迈克尔逊干涉仪测量激光波长的实验数据处理

本文选取迈克尔逊干涉仪测量激光波长的一组等间隔数据,通过运用简单平均法、逐差法、以及改进了的逐差法进行对照处理,阐明了等间隔数据处理更适宜采用改进了的逐差法。     

法布里-珀罗激光器在WDM-PON技术中的应用

波分复用无源光网络(WDM-PON)被誉为FTTH的最终解决方案,而法布里-珀罗激光器因其价格等优势在WDM-PON中具有非常好的应用前景。文章在介绍WDM-PON技术的基础上,重点介绍了法布里-珀罗激光器(F-P激光器)在WDM-PON中的应用。     

梅特勒-托利多赞助2011亚太测量(质量、力和扭矩)论坛

2011年9月19-22日,第10届亚太测量(质量、力和扭矩)论坛在西安召开。来自中国、日本、韩国、澳大利亚、印度、泰国、中国香港和台湾等国家和地区近60位计量测试研究领域的专家、学者参加会议。与会代表就近两年来在各自国家进行的有关质量、力值和扭矩方面的量值传递和测量技术的研究成果进行了广泛的讨论和交流。亚太测量(质量、力和扭矩)论坛由中国计量科学研究院和日本大阪技术研究所于1992年联合创立,每两年一届,在各国轮流举办。除学术报告外,每届论坛都设立优秀青年论文奖,     

溶胶-凝胶(Sol-Gel)技术在氧化物纤维中的应用

溶胶-凝胶(Sol-Gel)技术是一种很有发展前途的固体材料制备方法,已引起众多领域重视.简述了溶胶-凝胶技术的发展历史,总结了溶胶-凝胶技术的分类、原料以及无机盐和金属醇盐的水解反应机理,并概括了该技术的优点及存在的问题,着重介绍了溶胶凝胶技术在耐烧蚀陶瓷纤维、高温超导纤维、铁电压电纤维、磁性纤维等氧化物纤维制备方面的应用现状,并对溶胶-凝胶技术的未来发展进行了展望.     

Lost in diglossia? (Un-)doing difference by dealing with language variations in Swiss kindergartens

ABSTRACT

Language policy in German-speaking Swiss kindergartens recently has been subject to change. While dialect traditionally was spoken to kindergartners, the use of High German has been established to promote the integration of migrant children and equality of opportunity. In this contribution, we look at how kindergarten teachers translate the new diglossic language policy into language practices. Drawing on data from an ongoing ethnographic study, we examine four logics of language use concerning when to speak dialect or High German. As teachers’ use of language differs not only according to situations and pedagogical sequences but also due to children’s social and migrant backgrounds, we ask – drawing on the theoretical concept of (un-)doing difference – how different linguistic addressing reflects (and affects) children’s positions in the social order.     

Testing the usability of information technology applications with learners with special educational needs (SEN)

This paper reports on the 'usability' element of a study examining the development of a multimedia Learning Environment (LE) for Special Educational Needs (SEN) students, designed to match learner requirements to learning materials, as elicited from cognitive and accessibility profiles drawn up by teachers and learning support assistants. In developing the system, the researchers examined how usability tests could be undertaken that meaningfully involved people with cognitive disabilities. Methods were developed following interviews with staff and much observation of lessons involving the use of computers. The usability tests themselves consisted of a series of graded activities drawn from various SEN sources. They required only one or two actions – activating a mouse and/or guiding a cursor – for completion. The study highlighted a number of issues inherent in working with a user group comprising SEN students, including interpreting non-compliance and other behaviour patterns, making tasks meaningful, and accounting for the presence and degree of assistance given by a helper. Of particular interest was the issue of matching the intellectual level of tasks with the physical ease-of-use of the system. The paper suggests various methods for obviating problems elicited, and makes recommendations for the further development of computer-based activities designed to promote independent learning and inclusivity.     

多目标规划在储药柜设计中的应用

在设计储药柜最优化方案时将部分限制条件进行预先处理,从而降低0-1变量个数,引用0-1线性规划模型。在此基础上将问题转化为多目标规划模型,进而采用LINGO软件求解得到有5种槽宽,此模型及软件使优化问题得以合理解决,但与实际的差别较大。进一步利用聚类分析对槽高类别进行优化,然后通过聚类结果的比对得到答案槽高为7种,此方法能够直观看出各变量的关系,且结果精确。     

An experimental study of vocational guidance (and decision making) in Spain

This article describes the procedure and methodology for a vocational guidance programme framed within the most recent conceptualised as a systematic process of intervention, that gradually optimise the subjects’ vocational conduct. The programme was applied to a population of 192 subjects located in seven secondary schools in the city of Granada, with proven effectiveness of the interventions. The three objectives of the programmes applied concentrated on the increase in the optimisation of self-awareness and self-concept for the subjects, training in strategies for searching for information, and training in decision-making.     

丹参植株对亚硒酸钠和硒酸钠的吸收和积累

为了解丹参植株对不同价态无机硒的吸收积累情况,采用田间栽种叶面喷施亚硒酸钠和硒酸钠水溶液的方式,分别设置空白对照组和喷施Se质量浓度为0.060、0.120、0.240g/L的剂量组,每1种处理重复3次,在丹参盛花期间隔10d喷施2次。采用氢化物发生-原子荧光法测定丹参植株根、茎、叶和土壤中的硒含量。结果表明,丹参植株硒含量随喷施剂量的增加而增加,但增加量与喷施剂量增加不成正比;硒在丹参植株中的含量为茎最高,叶次之,根最低,部分硒经植株迁移交换到土壤,土壤中硒含量与喷施剂量成正相关;喷施硒酸钠的丹参根及对应土壤中硒含量高于喷施亚硒酸钠的丹参根和土壤,而茎和叶中的含量低于喷施亚硒酸钠的实验组。该现象表明硒酸钠比亚硒酸钠在丹参植株-土壤系统中有更好的迁移性。叶面喷施2种价态的无机硒均能有效增加丹参植株的硒含量,选择何种作为补硒试剂还需结合对植株硒的形态分析结果进行综合考虑。     

虚拟现实技术在地理野外实习中的应用

虚拟现实技术的卓越三维显示和动态交互能力,为地理野外实习提供了新的研究手段和方向。分析了现在地理野外实习中遇到的问题,提出了虚拟地理实习的构想,探讨了虚拟地理实习设计的总体框架和具体关键技术,结合实例阐述了虚拟地理野外实习的优越性,并讨论了虚拟地理实习与实地野外实习的关系。     

Optimization of succinic acid fermentation with Actinobacillus succinogenes by response surface methodology (RSM)

Succinic acid is considered as an important platform chemical. Succinic acid fermentation with Actinobacillus succinogenes strain BE-1 was optimized by central composite design (CCD) using a response surface methodology (RSM). The optimized production of succinic acid was predicted and the interactive effects between glucose, yeast extract, and magnesium carbonate were investigated. As a result, a model for predicting the concentration of succinic acid production was developed. The accuracy of the model was confirmed by the analysis of variance (ANOVA), and the validity was further proved by verification experiments showing that percentage errors between actual and predicted values varied from 3.02% to 6.38%. In addition, it was observed that the interactive effect between yeast extract and magnesium carbonate was statistically significant. In conclusion, RSM is an effective and useful method for optimizing the medium components and investigating the interactive effects, and can provide valuable information for succinic acid scale-up fermentation using A. succinogenes strain BE-1.     

Evidence of impact: Transforming teacher education with preparing tomorrow's teachers to teach with technology (PT3) grants

This article uses the framework of technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK; Mishra & Koehler, 2006) to analyze findings across projects from the U.S. Department of Education's Preparing Tomorrow's Teachers to Use Technology (PT3) initiative. Approaches such as mentoring methods course faculty, teachers, and creating technology-rich instructional materials were associated with increases in preservice teachers' technological knowledge and their frequency of technology-rich instruction during field experiences. Lastly, the authors provide implications and directions for future analyses of technology integration efforts.     

Creating (in) equalities in access to higher education in the context of structural adjustment and post-adjustment policies: the case of chile

By analyzing the access of different socio-economic groups to post-secondary institutions by quintile, this paper examines the impact produced by higher education financing policies in Chile during the Pinochet (1973–1990), the Aylwin (1990–1994) and the Frei (1994–2000) administrations. To this purpose, CASEN databases and semi-structured interviews conducted with former and current government officials as well as higher education administrators provide valuable information to measure the impact that higher education financing policies had on different socio-economic groups. Access to post-secondary institutions is seen in relation to two aspects: (a) enrollment rates by type of institution and sector and (b) access of students (18–24 year-old group) by family per capita income level. Major conclusion set up that despite increased participation across all socio-economic groups within the post secondary system, upper and upper-middle income students gained access to higher education disproportionately compared to lower, lower-middle, and middle income groups during the 1987–1998 period.