不同性别高职学生课外体育锻炼参与因素的现状调查研究

对海南省海口地区5所高职学生参加课外体育锻炼现状及影响因素进行了问卷调查,并采用卡方检验进行分析了不同性别高职学生课外体育锻炼的现状,剖析了制约海南高职学生参加课外体育锻炼的主要因素,提出了建立学生体育健康运动档案和体育健康运动奖励机制等建议,为促进海南高职学生课外体育锻炼的顺利开展提供了参考依据。     

对少数民族中青年职业妇女参加体育锻炼情况的分析与研究

为了提高少数民族妇女的身体素质，促进全民健身运动的开展，调查了广西百色市六县区少数民族中青年职业妇女参加体育锻炼的情况，对她们参加体育锻炼的喜欢程度、频度、时间、形式及影响因素进行全面分析，并在此基础上对该地区中青年妇女体育活动的开展提出可行性建议，旨在为今后少数民族地区体育的发展提供有益的参考。     

影响陕西省普通高校大学生体育锻炼因素的调查与分析

通过问卷调查法,对影响陕西省大学生参加体育锻炼的因素进行研究。发现:大学生普遍对体育锻炼不感兴趣;对体育锻炼缺乏正确的认识;没有形成良好的锻炼习惯;锻炼行为受到健康因素影响较大;教学内容枯燥、难度大和教师不了解学生心理等主要因素影响了大学生参加体育锻炼的行为。     

老年人的体育锻炼与身心健康

本文回顾了近十年来国外有关老年人的体育锻炼与身心健康方面的研究成果,具体讨论了老年人体育锻炼的生理心理效应,老年妇女与体育锻炼,老年人参加体育锻炼的动机以及影响老年人参加和坚持体育锻炼的因素等四个问题。     

老年人的体育锻炼与身心健康

本文回顾了近十年来国外有关老年人的体育锻炼与身心健康方面的研究成果,具体讨论了老年人体育锻炼的生理心理效应,老年妇女与体育锻炼,老年人参加体育锻炼的动机以及影响老年人参加和坚持体育锻炼的因素等四个问题。     

影响普通高校体育弱势群体因素的调查与分析

大学生体育弱势群体参加体育锻炼的行为受多种因素的影响．主要从心理因素、健康因素和教学因素对体育弱势大学生进行调查。发现体育弱势大学生普遍对体育锻炼不感兴趣，对体育锻炼缺乏正确的认识，没有形成良好的锻炼习惯；锻炼行为受健康因素的影响较大；教学内容枯燥、难度大和教师不了解学生心理等主要因素影响了大学生参加体育锻炼的行为。     

对宁夏回族成年人参加体育锻炼情况的调查

采用问卷调查等研究方法，对宁夏不同地区780名回族成年人参加体育锻炼的情况进行了调查，了解了宁夏回族成年人参加体育锻炼的现状．并对影响宁夏回族成年人参加体育锻炼的因素进行了分析。     

汕尾地区不同年龄的老年女性体育生活方式调查研究

采用问卷调查、文献资料、访谈等方法,对汕尾地区不同年龄的老年女性在体育生活方式上现状与影响因素进行研究。预期结果为汕尾地区和欠发达地区相关体育部门开展和指导不同年龄的老年女性体育生活方式提供借鉴和理论依据。结果表明:老年女性体育动机呈现多元化需求,多数的老年女性喜欢与朋友一起在公园广场参与体育活动;有一半以上的老年女性达到体育人口标准;参加体育活动内容广泛,休闲体育少;体育消费层次较低,多数认为参加体育活动能增强体质效益。影响因素主要是受家居活动、天气变化、政府的体育服务不足、身体健康状况和其他情况。只有51-55岁和80岁以上的汕尾地区老年女性体育生活方式差异性较大,其他年龄段的差异性不大。     

湖南省老年人体育锻炼行为特征与影响因素——基于安德森健康行为模型

目前新冠疫情在全球肆虐,许多重症患者都是有基础疾病的老年人,老年人健康问题深受关注。本文基于安德森(Anderson)健康行为模型,运用卡方检验、Logistic回归的方法,描述湖南省老年人参与体育锻炼行为特征,分析影响老年人是否参加体育锻炼和参加体育锻炼频率的因素。研究表明:湖南省老年人锻炼行为特征中对体质健康监测和场地设施等公众服务体系的需求量非常大,影响老年人是否参加体育锻炼以及参加体育锻炼频率主要受年龄、教育、收入来源、健康信念、居住地类型、体育场地、组织和管理以及慢性病患病情况影响。     

影响大学生体育锻炼行为的家庭因素调查与分析

对影响大学生体育锻炼行为的家庭因素进行了调查与分析.研究结果表明:在影响因素中,父母参加锻炼状况与大学生体育锻炼行为的关系呈正相关,父母学历与大学生体育锻炼行为的关系呈现低度负相关;父母对子女参加体育锻炼的态度对大学生参加体育锻炼相关不密切;兄弟姐妹参加体育锻炼状况对大学生参加体育锻炼有正性影响;大学生的原居住地与其参加体育锻炼行为有一定相关.来自农村乡镇家庭的大学生体育锻炼情况优于居住地为城市的大学生;而对于同一居住地的大学生体育锻炼行为而言,男生的体育锻炼情况要明显优于女生.     

对我国高等院校体育俱乐部的研究

越来越多的高校以体育俱乐部的形式进行了教学改革,但目前对高校体育俱乐部的研究存在着概念模糊、分类不准确、定性不明确等问题,结合理论与实践对以上问题进行了分析,并提出了自己的见解。     

Changes in repeated-sprint performance in relation to change in locomotor profile in highly-trained young soccer players

Abstract

The aim of this study was to examine the effects of changes in maximal aerobic (MAS) and sprinting (MSS) speeds and the anaerobic reserve (ASR) on repeated-sprint performance. Two hundred and seventy highly-trained soccer players (14.5 ± 1.6 year) completed three times per season (over 5 years) a maximal incremental running test to approach MAS, a 40-m sprint with 10-m splits to assess MSS and a repeated-sprint test (10 × 30-m sprints), where best (RSb) and mean (RSm) sprint times, and percentage of speed decrement (%Dec) were calculated. ASR was calculated as MSS-MAS. While ?RSb were related to ?MSS and ?body mass (r² = 0.42, 90%CL[0.34;0.49] for the overall multiple regression, n = 334), ?RSm was also correlated with ?MAS and ?sum of 7 skinfolds (r² = 0.43 [0.35;0.50], n = 334). There was a small and positive association between ?%Dec and ?MAS (r² = 0.02 [?0.07;0.11], n = 334). Substantial ?MSS and ?MAS had a predictive value of 70 and 55% for ?RSm, respectively. Finally, ?ASR per se was not predictive of ?RSm (Cohen’s = +0.8 to ?0.3 with increased ASR), but the greater magnitude of ?RSm improvement was observed when MSS, MAS and ASR increased together (0.8 vs. +0.4 with ASR increased vs. not, additionally to MSS and MAS). Low-cost field tests aimed at assessing maximal sprinting and aerobic speeds can be used to monitor ?RS performance.     

论新生活运动正当娱乐中的体育

新生活运动历时15年,涉及到了国民生活的方方面面。娱乐作为生活的重要组成部分,也受到新生活运动的影响。为了纠正社会上根深蒂固的“烟”、“赌”和“娼”等不良风气,新生活运动组织十分重视对正当娱乐的提倡,对体育尤为重视。蒋介石本人在新生活运动周年纪念大会上专门提到过体育问题。体育活动曾被作为新生活运动的年度中心工作或者工作要点来开展。虽然最后对体育的提倡没有达到十分理想的效果,但确实引导了国民的健康观念。新生活运动组织还培养了数量不多的体育人员,为近代体育的发展注入了动力。     

2004年上海市竞技体育后备人才运动成绩比较分析

运用文献资料、专家访谈和数理统计研究方法,对上海市二、三线运动员2004年参加全国比赛前三名的成绩进行分析,并与部分省市二、三线运动员成绩比较。结果表明:上海市竞技体育后备人才部分项目在全国保持一定优势,但后备人才严重匮乏;未来几年比赛夺金人员缺乏;部分项目与其它省市有较大的差距;其它省市对上海优势项目构成较大威胁。     

武汉市城镇居民体育消费现状的调查与分析

运用问卷调查和文献资料等方法,对武汉市居民体育消费水平、体育消费结构、体育消费影响因素、体育消费发展趋势等进行了分析研究。结果表明:居民对体育的功能和作用有深刻认识,但由于经济因素和传统习惯等影响,保守性消费观念仍占主导地位;体育消费的绝对水平较10年前大幅增长,但相对水平涨幅不大。     

Physiotherapy in Critical Care in Australia

A physiotherapist is part of the multidisciplinary team in most intensive care units in Australia. Physiotherapists are primary contact practitioners and use a comprehensive multisystem assessment that includes the respiratory, cardiovascular, neurological, and musculoskeletal systems to formulate individualized treatment plans. The traditional focus of treatment has been the respiratory management of both intubated and spontaneously breathing patients. However, the emerging evidence of the longstanding physical impairment suffered by survivors of intensive care has resulted in physiotherapists re-evaluating treatment priorities to include exercise rehabilitation as a part of standard clinical practice. The goals of respiratory physiotherapy management are to promote secretion clearance, maintain or recruit lung volume, optimize oxygenation, and prevent respiratory complications in both the intubated and spontaneously breathing patient. In the intubated patient, physiotherapists commonly employ manual and ventilator hyperinflation and positioning as treatment techniques whilst in the spontaneously breathing patients there is an emphasis on mobilization. Physiotherapists predominantly use functional activities for the rehabilitation of the critically ill patient in intensive care. While variability exists between states and centers, Australian physiotherapists actively treat critically ill patients targeting interventions based upon research evidence and individualized assessment. A trend toward more emphasis on exercise rehabilitation over respiratory management is evident.Key Words: physiotherapy, intensive care     

Changes in leg kinematics in response to unpredictability in lateral jump execution

Abstract

Lateral movements like cutting are essential in many team sport disciplines. The aim of the present study was to analyse adaptations in motor control in response to task unpredictability during lateral movement execution. Twelve subjects performed lateral jumps with different landing modalities (stable, sliding or counteracting) that were either known (predictable setting) or unknown (unpredictable setting) prior to movement execution. Results revealed that regardless of the landing modality, hip joint abduction was significantly greater in the unpredictable compared to predictable setting. Furthermore, during the sliding landing modality, hip flexion decreased from 211 ± 7° to 207 ± 7° and knee flexion decreased from 26 ± 4° to 24 ± 4° at the instant of ground contact in the unpredictable compared to predictable condition. During the stable landing modality, the knee joint abduction increased from ?0.3 ± 6° to ?3 ± 6° after initial ground contact in the unpredictable compared to predictable setting. The present results support our hypothesis that pre-programmed motor activity depends on the predictability of the landing modality during lateral movements. According to its adaptation in the frontal plane and in some extent in the sagittal plane, the hip joint seems to play the major role in the modulation of the pre-programmed activity for successful lateral jump execution in an unpredictable setting. However, these kinematic adaptations are concerning since these changes were associated with higher knee abduction during the stable landing modality and therefore with possible higher risk of injury.     

论面向21世纪高等医学院校的体育改革

面对21世纪,高等医学院校体育教育改革应给学生全方位的体育教育,尤其要结合医学专业特点,提高选择和制定运动处方及指导监督他人体育健身康复的能力。     

“体育强市”视域下上海市公共体育服务研究

公共体育服务是上海“体育强市”建设的基础支撑.“十一五”时期,上海市公共体育服务制度化建设逐渐加强,便民化设施不断增多,系列化活动初具规模,但仍面临着“制度设计”执行不力、“多元主体”供给失衡、“以需定供”尚未畅通等困境.在建设“体育强市”的过程中,应夯实公共体育服务基础,丰富公共体育服务内涵,培育公共体育服务多元主体,构建公共体育服务评价机制.