促进教师的专业发展:英国教师教育标准述评

英国教师教育标准是由"学校培训与发展局"制定的,分为"职前教师教育要求"和"教师专业标准"两套体系。该标准凸显了教师专业发展的理念,体现了教师教育的一体化趋势和教师专业化管理的动力原则,反映了人们对教师素质的最新认识和对教师内在专业特性提升的要求,对我国教师教育标准的制定有借鉴意义。     

英国合格教师的职业标准及初任教师培训的要求

近年来，为提高教师质量，英国政府根据对教师职业及教师教育性质的新理解，在职前教师教育改革方面进行了很多尝试。其中“合格教师的职业标准及初任教师培训的要求”即成为确保教师教育质量的有力支持之一。     

美国专业发展学校(PDS)标准评析

美国专业发展学校（PDS）是由大学教育学院与一所或多所中小学合作，融教师职前培养、在职培训和学校改革为一体的学校形式，正逐渐成为美国教师教育改革的一大趋势。2001年11月16日，全美师范资格审查委员会发布了美国第一个《专业发展学校标准》，为PDS的进一步发展提出了一系列指导性的办学思想和原则性的指标体系及分级评估标准。本文对这一标准的产生背景、主要思想和目标体系进行了介绍和分析。     

论英国合格教师专业标准与教师职前培训要求

英国教师标准局和英国师资培训署在2002年6月共同颁布了《英国合格教师专业标准与教师职前培训要求,》旨在提高教师的专业标准,提升教育质量。其内容主要包括两方面:一是教育大臣标准,这是受训教师在获得合格教师资格之前必须要达到的标准;二是对教师职前培训的提供者和教师资格授权人的要求。我国新一轮的基础教育课程改革需要一批高素质的教师,势必在教师标准和教师培训方面提出新的要求,英国的这项标准给我们提供了很好的借鉴。     

教师专业标准比较研究及启示--以中国、澳大利亚为例

教师质量是影响教育质量的重要因素,因此严格教师的资质对于教师队伍的培养至关重要,并在当今受到了世界各国的广泛重视。推动教师专业发展、提高教师队伍素质已经受到世界教师教育改革的共同关注。以2012年中国颁布的《幼儿园教师专业标准(试行)》《小学教师专业标准(试行)》《中学教师专业标准(试行)》以及澳大利亚颁布的《全国教师专业标准(2011年版)》为研究对象,通过比较分析,借此探求不同教师专业标准异同,为进一步完善我国现行教师专业标准提供参考和借鉴。     

美国“以标准为基础”的教师证照制度的改革与启示

进入21世纪,美国逐步完善"以标准为基础"的教师证照制度体系。"全美教师教育认证委员会"(NCATE)修正原有的教师认证标准,整合"州际新教师支援与评价协会"(INTSAC)与"全美专业人员教学标准局"(NBPTS)的标准,建立了资质认证、准入执照和进修证书三位一体的新体系。在教师证照制度的内容上,从关注学术理论转移到重视教师的实践智慧与专业热忱。     

推进教师教育改革,提升教师专业化水平——第六届中日教师教育研讨会综述

主题为"教师教育改革与提升教师专业化水平"的第六届中日教师教育研讨会,2004年7月17-19日在香港大学教育学院召开。此次会议分别以大会主题报告、大会发言和小组发言等形式,就中日两国教师教育改革与发展的现状、问题,特别是教师专业化的理论与实践探索,展开了深入的研讨与交流。     

教师教育课程改革的国际趋势

我国《教师教育课程标准》的研制建立在对国际教师教育课程改革研究的基础之上,本文对美国、英国、德国、法国、澳大利亚和日本等发达国家教师教育课程改革的理念和实践展开比较分析,指出教师教育课程改革的国际趋势表现在:开展旨在教师终身专业发展的、以学习者为中心的教师教育课程改革;注重教师教育课程的前沿性、灵活性和实用性;注重模块式课程的开发和教育临床研究;注重以学生为中心的课程实施方法;注重质的评价和严格把关相结合的课程评价。     

中英两国教师专业标准对比解析

教师专业发展标准是规范教师专业发展活动的准则,是提高教育质量的保障。2007年,英国颁布了新的《合格教师专业标准》,它从教师专业素质、专业知识和理解、专业技能三个方面明确界定了教师专业素质的结构,强调了教师专业的社会性、综合性和动态性。2012年初中国颁布了教师专业标准的试行稿,从教师的专业理念和师德、专业知识和专业能力三个方面定义了教师的专业性。与英国的教师专业标准相比,中国的标准还应关注教师专业学科结构的综合性,教师专业发展过程中的能动性,以及教师专业标准一体化的建立,从而确保教师专业的可持续发展。     

Teacher educators' perspectives on the implementation of beginning teacher standards for physical education in Ireland: developing and regulating the profession?

The physical education teacher education community in Ireland has developed Beginning Teacher Standards for Physical Education (BTSfPE) at the post-primary (secondary) level. This study explored teacher educators' perspectives on how the BTSfPE could be implemented and considered the possible impact on the profession within the discourses of power. Data collection involved semi-structured interviews with teacher educators in physical education (n = 13). Data were analysed inductively and trustworthiness issues were considered. Participants suggested that the teaching standards could serve as a developmental tool to guide individual teacher education programmes and beginning teachers as well as an assessment function to support quality assurance and to hold programmes accountable. The teacher educators were committed to addressing issues of quality and status in physical education in Ireland. However, an agreed vision of how the teaching standards would be used to develop and regulate the profession is necessary to ensure that the intended benefits emerge.     

为教育质量提供保障:澳大利亚教师专业标准的比较分析

2003年澳大利亚首次颁布了《国家教师专业标准》,用于指导全国的教师专业发展工作。基于教育改革的发展和变化,2009年联邦教育部着手修订标准,旨在为每个儿童接受优质的教育提供保障。新标准最终由澳大利亚教育、就业和青年事务部认证通过后于2010年颁布。新标准顺应了时代的要求,更多地关注了教师专业发展。     

University-School Collaboration: Identifying faulty assumptions

The 1993 Teaching Accord in Australia (Commonwealth of Australia, Australia Education Union, and Independent Education Union) committed all funding for professional development to programmes promoting partnerships that involve teacher organisations, education authorities and universities. Since then there has been a proliferation of collaborative research and development projects involving universities and schools. The author has been a university participant in a number of these projects, including the Innovative Links Project (Innovative Links between Schools and Universities for Teacher Professional Development, 1994-96), the Australian National Middle Schooling Authentic Assessment Research Circle (1997) and the School-based Research and Reform Project (1998-2000). The first part of this article reports on research the author conducted into the experiences of the seven teacher educators who worked in the Innovative Links Project in South Australia. The research revealed that for these teacher educators, the Project expectations proved to be problematic because they were based on invalid assumptions about the personal, structural and cultural conditions that impacted on both school and university participants at that time. In the second part of the article, the author draws on experiences in later projects to look at what forms of collaboration are possible in the light of these conditions.     

The Impact of a Pedagogy of Teacher Education Seminar on Educator and Future Teacher Educator Identities

Educators require support as they move from classroom to higher education settings. This collaborative self-study provides insight into one such support space, a doctoral seminar titled Pedagogy of Teacher Education, and how our identities as educators and future teacher educators developed through participation in the course. Several important themes emerged as we negotiated and adopted new identities as educators, and future teacher educators and researchers. These themes include our development of a collaborative mindset, a teacher educator-researcher perspective, and a critical self-awareness. The findings draw on our professional and personal histories to explore the prominent features that influenced and shaped our identities as educators and future teacher educator-researchers. In sharing our development as educators and future teacher educators, this article provides insights into the ways in which doctoral students in education begin to develop their identities and pedagogies through guided support from more experienced teacher educators.     

Standards in examinations: a matter of trust?

This paper is addressed to the international community of educators and educational policy makers who, it is argued, need to commit to joint research and creative action in respect of the challenge of Education for All (EFA). The first section, A Global Challenge for Teacher Development, sets out: the implications for teacher education of the Education For All agenda; the potential of new information and communication technologies (ICT) in addressing this problem; an overview of an applied research project exploring new models of teacher education using ICT in rural and resource challenged environments. In the second section Towards New Models of Professional Development, four categories of teacher professional knowledge from this model are used to interpret and explore the findings of the project and its impact on teacher knowledge and development. The paper concludes that ICT can no longer be viewed as some sort of optional pedagogic strategy available in ever increasing sophistication, as well as quantity, to only a small proportion of the world's teachers. They need to be seen as an essential aspect of teaching's cultural toolkit in the 21st century, affording new and transformative models of development that extend the nature and reach of teacher learning wherever it takes place. Such models must be experienced, shared and evaluated by educators world wide if the global commitment to achievement of the EFA targets is to become a reality.     

对我国高师教师教育改革的思考

面对教师教育新形势,高师院校都在积极筹划改革。本文针对改革中倡导的"4+X"人才培养模式,以及成立教师教育学院等热点问题进行了分析,并根据基础教育发展的要求和教师专业发展规律,对我国高师院校教师教育模式提出了一些想法。     

论民国时期幼儿教师教育探索与实践

民国时期教育部先后颁布《师范教育令》、《师范学校规程》,幼儿教师教育的制度化得到了发展;正式幼儿教师教育机构的出现、新教育思潮的不断深入、壬戌学制的推行,保证并推动了幼儿教师教育的发展;爱国教育家的大量涌现,乡村幼儿师范教育的发展,幼儿教师教育开始了中国化的道路。     

Teaching for a Sustainable World: the Environmental and Development Education Project for Teacher Education

The social, economic, political and ecological imperatives of sustainable development outlined in ’Our Common Future, Agenda 21’ and ’Caring for the Earth’ have established a renewed agenda for environmental education which links it very closely with development education. Teacher educators in Australia have responded to the need to link environmental and development education and to raise the level of attention usually devoted to them in teacher education programmes. The ’Environmental and Development Education Project for Teacher Education’ has been the result. The project has involved 20 educators, drawn from 11 universities, government departments and NGOs across Australia, in writing and trialing a set of 18 3‐hour workshop modules on environmental and development education for use in pre‐service teacher education courses. These modules, published in the project manual, ’Teaching for a Sustainable World’, illustrate how environmental education and development education are related and provide practical assistance for teacher educators who wish to include these important fields in their programmes. An intensive dissemination programme in 1993‐94 involves workshops for all Faculties of Education in Australia.     

师范院校英语教师教育课程改革研究与实践

在新一轮基础教育改革的背景下,传统的高等师范院校教师教育课程正面临挑战。文章在分析目前高等师范院校教师教育课程存在问题的基础上,结合基础教育改革的发展需求,对英语专业教师教育课程的改革提出相关措施：增设《英语课程标准解读》《英语教师职业技能训练》课程和第二课堂实践课等,完善英语教师教育课程科学体系;更新教学观念,改革教学方法;加大实践教学的改革。     

论教师教育的课程设计

在当前高等师范院校教师教育专业的课程设计中,要合理吸取职业主义和科学主义的价值取向．明确教师教育课程结构的指导思想,逐步建构并优化教师教育课程结构体系。突出教育课程的统一性、实践性、广博性、衔接性和超前性等主要特征．努力增强教育科学课程体系的开放性与兼容性。丰富教师教育资源,提高教师教育的质量。     

新时期师范生职业能力培养的方法与策略

《教师教育课程标准(试行)》是教育部颁布的我国第一个教师教育课程设置规范性文件,其实践取向的教师职业能力发展导向,对在校师范生职业能力培养提出了更高的要求,师范院校应积极调整教师教育课程体系,用合适的方法把师范生教师职业能力培养做得更加实在,进一步创新师范生教师职业能力培养策略。