Effect of thiazide drug compound on the testicular protein and cholesterol contents of albino rat

In this study the effect of thiazide diuretic compound on the protein and cholesterol contents in the testes of albino rats as the experimental model. The drug thiazide was administered orally daily for 10,20 and 30 days at the dose of 100mg/kg body weight. Total protein decrease in the testes of rats were evidenced may be due to the side effects of thiazide drug compound which is linked with the hyponatremia and protein metabolism. An elevated level of cholesterol contents observed in thiazide treated rats also revealed that the side effect of drug compound thiazide and also may be due to the stimulation of catecholamine which is stimulated therefore, the biochemical estimation such as protein and cholesterol in the testes after the thiazide treatment determined the effectiveness of diuretic drug compound would provide clinical evidences of their side effects.     

浙江瑶坑碱性花岗岩体的年代学、地球化学及其成因与构造指示意义

瑶坑岩体位于闽浙交界沿海地区,是闽浙沿海晚中生代A型花岗岩带中的一个典型碱性花岗岩体.锆石LA-ICPMS U-Pb同位素定年表明,该岩体的形成年龄为91.3±2.5 Ma（MSWD=3.7,2σ）,属晚白垩世岩浆活动的产物.岩石发育特征的微文象结构和晶洞构造,含有典型的碱性铁镁矿物钠铁闪石.地球化学上,该岩体富硅、碱,贫钙、镁,富K、Rb、Cs、Th、U,贫Sr、Ba、P、Ti、Sc.其Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf和Ga等元素的含量也较高,（Ga/Al）×10^4值变化于3.64～4.41,并具显著的铕负异常（δEu=0.15～0.20）.与闽浙沿海A型花岗岩带中的其它岩体相比,瑶坑岩体具有偏高的εNd（t）值（=-0.7～-1.4）和偏低的二阶段Nd模式年龄（t2DM=0.95Ga～1.01Ga）,指示幔源组分对该岩体的形成具有更重要的贡献.在A型花岗岩亚类的判别上,瑶坑岩体以较低的Y/Nb比值和较高的Nb/Ta比值相似于Eby（1992）区分的A.型花岗岩,而明显有别于岩带主体属A2型的特点.岩石产出构造背景及地球化学特征的综合分析表明,多组深断裂交汇,进而引发多量幔源组分参与成岩过程,是导致瑶坑岩体元素-同位素组成与区内其它同类岩体有较明显差别的主要原因.     

我国乳酸菌饮料产业化现状及发展策略

本文首先阐述了乳酸菌饮料概念、分类和保健功能,分析了乳酸菌饮料制作工艺,并结合国内外乳酸菌饮料市场分析、发展情况以及国内乳酸菌饮料市场存在的问题和弊端,提出了我国乳酸菌饮料发展战略。     

Serum levels of bone alkaline phosphatase in breast and prostate cancers with bone metastasis

BALP activity in the sera of metastatic patients of breast and prostate malignancy has increased significantly. Our studies with patients in India conform the earlier reports that BALP may have a useful complementary role in the early diagnosis of bone metastases.     

云南永平卓潘新生代碱性杂岩体的元素地球化学和Nd-Sr-Pb同位素特征及地质意义

云南永平卓潘碱性杂岩体是金沙江-哀牢山富碱斑岩带中的重要岩体,位于兰坪走滑拉分盆地西部.该岩体的主要岩石类型为辉石正长岩、正长岩和霞石正长岩等.岩石地球化学显示高碱、高K2O/Na2O比值、低TiO2、高Al2O3的超钾质钾玄岩系列岩石.微量元素表现为富集K、Rb、Sr、Ba等大离子亲石元素（LILE）,亏损Ta、Nb、Ti、P、Zr等高场强元素（HFSE）,表现为明显的“Ta-Nb-Ti”负异常,同时富集过渡性元素Cr、Ni、Co等.稀土元素为稀土总量高,富集LREE、（La/Yb）N比值高、Eu异常不明显为特征.（^87 Sr/^86 Sr）i比值为0.707611～0.709167、εNd（t）值为-4.89～-6.57,206Pb/204Pb变化于18.6886～18.7022、207Pb/204Pb变化于15.6169～15.63493、208Pb/204Pb变化于38.7972～38.8927,显示岩浆源区具有富集地幔（EM Ⅱ）与下地壳共同作用的壳幔过渡带特征,构造环境判别为大陆弧（CAP）环境.岩体是在碰撞造山过程中大陆板片俯冲,使曾经遭受古洋壳板片流体强烈交代的壳幔过渡带在上升的软流圈熔体的注入而发生部分熔融,在走滑拉分盆地的核心部位沿构造断裂上升侵位而形成.     

Effect of fangchinoline on oxidant status in male albino rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes

BackgroundDiabetes is a metabolic disorder caused by defects in insulin production and activity. During disease progression, changes in lipid peroxidation cause structural modifications via production of free radicals. Fangchinoline is a well-known alkaloid present in Stephaniae tetrandrine S. Moore, which has demonstrated antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory activities.ResultsThe present study analyzed the anti-diabetic and antioxidant effects of fangchinoline in male rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Rats were divided into the following groups: normal control, diabetic, diabetic + fangchinoline 100 mg/kg, diabetic + fangchinoline 200 mg/kg and diabetic + glibenclamide 600 µg/kg. The treatment was administered orally for 45 consecutive days. Lipid peroxidation was substantially increased by >50% in the serum, as well as the liver, kidney, and heart tissues of diabetic rats. However, fangchinoline supplementation significantly reduced lipid peroxidation to near normal levels. Reactive oxygen species levels were substantially increased by >500% in the serum, as well as the liver, kidney, and heart tissues of diabetic rats. Fangchinoline supplementation reduced reactive oxygen species to near normal levels. Fangchinoline supplementation significantly improved superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and reduced glutathione levels in diabetic rats. Total hexoses, sialic acid, hexosamines, and fucose were increased in diabetic rats, whereas fangchinoline supplementation significantly reduced these total hexoses, sialic acid, hexosamines, and fucose to near normal levelsConclusionsSupplementation with fangchinoline led to significant attenuation of the levels of lipid peroxidation, ROS, and glycoprotein components such as total hexoses, hexosamines, sialic acid, and fucose, while improving antioxidant marker levels.How to cite: Xia J, Huang W, Zhou F. Effect of fangchinoline on oxidant status in male albino rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Electron J Biotechnol 2021;53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2021.07.005     

新疆萨惹什克锡矿与萨北碱性A型花岗岩成因关系的年代学制约

新疆东准噶尔地区的萨惹什克锡矿呈脉状产于萨北花岗岩体中。对于这种脉状矿床，成岩和成矿近时性的时间制约是证明矿床与围岩有成因关系的首要证据。萨北岩体由含碱性铁镁矿物的碱性花岗岩组成，全岩地球化学结果显示，碱性花岗岩具高碱、低Ca，明显富集稀土元素、高场强元素（zr，Hf，Nb，Ta，Y）和大离子亲石元素（Rb，Th，U），而强烈亏损Sr，Ba，Eu，属于典型的碱性A型花岗岩。锡矿脉由占绝对优势的锡石和石英组成，受北东和近东西向的断裂破碎带控制。原有研究证实，形成该锡矿床的成矿流体属于具高温、低盐度和低密度的岩浆水。据此并结合锡矿体的围岩性质，前人认为锡矿床与碱性花岗岩有成因联系。但是，由于分析技术和样品选择上的制约，萨北岩体成岩和萨惹什克锡矿成矿的确切时代一直没有得到合理的解决。本文报道了我们最近获得的碱性花岗岩锆石IA-ICP-MS U-Pb和锡矿石辉钼矿Re-0s同住素年龄（分别为306±3Ma和307±11Ma）。上述结果表明，萨北碱性花岗岩和萨惹什克锡矿石属于同期地质事件的产物，从而为两者具有密切成因联系提供了重要的年代学制约。此外，根据碱性花岗岩的БNd（t）（=＋5.0）低于研究区亏损地幔4.5个Б单位，我们认为形成萨北岩体的花岗岩浆不是直接来源于亏损地幔玄武质岩浆结晶分异作用的产物，而更可能是起源于本区年轻洋壳和陆源沉积物的部分熔融。     

家蚕雌蛾粉对雌性幼鼠的药理作用研究

给雌性幼鼠灌胃不同剂量的家蚕雌蛾粉,通过对小鼠自主活动次数、扭体反应次数、入睡潜伏期、睡眠时间、游泳存活时间、体重、子宫卵巢系数等指标的考察,研究家蚕雌蛾粉对雌性幼鼠的药理作用。发现家蚕雌蛾粉可以显著减少雌性幼鼠的自主活动次数,缩短戊巴比妥钠引起的入睡潜伏期并延长睡眠时间,减少由冰醋酸引起的扭体次数,延长游泳存活时间,增加体重,提高子宫卵巢系数,表现出明显的镇静、镇痛、催眠、提高耐力、促进生长和生殖器官发育等作用。结果显示,家蚕雌蛾粉具有很好的药用开发价值。     

Metagenomics approach to identify lignocellulose-degrading enzymes in the gut microbiota of the Chinese bamboo rat cecum

BackgroundLignocellulose is considered a renewable organic material, but the industrial production of biofuel from lignocellulose is challenging because of the lack of highly active hydrolytic enzymes. The guts of herbivores contain many symbiotic microorganisms that have evolved to hydrolyze plant lignocellulose. Chinese bamboo rats mainly consume high-fiber foods, indicating that some members of the intestinal tract microbiota digest lignocellulose, providing these rats with the energy required for growth.ResultsHere, we used metagenomics to analyze the diversity and functions of the gut microbiota in Chinese bamboo rats. We identified abundant populations of lignocellulose-degrading bacteria, whose main functions involved carbohydrate, amino acid, and nucleic acid metabolism. We also found 587 carbohydrate-active enzyme genes belonging to different families, including 7 carbohydrate esterase families and 21 glycoside hydrolase families. The glycoside hydrolase 3, glycoside hydrolase 1, glycoside hydrolase 43, carbohydrate esterase 4, carbohydrate esterase 1, and carbohydrate esterase 3 families demonstrated outstanding performance.ConclusionsThe microbes and enzymes identified in our study expand the existing arsenal of proficient degraders and enzymes for lignocellulosic biofuel production. This study also describes a powerful approach for targeting gut microbes and enzymes in numerous industries.How to cite: Bai D, Lin X, Hu Y, et al. Metagenomics approach to identify lignocellulose-degrading enzymes in the gut microbiota of the Chinese bamboo rat cecum. Electron J Biotechnol 2021;50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2020.12.001     

基于高新技术产业的科技金融政策作用路径与效果评价研究

为给政府制定更有效的科技金融政策提供参考,构建科技金融政策效果评价模型,以广东省为例客观评估科技金融政策效果。实证结果表明,广东省科技金融发展水平从2006—2016年是不断上升的,其中,金融环境和科技投入受宏观经济影响波动较大,科技产出一直是保持稳定增长。     

碘酸钾和碘化钾对大鼠肝脏SIRT1 mRNA表达的影响

目的:观察不同剂量的碘酸钾和碘化钾对大鼠肝脏SIRT1基因表达的影响。方法:根据喂养碘剂和剂量不同将Wistar大鼠随机分为8组,即:适碘组(KI、KIO3),10倍高碘组(10KI、10KIO3)、50倍高碘组(50KI、50KIO3),100倍高碘组(100KI、100KIO3)。喂养半年后,利用实时荧光定量PCR(Real-time PCR)分析大鼠肝脏SIRT1基因表达水平。结果:适碘组中,SIRT1在KI组中的mRNA表达量高于KIO3组,P<0.05;10倍剂量组中,SIRT1在10KI组中的基因表达水平明显高于10KIO3,P<0.01;50倍和100倍剂量组中,SIRT1的基因表达量在两种不同碘剂组中没有统计学差异,P>0.05;不论摄入何种碘剂,SIRT1在高剂量碘组中的基因表达量均高于适碘组。结论:高剂量的碘化剂和碘酸钾均可上调大鼠肝脏SIRT1基因表达量,肝脏SIRT1基因的表达上调可能是机体改善高碘致高脂血症的一种重要的分子机制。     

Effect of latent iron deficiency on GABA and glutamate neuroreceptors in rat brain

Eight weeks of latent iron deficiency in weaned female rats of Sprague Dawley strain maintained on experimental low-iron diet (18–20 mg/kg) did not significantly change the gross body, weight and tissue weights of brain and liver. Packed cell volume (PCV) and hemoglobin concentration remained unaltered. However, non-heme iron content in liver and brain decreased significantly (p<0.001). The activities of glutamate dehydrogenase, glutamic acid decarboxylase, and GABA-transaminase (GABA-T) in brain decreased by 15%, 11.4% and 25.7% respectively. However, this decrease was not statistically significant. Binding of³H Muscimol at pH 7.5 and 1 mg protein/assay increased by 143% (p<0.001) in synaptic vesicular membranes from iron-deficient rats as compared to the controls.³H glutamate binding to the synaptic vesicles was also carried out under similar condition. However, the L-glutamate binding was reduced by 63% in the vesicular membranes of iron deficient animals. These studies indicate that iron plays important functional role in both excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitter receptors.     

Effect of latent iron deficiency on gaba and glutamate neuroreceptors in rat brain

Eight weeks of latent iron deficiency in weaned female rats of Sprague Dawley strain maintained on experimental low-iron diet (18–20 mg/Kg) did not significantly change the gross body weight and tissue weights of brain and liver. Packed cell volume (PCV) and hemoglobin concentration remained unaltered. However, non-heme iron content in liver and brain decreased significantly (P<0.001). The activities of glutamate dehydrogenase, glutamic acid decarboxylase, and GABA-transaminase (GABA-T) in brain decreased by 15%, 11.4% and 25.7% respectively. However, this decrease was not statistically significant. Binding of³H Muscimol at pH 7.5 and 1 mg protein/assay increased by 143% (P<0.001) in synaptic vesicular membranes from iron-deficient rats as compared to the controls.³H glutamate binding to the synaptic vesicles was also carried out under similar condition. However, the L-glutamate binding was reduced by 63% in the vesicular membranes of iron deficient animals. These studies in dicate that iron plays an important functional role in both excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitter receptors.     

渤海滨海重黏性盐渍土淋溶过程中的盐碱变化

本文对渤海西岸重黏质盐渍土进行土柱淋溶脱盐过程的研究,结果表明:在淋溶过程中,随着土壤含盐量的下降,在整个过程中,Na+、Cl-随土壤含盐量的下降而下降;由于土壤盐离子的初始含量和迁移能力的不同,K+、Ca2+、Mg2+、SO42-的含量随淋溶水增加而减小,在淋溶水接近土壤质量后含量稳定;而HCO3-与其它离子不同,出现随淋溶液增加而缓慢增加的趋势。随着土壤盐离子的迁移,土壤的pH值随土壤含盐量的的减小而呈现增大的趋势,从原土的8.50增加到土壤含盐量为1.6g/kg时的9.86,并在土壤含盐量小于1g/kg后又略有下降,但仍保持在一个较高的水平上。淋溶实验表明,在滨海重黏性盐渍土的淋溶改良过程中,需要注意因脱盐而造成的土壤碱性增加的现象,控制淋溶水的数量和采取其他相应的降碱措施。     

硅酸盐-盐（硫酸盐）流体不混溶：蒙古南部Mushugai-Khuduk含火成碳酸岩杂岩体矿物中的熔体包裹体研究

Crystalline and melt inclusions were studied in garnet, diopside, potassium feldspar, and sphene from the garnet syenite porphyry of the carbonatite-bearing complex Mushugai-Khuduk, southern Mongolia. Phlogopite, clinopyroxene, albite, potassium feldspar, sphene, wollastonite, magnetite, Ca and Sr sulfates, fluorite, and apatite were identified among the crystalline inclusions. The melt inclusions were homogenized at 1010℃～1080℃ and analyzed on an electron microprobe. Silicate, salt, and combined silicate-salt melt inclusions were found. Silicate melts show considerable variations in SiO2 concentration （56 to 66wt% ）, high Na2O ＋ K20 （up to 17wt% ）, and elevated Zr, F, and Cl contents. In terms of bulk rock chemistry, the silicate melts are alkali syenites. During thermometric experiments, salt melt inclusions quenched into homogeneous glasses of predominantly sulfate compositions containing no more than 1.3wt% SiO2. These melts are enriched in alkalis, Ba, Sr, P, F, and Cl. The investigation of the silicate and salt melt inclusions in minerals of the garnet syenite porphyries indicate that these rocks were formed under influence of the processes of crystallization differentiation and magma separation into immiscible silicate and salt （sulfate）liquids.     

药品监管数字化的价值评估与实现途径

在深入剖解药品监管部门经费短缺且能力不足、制药企业刻意隐瞒、其他药评资料私密化等导致传统药监实效不彰之动因的基础上,阐明大数据环境下广域数据挖掘在实现药监元数据巨量化、引领药效认知科学化、减少涉药违规行为等方面的重要价值,提出包括改进用药数据挖掘技术、构筑病患信息加密认证系统、完善相关政策法规、适用惩罚性赔偿制度及提高第三方公开药评的物质奖励等在内的一系列推进药品监管数字化的具体举措。     

噪声应激对大鼠血浆激素含量的影响

对大鼠分别进行80 dB和100 dB的噪声刺激,并在第1、5、10、15和20 d测定大鼠血浆中有关激素的含量。结果表明:噪声应激引起大鼠血浆中的皮质醇、去甲肾上腺素、肾上腺素、多巴胺及血管紧张素Ⅱ含量明显升高,特别是肾上腺素含量比对照组提高2.5倍。说明噪声应激不仅使下丘脑-垂体- 肾上腺系统、交感神经-肾上腺髓质系统这两条经典应激途径活动加强,而且还有海马与蓝斑-去甲肾上腺素系统、杏仁核促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素神经元和肾素-血管紧张素系统的参与,使“应激系统”的活动加强。这对应激作出生理反应具有重要意义,但若长期维持,最终导致“应激综合征”或生理心理疾病的发生。     

A biochemical study on the effect of Riboflavin on cataractous rat lenses. II Proteins and Glutathione

Proteins and glutathione (GSH) levels were estimated in the experimental groups. Levels of both proteins and glutathione in the control and the treated groups were found to be significantly decreased compared to the normal group. The results show that supplementation of riboflavin has beneficial effect by alleviating the oxidant injuries to GSH and proteins, which are involved in the maintenance of transparency and protection of thiol groups of the lens. Thus, riboflavin has an active role in the lens metabolism and has a potential to improve the metabolic activity of the cataractous lenses.