The persuasive effect of the AIDS NAMES quilt on behavioral intentions

The present study attempted to test the persuasive impact of the AIDS NAMES Quilt on behavioral intentions. Specifically, the Quilt, and knowing or not knowing a homosexual or Person Living with AIDS (PLWA), was predicted to be influential in determining one's intentions to behave supportively towards PLWA.

Results indicated that far individuals who know a homosexual or PLWA, viewing the quilt had no effect. For individuals who did not know a homosexual or PLWA, the quilt had a significant effect on their behavioral intentions e.g., they were more willing to engage in supportive behaviors. Additionally, females were more willing to engage in supportive behaviors than males. Implications and directions for future research are discussed.     

The role of situational factors in managing U.S. federal recordkeeping

This paper reports on a study funded by the National Archives and Records Administration and conducted by the authors to collect information on Federal employees’ views and perceptions on twenty information collection topics pertaining to records creation, maintenance, use, and disposition. Multiple data collection techniques were employed. Findings suggest that in developing records management policy and guidelines, one size will not fit all agencies. A range of situational factors appear to affect the success with which records management is accomplished in the various agencies. Additional research is needed to continue to test and refine these situational factors. Future records management policies and guidelines, however, may wish to consider such situational factors to increase the overall effectiveness of records management.     

美国南康州大学的图书馆学远程教育及其对中国的启示

本文介绍了美国南康州大学图书馆学情报学远程教育的情况。分析了远程教育的睨势和不足．同时对中国发展图书馆学远程教育提出了建议。参考文献4。表3。图1。     

The e-book management framework: The management of e-books in academic libraries and its challenges

E-book management in academic libraries is examined, and a framework of the stages in the e-book management process is generated; the framework summarizes the key activities and associated issues and challenges for each stage. Academic libraries are one of the main markets for textbooks and other e-books. As such, the relationships that they forge with e-book vendors (publishers and aggregators), and the resolution of some of the challenges that they currently face in managing their collections of e-books, will have significant consequences for the adoption of e-books in learning. An interview-based study with a purposive sample of interviewees working as managers, subject librarians, metadata officers, and e-resources coordinators from seven academic libraries in the UK was conducted to investigate the libraries' experiences and perceptions of e-book management. The resultant e-book management framework identifies the processes associated with the management of e-books, and also offers insights into the challenges and issues associated with each stage. The stages in the framework are: collection development policy, budget, discovery, evaluation and selection, license negotiations, cataloging and delivery, marketing/promotion, user education, monitoring and reviewing, and renewals and cancellation.     

Audience reactions to the use of direct and personal disparaging humor in informative public address

In this study 126 subjects were exposed to one of three versions of a speech on “Effective Listening.” In one version no humor was added to the speech. In the other versions examples of direct and personal self and other‐disparaging humor were included in the presentation. Subjects rated the message and the message source on a number of dependent variables. Data, in general, suggest that those speakers who use direct and personal disparaging humor of any kind are rated as having a better sense of humor than those speakers who use no humor. Further, the use of self‐disparaging humor serves to reduce ratings of expertness while the use of other‐disparaging humor produced lower ratings of character.     

基于共词分析法的学科关联分析 ——以图书情报学、经济学与管理学为例

图书情报学、经济学与管理学作为有一定相关度的社会科学,学科间知识渗透愈加明显.为研究这三个学科间的关联,使用在情报学研究中广泛应用的共词分析法,构造三学科的共现关键词集.抽取高频共现关键词进行分析,利用VOSviewer构建学科交叉知识图谱,计算出学科间Pearson相关系数,指出三学科间关联的内容、强度与变化趋势.     

我国台湾地区图书情报专业e-learning教学现状与启示

作为基于网络环境的全新教学方式,e-learning在图书情报学教育中发挥着日益重要的作用.文章基于调查我国台湾地区图书情报类院系e-learning教学的应用概况,并以政治大学图书资讯学与档案学研究所为案例,就e-learning课程设置、教学平台、教学资源、课程考核与要求、师资结构等情况进行深入分析.研究发现,我国台湾地区图书情报学e-learning教学的发展水平显著高于我国大陆,其主要用于研究生教育,多来自传统课程,注重结合传统教学手段,以综合性教学平台为支撑,课程对外开放度低.据此,提出我国大陆图书情报专业开展e-learning教学的若干建议.     

Disposition versus situation: Neurocommunlcology and the influence of trait apprehension versus situational factors on state public speaking anxiety

Research indicates that individuals with elevated levels of public speaking anxiety report significantly different mental representations of the public speaking context, when compared to individuals with lower levels of anxiety. To examine the effect of the differences in mental representations, narratives for three public speaking contexts were developed. Results indicated that disposition (i.e., trait apprehension) was a better predictor of state anxiety when giving an impromptu speech. Situational factors (i.e., importance, skills, impression), however, were better predictors of state anxiety when either giving a speech to a 5^th grade class or giving a speech to friends.     

应用网络信息计量指标测定我国图书情报学核心网站的实证研究

以国内7大类共275个图书情报学网站为研究样本,依据"相关网页数量"、"总入链数"、"网络影响因子"等定量指标,采用布拉德福定律方法、百分比补偿法和网络影响因子方法等信息计量方法,对我国图书情报学科的核心网站进行测定,并对不同方法所得的结果进行分析和讨论。实证研究的结果表明,网络影响因子等网络信息计量指标完全可以应用到网络信息资源评价当中。     

中美图书情报学研究生教育与培养比较研究：博士课程设置实例分析

本文运用实证方法,调查研究了中国与美国40所拥有图书情报学专业的院校,收集并整理了其中27所拥有图书情报学博士授予权的院校博士课程设置的相关数据,分析了中国与美国图书情报学博士课程设置的特色。在比较分析了两国课程的基础上,总结了两国博士教育与培养的现状与发展趋势。     

近五年图书情报信息资源共建共享论文分析研究

统计了近五年（2000～2004年）图书情报信息资源共建共享研究论文,分析了论文的时序分布、期刊分布、作者分布、主题内容特征以及研究的过去、现状及发展趋势.     

iSchools年会研讨热点分析及对我国图书情报学教育的启示

本文以美国iSchools联盟年会iConference的会议论题作为研究对象,利用词频统计、聚类分析和内容分析法对2008～2010年3届iConference会议文献的关键词做了统计分析,从中总结出五大年会研讨热点为数字图书馆、社群信息学、图书情报学教育、信息技术与系统以及信息组织。最后,基于该热点总结,从学科整合、课程设置、合作模式三方面探讨对我国图书情报学教育的启示。     

The use of personal digital assistants in the health sciences: results of a survey.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study is to determine how personal digital assistants (PDAs) are used on an academic health sciences campus to define the level of training and support the library can provide to the students and faculty. METHOD: A Web-based questionnaire was developed. A total of 1,538 health sciences faculty and residents were sent an email message requesting participation. Data from the returned surveys were analyzed with SPSS. RESULTS: Sixty-one percent of survey respondents used PDAs. The address book, date book, and calculator were the most common uses reported for PDAs. Residents also reported a high use of drug databases on their PDAs. Most survey respondents indicated they would like to learn more about clinical resources for PDAs. CONCLUSIONS: Many opportunities exist for librarians to provide training and support for PDAs, in addition to evaluation and promotion of clinical software for PDAs.     

Learning to use the Internet as a study tool: a review of available resources and exploration of students' priorities

BACKGROUND: The Internet is a valuable information tool, but users often struggle to locate good quality information from within the vast amount of information available. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to identify the online information resources available to assist students develop Internet searching skills, and to explore the students' priorities in online guides. METHODS: A qualitative approach was adopted with two phases. The first was a structured search of available online study skills resources. The second comprised 10 group interviews with a total of 60 students at all stages of five undergraduate health and social care related courses at a UK university. RESULTS: The study found that there were good online guides available, but that, perversely, the better guides tended to require the best searching skills to locate them. A few students were enthusiastic about using online support, however the majority felt that if they had the skills to locate such resources they wouldn't use a study guide to improve these skills, and if they did not have the skills they would not think of using an online guide to develop them. CONCLUSIONS: Students wanted assistance when they had problems or questions, rather than sites that offered structured learning experiences. Personal support rather than virtual support was also considered to be most important to the students in this study.     

Personal factors and personal information activities behaviors of faculty in selected universities in Ghana

This study examined how demographic characteristics of faculty influence their personal information activities behaviors, namely information creation, information organization, and information storage. Data was collected from a sample of 235 faculty in six universities in Ghana using a questionnaire. Age, gender, rank and university of affiliation predicted personal information activities behaviors in different directions and with different magnitudes. Gender made a difference in information organization and information storage while age made a difference in respect of information creation and information organization only. Faculty ages 4049 years created information the most, followed by those above 50 years. Males stored information more than females. Rank made a difference in information creation, organization and storage, but university of affiliation made a difference in information creation and information storage, and not information organization. It is common among information system designers and managers to implement information management systems without considering the differential influence of personal variables on human information behaviors. This omission denies information users adequate access and maximum use of the information in their information space. Institutional leaders and PIM systems designers should consider demographic and other personal factors of faculty in information literacy programs. Profiling of users' personal characteristics when designing personal information management systems will enhance maximum access and utilisation of personal information.     

国家基金项目视域下图情档学科研究现状、热点及趋势分析

本文以2010-2019年间国家基金项目为研究对象,采用文献计量法、词频分析法对图情档学科立项项目年度数量演变、项目类型分布、项目核心研究机构分布、核心研究人员分布及项目名称关键词进行统计分析。研究结果表明:图书情报与档案管理学科的国家基金立项数量呈上升趋势,研究主题在坚守传统重点内容的同时又关注新兴研究热点,发展趋势呈现出围绕智能化信息技术、紧跟时代特征、融合多学科研究的特点。     

Effect of request type and situational features on negative politeness in requests

Politeness Theory (Brown & Levinson, 1987) implies that the negative politeness in requests should increase with the degree of threat to the hearer's negative face. The present study asked whether this effect depends on the type of request being made. Participants produced either borrow requests or stop action requests in situations that involved either a high threat or low threat to the hearer's face. As hypothesized, greater face threat produced more negative politeness (apologies and promises) in borrow requests but not in stop action requests.     

人事档案管理中若干误区评析

1、唯保密、封闭管理论 在以阶级斗争为纲及计划经济的岁月里,人事档案是不可告人的秘密,是很神秘的;受其影响,档案材料只要进入了人事档案室,就实行封闭式管理,密级自然提高,必须严格保密,不得有只字泄露.唯保密论的认识,也就形成了档案干部只要看好门、守住摊、不丢失,就是好档案干部的观念.事实上,人事档案材料与其它档案材料一样,其保密性,是根据国家的有关规定而制定的,有的材料是没有密级的,不能因保管部门的不同,而使密级有别,人事档案材料的密级也遵循一般材料密级递减的规律,随着时间的推移,其密级不断降低,直至解密.     

Communicating about gifts of life: the effect of knowledge, attitudes, and altruism on behavior and behavioral intentions regarding organ donation

Much of the limited literature on organ donation has focused on the demographic and psychographic profiles of people who are willing to become organ donors. More information about the relationship of attitudes, values, knowledge, and actual behavior among adults is needed if targeted communication campaigns promoting organ donation are to succeed. The results of a mail survey of 798 adults sampled (via stratified random sampling procedures) from two local sites of a national corporation suggest that attitudes toward donation, knowledge about organ donation, altruism, and perceived social norms are significantly associated with both actual behavior (having signed an organ donor card) and behavioral intent (among non-donors) to sign a card in the future. These findings support the major models of organ donation willingness, especially those advanced by Horton and Horton (1991) and Kopfman (1994). This study also advances current knowledge of organ donation willingness by 1) using a large, relatively diverse population of adults rather than relying on a student sample; and 2) focusing on specific knowledge barriers that distinguish donors from non-donors.     

美国图书馆学情报学专业的课程调整与新课程模块

本文介绍了近年来美国图书馆学情报学专业的课程调整情况,并重点介绍了几所大学的图书馆学情报学专业的核心课程与新课程模块.