21世纪数字图书馆发展研究

在新的世纪里，随着现代信息技术的迅速发展，全球范围的数字化图书馆已成为评价一个国家信息基础水平的重要标志。本文阐述了数字化图书馆的功能、特点，并就其未来发展走向和信息化要求做了一些有益的探讨。     

电子邮件系统中的分类与检索机制研究

本文初步探讨了电子邮件系统处理信息过载的机制,并指出虚拟目录及建立在其基础上的分类和检索机制是主要的解决方法.为此,我们建立了电子邮件和虚拟目录的对象模型、设计一个专门的检索语言,并草拟了一个简单的系统原型.     

政府文件管理的数字转型框架研究

政府文件管理数字转型框架的研究旨在推进电子文件管理实践与理论的发展。文章以文本分析方法对澳大利亚与美国文件管理数字转型政策与报告予以调查归纳,由此形成政府文件管理数字转型框架。进而提出了我国政府文件管理数字转型策略:从立足整体情境完备数字基础配置、面向业务与信息融合再造流程、完善顶层设计、基于需求开发数字工具、多元主体协同充实组织架构、规范持续性全面评估六方面予以建议。     

数字赋能视域下电子健康档案信息组织研究——基于新冠肺炎疫情背景的几点思考

计算机互联网技术、数字化信息化技术、云存储云计算技术、大数据技术、人工智能技术、物联网技术、区块链技术以及扫描、数字化、缩微等新技术设备的研究与应用,使得电子健康档案信息组织工作同时面临机遇与挑战。以中国知网及Web of Science核心合集数据库作为文献研究数据来源,采用较为系统的文献研究法,结合信息组织基本理论从多维度分析电子健康档案信息组织过程中的存在的阻力因素,基于新冠疫情背景,从数字赋能视域出发针对目前电子健康档案信息组织工作中存在的信息整合技术有限、信息排序标准不一、信息检索效率低等问题,提出充分利用新兴数字技术组织信息、建立规范严格易施行的分类标准及体系、深化数字赋能认知理念引导工作、转变被动式信息组织工作方式等建议,以期为我国电子健康档案信息组织管理工作的开展提供可行思路。     

Implications of technological advances for access to the cultural heritage of selected countries in sub-Saharan Africa

Public records and archives constitute a valuable part of sub-Saharan Africa's (SSA) cultural heritage. However, technological advances threaten long-term access to public records and archives. The computer (and its associated technologies) is the major driving force behind the technological changes affecting access to information. The use of information technologies has led to the proliferation of digital information. There are significant challenges associated with ensuring access to digital materials into the future as compared with traditionally paper-based information. A recent survey of selected countries from SSA revealed that long-term access to records and archives is going to be hampered by lack of resources and plans for ensuring access to information resulting from the use of information and communication technologies (ICTs). The development of strategies for managing digital documents over time is key to accessing the cultural heritage of SSA by the present and future generations.     

大学图书馆学科导航信息定位研究

大学图书馆馆员正用专业思维和专业方式对数字图书馆学科导航进行收集、评价、分类、组织和序化整理定位。对这种信息定位进行实践和理论两方面的总结，可以探讨大学数字图书馆学科导航体系的准确设计和分类整合的趋势化模式。     

Archival orthodoxy of post-custodial realities for digital records in South Africa

Some public entities in South Africa have implemented digital records systems over a period of 20 years. In terms of the South African archival legal framework, there is a need for such entities to transfer the records into archival custody. However, there is consensus among researchers that there is no infrastructure to ingest digital records into archival custody in South Africa. Furthermore, some public entities have migrated from one system to another since implementation and there is a possibility that records might have been lost during migration. This study demonstrates through literature review the unconscious archival orthodoxy of post-custodial realities in South Africa. The study recommends that public entities should apply for exemption from archival legislation in order to develop an interim solution for the preservation of digital records. The National Archives and Records Service of South Africa (NARSSA) is also encouraged to develop a policy on distributed custody to allow government entities to create interim solutions for preserving digital records. Both public entities and NARSSA should invest in capacity development, including training and provision of sustainable infrastructure required to preserve digital records. It is hoped that this study will influence policy-making with regard to custody of digital records.     

Reliability and Accountability of Digital Information Through Time

The paper highlights some of the issues relating to reliability and accountability of digital information with special reference to the Malaysian experience. Problems in establishing this accountability and reliability in records management in a digital environment are considered. Focus is also placed on the control measures and steps that need to be taken by the major players in records management in Malaysia in their work to preserve selected information.     

澳大利亚联邦政府数字信息管理的十年

数字时代,文件档案管理数字转型已成必然趋势。澳大利亚联邦政府于2011年发布了首个数字信息政策,目前正在制定2021年第三项政策。10年来,澳大利亚国家档案馆以支持联邦政府数字转型为导向,在数字信息管理方面取得了重要进展,逐步实现从纸质信息管理到数字信息管理的转型,但也在治理、互操作、存储和处置等方面面临着新的挑战。     

Reliability and Accountability of Digital Information Through Time

The paper highlights some of the issues relating to reliability and accountability of digital information with special reference to the Malaysian experience. Problems in establishing this accountability and reliability in records management in a digital environment are considered. Focus is also placed on the control measures and steps that need to be taken by the major players in records management in Malaysia in their work to preserve selected information.     

The end of collecting: Towards a new purpose for archival appraisal

In this essay, the author ruminates on the relationship between collecting and archival appraisal. He argues that collecting does not necessarily equal appraisal, although society and even archivists value it as an important function. The author stresses that the critical need is for archivists to have a clear perspective, whether highly theoretical or immensely practical, of what it is they hope to accomplish in appraising and that they need to document this process so that future researchers and archivists can understand what archival appraisal meant. As it is, archives might become more valued as important cultural symbols than for the records they actually hold. The notion of an “end” of collecting is in the sense that collecting is appraising, but appraising elevated to a professional function requiring more care, deliberate thought, and self-evaluation.     

Digital records as relational objects–Yuk Hui’s concept of digital objects applied to archival science

The writings of Yuk Hui, bringing together both technical and philosophical insights, present a new way of dealing with the digital. The aim of this article is to assess the use of Hui’s theories on digital objects as a critical reframing, looking at the concept of digital records in particular. Two types of ontology are needed in order to understand digital objects according to Hui: (1) ontologies which relates to the technical language and hierarchies of knowledge representation, like metadata; (2) Ontology, which is a question of being-in-the-tradition of Heidegger’s phenomenology, the understanding of what it is to be in the world. Both are needed to account for the nature of the digital object. Further, digital objects are produced and constituted through their relations, which can be divided into discursive (technical and logical) and existential (the understanding of being-in-the-world) relations. Different conceptions of digital records are discussed, in order to find commonalities and possibilities in relation to Hui’s theory. The digital record as a process of becoming, information as affordance, and temporality are related to and structured through the application of Hui’s perspective. The article ends with the contribution of a possible redefinition of digital records: a digital record is constituted and concretised as material by discursive and existential relations that taken together function as a persistent representation. Hui’s theory is suggested as a set of coordinates for further thinking and a method for critical reading of digital records.

     

亚马逊网络书店的图书揭示功能对数字图书馆OPAC的启示

详细介绍了亚马逊网络书店的图书检索功能和图书信息描述功能,并将其与国内四所数字图书馆的OPAC进行比较,总结出我国数字图书馆的OPAC在馆藏书目信息揭示上的不足,提出要以亚马逊书店为启示,强化OPAC的检索能力,重视对文献内部信息的深度揭示,鼓励用户参与OPAC建设,以及在OPAC书目记录中整合相关外部资源.     

Implementing digital archives: issues of trust

In recent years, much of the focus in archival literature and endeavour has been directed towards the management of digital records. The need to work closely with information and communication technology (ICT) professionals is essential if digital preservation aspirations are to be realised. However, consideration has not been given to the challenges inherent in being respected or trusted by this occupational group. As a preliminary step to identifying possible cultural differences, a survey was developed to investigate the perceptions of ICT professionals as regards digital archives and the role of recordkeepers. Findings from this survey show differences in the perception of trustworthiness in terms of abilities to manage paper versus digital records. In addition, responses also highlight risks inherent in developing digital archives which do not take access requirements sufficiently into account. We suggest that attention must be paid to this dimension of custody if digital archives initiatives are to succeed.     

The Challenges of Archiving Digital Information

This paper examines the need for re-evaluating archival principles and practices. Opportunities created to enhance and enrich archival work and difficulties of archiving digital information, because of its nature, are reviewed. “Records series” are used to illustrate the consequences in terms of selection and appraisal of records. The preservation of digital information also raises new challenges. The impact of digital information on the ethical, legal and societal issues (protection, confidentiality, privacy, etc.) is emphasized.     

论数字馆藏服务绩效监控系统的建设

如何对数字馆藏的服务绩效进行动态的监测、反馈和控制,以加强数字馆藏管理的科学性,提高数字馆藏的服务绩效,对当前复合图书馆来说是非常有意义的。本文依据服务绩效控制目标制定—服务绩效分析评价—服务绩效改进的思路,从数字馆藏服务绩效监控系统的概念和作用、系统的构成、系统的建设方法、系统的运行四个方面,探讨了数字馆藏服务绩效监控系统的构建。     

The Challenges of Archiving Digital Information

This paper examines the need for re-evaluating archival principles and practices. Opportunities created to enhance and enrich archival work and difficulties of archiving digital information, because of its nature, are reviewed. “Records series” are used to illustrate the consequences in terms of selection and appraisal of records. The preservation of digital information also raises new challenges. The impact of digital information on the ethical, legal and societal issues (protection, confidentiality, privacy, etc.) is emphasized.     

A Foundation for Developing Digital Preservation Policy: The InterPARES Policy Framework

近年来,数字资源长期保存领域经历了从基础理论研究、个体实验,到最佳实践的发展过程。继2004年北京、2005年德国、2006年北美成功举办之后,2007年10月11-12日,数字资源长期保存国际会议(iPRES2007)再次回归北京,由国家科技图书文献中心主办,中国科学院国家科学图书馆组织承办。本次会议主题为"数字资源长期保存:项目进展和最佳实践",结合具体项目和实践经验,分别从数字资源长期保存的战略计划与基础设施、相关管理问题、技术研究与实践、认证与评估、教育与培训5个方面进行了介绍,并就面临的问题和下一步发展进行了交流。《现代图书情报技术》杂志作为此次会议协办媒体,组织部分参会论文形成专辑发表,集中反映国内外数字资源长期保存领域重大项目的研究进展以及实施路线,供广大研究人员参考、借鉴。     

平衡理论视域下数字记录的信任危机与信任重建

信任是诚信经营的基本前提,研究分析杭州"人脸识别第一案"背后的信任危机问题,对数字记录保管者的信任重建具有积极意义.基于认知平衡理论与数字记录的基本内涵,解析数字记录信任危机产生的原因,阐释化解信任危机的意义、信任重建主体及重建内容,建议从转化传统数据保护意识,形成以国内法为梁柱、国际法为配筋的法律体系,深化技术与社会...     

江苏高校图书馆数字资源建设现状与可持续发展机制研究

以江苏教育122所江苏省普通高等学校为调查对象,从各高校的数字图书馆门户网站入手,结合邮件或电话询问,对数据库数量分布情况、中外文数据库引进情况、特色数据库建设情况及数字资源整合情况进行详实数据调查,分析江苏高校图书馆数字资源建设现状,以期通过建立政策保障机制、质量管理机制、绩效评估机制、协作共建机制,促使江苏高校图书馆数字资源建设可持续发展。