Informed consent in research

The relationship between physician and patient, as generally delineated by the Hippocratic Oath and the American Medical Association's 1994 Principles of Medical Ethics, is one between a fiduciary and a principal. In such a relationship, the duties of loyalty and trust run from the fiduciary to the principal. The fiduciary (physician) is the person to whom the relevant interests of the principal (patient) are entrusted. It is the medical best interests of the patient, not the physician, that are in trust. The relationship, while usually gratifying and financially rewarding, is essentially one of professional altruism. Nevertheless, the satisfaction of this fiduciary obligation requires the performance of general duties at levels dictated by the nature and scope of medical intervention.     

Guardian consent for children's participation in sociometric research

Sociometric research has been plagued by low consent rates that potentially decrease the validity of assessment results. This study focused on ways to increase consent rates and documentation of guardians' reasons for nonconsent. A planned sequence of increasingly more personalized communication steps with parents yielded a 92% consent rate. Reasons for nonconsent ranged from children telling their parents that they did not want to participate to not having enough information about the research to make an informed decision. Discussion focuses on strategies that may increase guardian support for children's involvement in educational research.     

Ethics at home: informed consent in your own backyard

Keying off of a “fully informed consent letter” that consists of the text of her original letter to participants interspersed with insights gained after‐the‐fact, the author explores ethical and institutional power issues that arose as she conducted a qualitative research study in her home institution – her own “backyard” – and offers a critical examination of the concept of “informed consent,” calling for a radical revision of the standard notions of research ethics that blur ethical sensibilities.     

Philosophical Research and Educational Action Research

I argue here, that, ultimately and in large part, the stakes of educational action research are conditioned by the various ways of conceiving theory, research and practice, and I attempt to explore and put forward one such way that I view as potentially more helpful than others. I begin with a comparative overview of the implicit philosophical assumptions that have informed or grounded educational action research in the broadly conceived Germanic and Anglo-American contexts. I then examine the tensions around theory and practice and the role such tensions play in educational action research. In my interpretation, the polemics surrounding this topic have significantly shaped the course educational action research has taken. Examining such polemics, then, might be useful in the effort to approach risks, prospects and visions and to develop the perspective of a recuperated, enhanced but modest philosophical intervention in educational action research.     

教学科研团队主导的科研助理机制研究与实践

如何开展本科生创新人才的培养和吸引优秀创新人才是研究型大学教学科研团队面临的两大难题,科研助理机制是解决这两大难题的有效的途径。本文针对现有科研助理机制针对性不强、教师积极性差等问题,提出了教学科研团队主导的科研助理机制,论述了其必要性、培养模式和运行机制,建立了科研助理实践平台,形成了一套适合航空制造业拔尖创新人才培养的科研助理机制,解决了长期困扰团队的创新人才培养和吸引问题。     

院校研究与院校研究的研究

近年来,院校研究开始成为我国高等教育研究中一道独特的风景线.纵观国内相关研究文献,我国目前的院校研究尚处于对象化阶段,即把院校研究本身作为一个研究对象,大力开展院校研究研究.本文认为,对象化只能是我国院校研究的一个准备阶段,不应长期化,更不能领域化;我国院校研究的真正出路在于制度化.只有通过制度化建设,把院校研究转变为我国大学工作的一个实践环节,才能真正实现大学研究它自己的目的,才能有效促进我国高等学校管理的科学化与高等教育理论研究的实践化.     

教师研究与专家研究的大同小异

教师研究与专家研究大同而小异,二者在研究方法上存在内在的一致性.教师需要了解经典的研究方法并选择切合选题需要的研究方法;需要根据类似……对……的影响的实验研究的经典套路来理解和掌握实验研究的操作策略,并由此选择适合自己研究的课题;需要掌握实验研究报告的经典格式,并在经典格式的基础上自由发挥,使之显示为叙事研究或行动研究报告.