国家工程技术数字图书馆服务体系建设

信息服务是数字图书馆建设的目标和核心内容。作为国内最大的工程技术领域专业图书馆,国家工程技术图书馆以丰富的自身资源及国家科技文献保障体系为依托,以数字化网络化的资源加工揭示、集成整合、发布服务平台为支撑,重点针对国家科技计划和基金项目,为科技创新主体（企业、高等院校、科研院所和科研人员）提供全方位的信息服务。文章从国家工程技术数字图书馆的信息服务内容、信息服务平台以及信息服务的宣传推广体系等几个方面对国家工程技术数字图书馆的信息服务体系进行了全面的梳理,为相关机构及其用户利用资源提供借鉴。     

基于唯一标识符的多类型信息资源共享系统构建——对国家自然科技资源e-平台建设方案的思考

标识符体系是信息管理系统中常用的一种技术体系,对资源描述和发现具有重要意义。文章在梳理国际常用的标识符系统的基础上,针对自然科技资源的特点,制定了国家自然科技资源e-平台的标识符体系的方案,并对这种方案的应用效果进行了评述,提出了改进意见和建议。     

国防科学技术报告工作和管理体系的构建

以航天员科研训练中心为例,从报告编写、提交、形式审查、交流利用等方面阐述了国防科学技术报告管理情况,指出了国防科学技术报告管理存在的问题,提出了加强国防科学技术报告管理的措施与建议。     

An empirical analysis of e-participation. The role of social networks and e-government over citizens' online engagement

The aim of this paper is to further explore the drivers behind the decision of citizens to engage in social and political participation on the internet, since mixed empirical evidence has been found in the literature. Using data from the 2011 survey on the use of information and communications technologies by households and individuals in Spain, the following two types of e-participation are analyzed: reading/giving opinions about social/political issues and signing/taking part in online petitions/public consultations. Relying on an updated version of the resources approach, we investigate as to what extent e-participation is explained not only by traditional participation-related resources (i.e., socio-economic characteristics) but also by digital skills, social networks and the online development of public administrations. Results show that, while online participation is mainly associated with internet-related skills, there is a significant gender gap. Interestingly, the unemployed tend to engage socially and politically online more than the rest of the population.     

Gateway to Improving ERM System Deliverables: NISO ERM Data Standards and Best Practices Review

Seven years after the Digital Library Foundation's (DLF) pioneering 2004 Electronic Resources Management Initiative (ERMI) report, challenges with electronic resource management (ERM) system implementation, interoperability, management, and workflow issues remain. In 2009 the National Information Standards Organization (NISO) formed the ERM Data Standards and Best Practices Review Steering Committee to undertake a gap analysis of ERM-related data, standards, and best practices with current and future e-resources management needs in mind. In this session a member of the Steering Committee presented an overview of the project and focused on initial results of the review, including mappings from the DLF ERMI data dictionary to a range of other current standards and best practices. This presentation was based on the draft of an unpublished discussion paper authored by the members of the NISO ERM Data Standards and Best Practices Review Steering Committee.     

人与信息无处不在的连接与交互——2019年ASIS&T年会论文综述

[目的/意义]通过综述2019年ASIS&T年会论文,梳理与分析当下图书情报与信息科学的研究内容与研究发现,为我国相关领域学者把握学科前沿提供参考。[研究设计/方法]采用文献综述法,对本届年会论文所反映的研究热点与前沿进行归纳总结与提炼。[结论/发现]本届年会在信息组织、信息伦理与隐私安全、信息行为、图书馆服务、数据科学教育、信息计量、数字人文等多个领域取得了丰硕成果;呈现出立足用户,以现实为导向,关注少数群体与弱势人群,与数据科学交叉融合的四大特点。[创新/价值]揭示了当前图书情报与信息科学研究热点与趋势。     

Wildlife Enforcement Monitoring System (WEMS): A solution to support compliance of Multilateral Environmental Agreements

Given the rising number of international environmental agreements, it is increasingly difficult for many developing countries to meet the basic commitments of compliance to Multilateral Environmental Agreements (MEAs). One major reason for non-compliance is an unforced restriction on enforcement information flow to the national environmental governance repository either due to policy regulations or, technological hindrance. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the importance of a global information technology framework for MEAs that will help in enhancing the flow of information from a grassroot level to a national repository and then serving to various international agencies involved in monitoring of enforcement and compliance to MEAs. The paper defines the current challenges in global and national-level environmental information gathering and analysis and then, explains the technological and policy framework model adopted in the Wildlife Enforcement Monitoring System (WEMS). The paper then argues that the WEMS model will be able to overcome the existing challenges hindering the information flow in a government framework.     

Situated Knowledge and the Virtual Science and Industry Museum: Problems in the Social-Technical Interface

The Museum is a perspicuous site for analysing the complex interplay between social, organisational, cultural and political factors which have relevance to the design and use of virtual technologies. Specifically, the introduction of virtual technologies in museums runs up against the issue of the situated character of information use. Across a number of disciplines (anthropology, sociology, psychology, cognitive science) there is growing recognition of the situatedness of knowledge and its importance for the design and use of technology. This awareness is fostered by the fact that technological developments are often associated with disappointing gains for users. The effective use of technology relies on the degree to which it can be embedded in or congruent with the local practices of museum users. Drawing upon field research in two museums of science and technology, both of which are in the process of introducing virtual technologies and exploring the possibilities of on-line access, findings are presented which suggest that the success of such developments will depend on the extent to which they are informed by detailed understanding of practice-practices that are essentially socially constituted in the activities of museum visitors and the daily work of museum professionals.