,达到组织与个体的双赢局面。     

Open space as a knowledge metaphor and a knowledge sharing intervention

This paper addresses the role of knowledge metaphors in knowledge sharing interventions. Open space can be treated as a specific technology for blending knowledge sources and as a broader knowledge metaphor that focuses on self-regulating knowledge processes. The paper outlines the experience of applying the open space technology in a large-scale civic society initiative, ‘My Estonia’, in 2009 and 2010. The study reveals contradictions between different meanings of open space in the knowledge sharing context. The validity of the mapping of the open space metaphor depends on the adjustment of the open space technology to the composition of the team. It can be increased by the freedom to initiate new think tanks in different locations, and thus link mental and physical open space activities. Encouraging mobility of participants and continuing think tank activities by applying virtual communication tools reflects a broader interpretation of the open space metaphor.     

知识链知识共享的信誉问题研究

知识共享是知识链组建的目标。在分析知识链知识输出方知识共享成本-收益函数的基础上构建知识链知识共享信誉均衡模型,求得知识共享区间,明确信誉对知识链知识共享的重要意义;最后从提高长期合作收益期望、完善知识链组织的契约监督协调功能、建立知识链的第三方信誉评级体系三个角度为知识链知识共享策略提出建议。     

员工知识共享、知识共享意愿与信任基础

分析了员工信任关系产生的基础,进而从知识拥有者和知识分享者两方面揭示了知识共享意愿与不同类别信任的关系,以及这种信任关系建立的原因,提出促进知识共享意愿的员工信任关系的构建途径。     

Knowledge sharing in a multi-cultural setting: a case study

Organizational culture has been shown to influence the success of knowledge management practices. Hofstede's theory specifies that organizational culture is not independent of national culture. A case study of an international subsidiary was conducted to explore the extent to which knowledge sharing is dependent on national culture. Results indicate that language differences can create knowledge blocks, and cross-cultural differences can explain the direction of knowledge flows.     

知识自身所包含的知识共享风险因素分析

在梳理以往文献资料的基础上,依次从知识的外部性、模糊性、个人性、关联性、无形性、知识破损六个方面着手,对知识自身所包含的知识共享风险因素进行了比较系统的分析。通过分析,可以使人们在这方面有一个比较全面的认识,从而有利于对相关的知识共享风险进行规避和控制。     

Knowledge management process effectiveness: measurement of preliminary knowledge management implementation

While knowledge management (KM) has been widely discussed by many academics and practitioners, measurement is undoubtedly the least developed aspect of KM due to the intangibility of knowledge assets. It is of paramount importance to establish performance measures at different stages of KM implementation even from the beginning so that its effectiveness can be identified. This paper thus serves to explore KM performance measurement from the angle of KM process effectiveness. Through the data collected from 289 managers in the Malaysian telecommunication industry, where KM implementation is just beginning to take place, significant interactions were found between four of the five proposed KM preliminary success factors (i.e. business strategy, K audit, K map, KM team) and all four KM elements of strategies (i.e. technology, culture, leadership, measurement) with KM process effectiveness. The findings of this study serve as a guide for organizations in driving their KM journey and reaching their destinations even at the beginning stage of their KM implementation.     

高新技术企业中知识分享微观机制研究

论文从主从博弈的视角,将高新技术企业运营的基础单位知识团队作为研究对象,运用博弈中的主方和从方来刻画知识团队中成员间知识水平的差异,通过分析各方投入、绩效分配、安全系数等对知识分享的影响,建立起高新技术企业知识团队中知识分享决策的主从博弈微观模型,并进行仿真分析,探索高新技术企业知识分享过程中的内在微观机理及其影响机制。论文研究发现成员的知识分享绩效分配系数与知识分享投入正相关,知识分享安全指数对知识分享投入与知识分享收益均有积极的影响;知识团队中知识分享前提条件是知识优势方的绩效分配系数应足够大,且该绩效分配系数与所有跟随者的绩效分配系数之和的比值应大于知识转化系数;研究结论为高新技术企业的知识分享策略制定提供决策参考。     

Knowledge sharing and rewards: a game-theoretical perspective

Shared databases are used as tools for knowledge management. But contributing knowledge to the database is a public-goods dilemma. Its specific features are multidimensionality of the goods, resource overlap, interdependency of group members and the lack of a marginal unit of return for individual contributions. An analytical model is presented describing the individual- and group-level payoff function. It shows that rewarding contributions with a cost-compensating bonus can be an effective solution not only at the individual level, but also at the group level. Whether or not a bonus system is self-supporting depends on the critical mass of people on average needing a contribution. This depends on the overlap of the people's resources and their interdependency.     

知识超网络环境中集成优化过程的知识共享服务研究

为解决知识超网络环境中知识数量极大丰富但知识质量并不稳定可靠所引起的知识组织维护困难和知识共享服务效率与效果不佳问题,引入了知识优化环节,提出了集成优化过程的知识共享服务模式,该模式利用知识优化过程实现知识超网络环境中知识的自优化与自组织,并通过知识共享服务过程与知识优化过程的有机集成为用户提供快速有效的知识共享服务。借助可拓理论与方法,提出并建立了集成优化过程的知识共享服务实现流程,并对该流程中基于知识事物元可拓模型的自分类、自聚类和自识别等知识可拓优化方法以及知识共享服务过程与知识优化过程集成的原理与方式进行了研究。     

大型集团企业知识共享模式研究

 知识是企业的重要战略资源,越来越多的企业开始关心自身的知识积累与更新,以适应时代瞬息万变的步伐。因此,探讨出一种企业知识共享的分析层次和实践模式,对于企业来说很有价值。通过对三家国内大型企业的全面深入调研,提出了集团企业知识共享现状的分析框架以及知识共享的三种模式,并对其应用范围进行了阐述。