荷兰教师教育工作者专业标准的演变及特点

荷兰教师教育工作者协会是荷兰教师教育工作者专业标准的制定主体,该协会分别于1999年、2003年和2008年开发出三个版本的教师教育工作者专业标准,其内容主要涉及知识、技能、态度、个性品质和价值观五个维度。三个版本专业标准的演变过程是一个不断完善和细化的过程,并且在制定主体方面,体现了权威性和专业性的相容;在目标群体方面,表现出普适性和发展性的兼备;在标准内容方面,显示出时代性和全面性并存的特点。     

论教师教育者的专业发展

教师的成长是一种特殊的专业发展过程。对此人们也已形成共识。由此看来作为教师的教师——教师教育者,在逻辑上分析,应当接受过与教师职业相关而特殊的专业教育,并经历特殊的专业发展过程。教师教育者要能够帮助和促进教师的专业发展,教师教育者自身的专业发展是不可或缺的。     

中国教师教育的过去、现在和未来——顾明远教授访谈

我国教师教育正处于转型时期。传统的师范教育体制已经逐步瓦解,新的教师教育体制尚未最终形成。北京师范大学顾明远教授是中国教育学会名誉会长、我国教师教育专家委员会主任和中国比较教育的奠基人。他参与中国教师教育的实践和研究60多年,亲历了我国教师教育的改革与发展。在本访谈中,顾明远教授叙述了他对我国教师教育发展的历史、现状和未来趋势的认识。     

教师教育的实践态势透视

新时期的教师教育,需要冷静衡量教育理论在教师发展中的作用,树立正确的教育理论教学观,提供优质的教育理论资源,采用多种方式实现教育理论与实践的对接,以改变当前教育理论被渎贬的实践态势。     

对英格兰《教师专业标准》的解读及思考

本文在分析2007年9月英格兰施行的《教师专业标准》特点的基础上,以英国合格教师资格标准为例,客观地分析了我国现行教师职业标准中存在的问题,提出了建设性改进意见,以进一步完善我国的教师资格标准的制定,提高教师队伍的整体素质。     

教师教育课程改革阻抗的成因分析与对策思考

教师是课程变革的关键。教师教育课程改革中,由于深刻的文化、制度缘由,教师阻抗表现为改革认同缺失、专业自我认同危机、课程权力泛化、课程素养弱化等,导致改革并非一帆风顺。应对课程改革对教师文化的挑战,重建教师教育专业共同体、重构教师教育者的专业自我认同并推进教师教育者的专业发展,从而再造教师教育专业文化,应成为高师院校课程改革的重要议题。     

Teacher education changes in China: 1974–2014

The Chinese Government has conducted a series of top-down reforms of teacher education over the past several decades. The reforms have established a relatively stable teacher education system, regulated teacher education programmes and curricula, and provided opportunities for in-service teachers to be trained and to upgrade their educational credentials. Teacher education institutions have been upgraded, merged and made comprehensive, and they have initiated some innovative approaches. However, the teacher education process has not changed considerably, and most problems have not been solved. These problems have influenced the quality of teacher education.     

对我国幼儿园教师资格标准问题的思考

目前我国幼儿园教师资格标准存在不是专门标准、标准过低、缺乏可操作性等问题。为了保证幼儿园教师的质量,有必要从以下两方面作出新的探索:第一,整合幼儿园教师资格标准与专业标准;第二,整合幼儿园教师资格标准与幼儿园教师教育标准。     

Changing localities for teacher training: the potential impact on professional formation and the university sector response

Early in its period of office the new United Kingdom coalition government produced an Education White Paper containing potentially devastating news for higher education training institutions in England and Wales. Drawing on research papers and policy documents, this article takes an historic approach to map the changing face of teacher training over the past 30 years. A variety of approaches to the training of teachers are examined in terms of the partnership arrangements each model espouses and the training approaches that each locality arrangement represents. A small-scale research project maps early responses from higher education institutions as they consider the implications of new policies. Finally, a future scenario where higher education institutions struggle for survival as meaningful providers of teacher education is postulated.     

The contribution of non-formal learning in higher education to student teachers’ professional competence

This article reports a mixed methods study on the contribution of various aspects of pre-service student teachers’ learning in initial teacher education (ITE) to their professional competence in a Five-year Bachelor of Education Programme in Hong Kong. Special attention is given to how student teachers’ non-formal learning in higher education contributes to their professional competence, an under-researched area in teacher education. A total of 282 student teachers participated in the quantitative survey, 18 of whom were interviewed. Although  Undergraduate Learning Experience: Formal Learning and Non-formal Learning was not the most highly rated factor, multiple regression indicated that it was the only ITE professional learning factor that significantly predicted all dimensions of professional competence. This supports the hypothesis that non-formal learning as a part of learning in higher education makes a significant contribution to student teachers’ professional competence. The qualitative findings showed that non-formal learning provided opportunities for service learning, co-curricular activities, and student exchange programmes with different objects of engagement. Student teachers constructed pedagogical content knowledge, general pedagogical knowledge, and knowledge of context through hands-on experiences, professional dialogue with practitioners, and observations of others’ practice. Such knowledge contributed to their competence in classroom teaching and to work in schools. Implications for ITE are discussed.     

‘Elite’ career-changers and their experience of initial teacher education

This study explores the motivation of ‘high-status’ professionals to change career and enter teaching, and their experience of undertaking initial teacher education (ITE) programmes in England. The study builds on previous research which found that career-changers are disproportionately more likely to fail to complete their ITE studies, and that those who do complete the transition into teaching frequently experience frustration with some aspects of induction and often feel undervalued by their new colleagues. The participants in this study were largely positive about most aspects of their ITE experience, and felt their professional background enabled them to be resilient when faced with the challenges of transitioning from being an expert in one domain to novice in another. However, they report variable experiences of mentoring, and for some, a sense of their previous experience being under-appreciated by ITE tutors and schools. The study also finds little evidence of personalisation built into ITE programmes to take account of the distinctive needs of career-changers. This paper concludes that the current policy focus adopted in England and in many other countries on entry quality may detract from the more fundamental issue of ensuring ITE programmes provide the flexible and personalised professional learning environments that enable a diverse range of entrants to flourish.     

All the right features: towards an ‘architecture’ for mentoring trainee teachers in UK further education colleges

This paper reviews the range of institutional strategies which it might be appropriate and desirable to have in place to support and enhance the effective mentoring of trainee teachers in UK colleges of further education. The high degree of importance being attached to mentoring by various government bodies, with reference to initial teacher education in particular, is emphasised, as is the rapidity with which this state of affairs has been arrived at. The notion of an institutional architecture for mentoring activity is proposed; this comprises features ranging from those structures necessary to allow certain basic mentoring activities, to those with a more strategic and longer‐term significance. In conclusion, the likely costs of failing to acknowledge the need to build institutional capabilities for mentoring alongside developing individual mentors' skills are identified.     

英国教师教育专业新标准述评

为了进一步提升教师教育的质量,建立教师队伍高标准资格框架,奠定教师持续性专业发展的坚实基础,不久前,英国学校培训与发展署颁布了新修订的《合格教师资格标准与教师职前培训要求》,对职前教师培养提出了新的规定性要求.该文件取代了2002年以来实施的现行的标准和要求,并将于2007年9月付诸实施.文本拟就此次修订的背景与过程、新的标准与要求内容作一简要说明与分析,以期对我国提供有益的启示与借鉴.     

美、加、澳初任教师专业标准及其对我国教师教育的启示

初任教师的专业标准实际上就是新教师的入职门槛,对教师教育具有重要的导向作用。各国的初任教师专业标准既有共同性,都注重专业知识、专业实践、专业责任、持续学习诸方面,又各有特色:美国《InTASC示范核心教学标准》重视发展性、加拿大安大略省《专业实践基础》重视实践性、《澳大利亚初任教师教育项目认证:标准和程序》则具体而易操作。以上三国的初任教师专业标准,对中国教师专业标准的制定以及职前教师教育培养目标的完善有积极的启示作用。