变形与异化--论《变形记》的悖谬艺术

在20世纪作家中,把悖谬艺术发挥得淋漓尽致的作家首推卡夫卡,他的诸多作品大都充满了悖谬色彩。《变形记》中主人公的变形把悖谬艺术推向了极致,变形是悖谬的艺术写照,而异化的主题则是悖谬的哲学意蕴。小说通过主人公变形前后的所思所想以及和家人的先后关系,淋漓尽致地为我们揭露了资本主义温情脉脉面纱下的人情冷暖和金钱利益。     

卡夫卡与马原叙事风格的比较研究

马原是中国先锋派的代表作家,卡夫卡是西方表现主义大家。马原善用叙述圈套,卡夫卡善用悖谬化描写。卡夫卡开创了现代派文学的先河,马原则开启了中国先锋文学。虽然两者的表达方式不同,但都通过荒诞化的描写,向世人展开了一幅毕加索式具有多重象征内涵的意象之画。马原在文学创作早期不自觉地吸收了卡夫卡式的创作特征,并将这些特征内化为自己的作品风格。同时,他在虚幻与真实交织,读者、作者及叙述者的互换,神秘主义的叙述化方面具有独到之处。     

卡夫卡与中国当代文学的双轨解读

卡夫卡的生存是为了创作,他的创作就是他的生活。他的生活与创作是一个整体,他作品的主人公就是他自己。由于卡夫卡的心态代表了当代人的生存境遇,所以他受到人们的推崇。卡夫卡在当代中国具有广泛的读者和深远的影响,不少中国作家常常将卡夫卡认作"知音"。先锋作家由"先锋"写作向平实"叙事"的转向,是中国当代文坛的一个重要现象。     

论卡夫卡小说中独特的时空哲学--理性的梦魇

以往学界少有从时空哲学的视角解读卡夫卡的作品,似乎很难定义卡夫卡的小说里时间和空间的存在,这正是卡夫卡匠心独运之处。卡夫卡独树一帜的时空哲学赋予了叙事时间和空间新的内涵与形式,作品的时空在如迷宫般交织后充满了叙事张力,使小说充满了多义性和不确定性。对时间和空间的特殊处理成为表现“卡夫卡式”书写的主要叙事手段,卡夫卡叙而不议,观而不语,让读者在品读作品时将零星的碎片和静止的瞬间在头脑中重现,从而在看似随意和刻意疏忽的充满空位与悖谬的文本中,体会到作家内心深处理性的梦魇,这种矛盾、荒诞、梦境般的叙事,进一步折射出世界的虚幻和人类的困境。     

卡夫卡悖谬性思维模式的渊源

对于卡夫卡而言,悖谬不仅是一种哲学概念,同时还是一种思维方式和表现方式,使两个极端发生奇特而重要的关系,从而昭示出世界的荒诞性和人存在所不可避免的悲剧性。卡夫卡所生活的环境就充满着悖谬。受叔本华、尼采、弗洛伊德的影响,卡夫卡对孤独、恐惧、悲剧意识有了深刻的理解,在这种情形之下,悖谬性思维方式在他的头脑中也就根深蒂固了。     

论卡夫卡短篇小说的后现代性

卡夫卡一般被认为是现代主义的表现主义作家,但随着后现代理论的兴起,人们又从其作品中发现了后现代的一些因素。卡夫卡的短篇小说体现了不确定性、内在性、解构性、游戏性、互文性、碎片性及其悖谬性的后现代特征。     

卡夫卡的时间哲学及其对20世纪后期中国小说的影响

卡夫卡的时间叙事艺术基于其时间哲学:时间的威权与控制,时间不在场时的孤独,以及时限临近时的焦虑与恐惧.卡夫卡在创作中有意消解时间的叙事功能,使文本呈现出无时间的状态;文本的时代特征被有意虚化,从而暗示虚妄的存在和昏昧不明的生存图景.研究意在发现卡夫卡的时间哲学在20世纪后期中国小说的文本中的渗透、发酵和膨胀,以及20世纪后期中国小说在因应这一影响时所做出的创造性转化.     

文学中的人性悖谬

人性悖谬在文学中的存在是一个普遍现象。由于世界存在压抑与反压抑,人类不能寻得二者之间的平衡而形成人性悖谬。卡夫卡的小说印证了由内在的压抑和外在的压抑形成的人性悖谬。但人性的悖谬开创了世界的美和爱,波德莱尔的《恶之花》、中国的《红楼梦》和麦卡勒斯的《伤心咖啡馆之歌》从正面或负面都体现出这一点。     

以《变形记》为例看卡夫卡作品的悖谬性

荒诞与真实、绝望与抗争、偶然与必然、可能与不可能,这些对立面共同构成了卡夫卡作品的两重性。而在这些两重性之间又出现了巨大的分裂,从而形成了卡夫卡作品的悖谬特色。《变形记》更是以典型的悖谬特色,全面展示了现代人内心的矛盾与冲突。     

20世纪中国文学的异文化观照——从《变形记》与《一九八六年》看卡夫卡对余华的影响

摘要：本文从影响研究的角度,以《变形记》和《一九八六年》两部短篇小说为例,分析奥地利作家卡夫卡对中国先锋作家余华的影响。余华的《一九八六午》在叙事风格、情节模式、细节处理和主题思路方面,均与20世纪现代文学鼻祖卡夫卡遥相呼应。这种影响使余华的写作无论是在形式层面上还是在思想层面上,都有了相当的突破与创新;在卡夫卡的深刻影响下,余华的创作同时有了一个自由表述的空间,而不再拘泥于现实的束缚。     

卡思卡特城堡

It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,     

不同的吃喝玩乐

一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/     

漏洞百出的教育

Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?     

只要努力,不要后悔

There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love.     

浅谈移民问题

Migration occurs behind a variety of reasons and has a great effect on the whole world. People may migrate in order to improve their economic situation, or in order to escape civil strife, persecution, and environmental disasters. The impact of migration is complex, bringing both benefits anddisadvantages. This paper briefly talks about the causes of migration, the allocation of benefits, and the ways in which individual countries and the international community deal with this important subject.     

Sister Carrie, an Adherent of Desires

Sister Carrie is one of the most controversial characters in American literature.Thought as a "fallen woman" firstly,she was defined as a "new woman" by some critics later. However, by digging into the motivaton behind the whole process of Carrie's "success", the relationship between Carrie and her creator (the author), the social conditions of then American, it can be found that Carrie has never been free-standing on her thought and she has never found her real-sdf even after becoming a famous actress. In a society dominated by mass consumerism Carrie is only an adherent of her own desires. She also is a representative of all those country girls flooded into cities, a symbol and a sacrifice of the urbanization of America in a time countryside was overcome by cities.     

Improvement of one-cycle controller by use of proportional integral differential controller

1.IntroductionOne-cyclecontrolmethod,whichwasproposedaboutonedecadeago[1],hasbecomeanattractivemethodinspecialfieldssuchaspowerfactorcorrection[2-6],switchingamplifiers[7,8],etc.Themainideaofthiscontrollerisbasedonintegrationofdiodevoltageinone-cycleandforcesittobeexactlyequaltothereferencevalue.Themainadvantageofthiscontrollerisitsrealtimeabilitytorejectthevariationofinputvoltage[1].Despitethisgreatability,ithasnogoodperformancesinrejectingofloaddisturbanceandfollowingreferencecommands.Espec…     

库克斯顿城堡

城堡, 是欧洲典型的建筑之一, 每个城堡都有一个美丽的传说或是一段历史。从本期开始, 我们将推出“城堡之旅”, 带各位读者去浏览、观赏欧洲各地的城堡, 开始一段文化与历史的旅途!     

胡主席在印度,我却在中国

Today, Sunday morning, I sit thinking and typing at my computer. My thoughts are in my homeland, India and my body is in China. The body is here and mind there for a good reason. Mr. Hu is president and I am resident and both are in each other's countries (what a difference the absence of one small letter makes!). Mr. Hu will return in a few days and I will stay on longer.