The Conditional and Interaction Effects of Epistemological Beliefs on the Self-Regulated Learning of College Students: Motivational Strategies

This study examines the conditional and interaction effects of each of four dimensions of the epistemological beliefs of college students regarding the ability to learn, the speed of learning, the structure of knowledge, and the stability of knowledge on six measures of the motivational components of self-regulated learning strategies (intrinsic goal orientations, extrinisic goal orientation, task value, self-efficacy, control of learning and test anxiety). Students with more sophisticated beliefs about the nature of knowledge and learning were more likely than their peers to use educationally productive motivational strategies in their learning. Beliefs about one’s ability to learn and the structure of knowledge had the most significant and substantial effects on students’ use of self-regulated motivational strategies. Although a student’s belief about the stability of knowledge by itself had a statistically significant effect on only one motivational strategy, this belief did have four statistically significant interaction effects with beliefs about ability to learn and the structure of knowledge. Implications of these findings for theory, research, policy and practice are examined.     

Perceived Classroom Control,Self-Regulated Learning Strategies,and Academic Achievement

Relations between perceived classroom control, self-regulation strategies and academic achievement were investigated in a sample of 302 sixth grade students. Four distinct perceived classroom control styles were determined, based on the balance between teacher and student control over learning. It was hypothesised that student mathematics achievement would be contingent on the combined effects of teacher and student control: it would be highest when both teacher and student control is high, and would be lowest when both of them are low. Student adoption of self-regulated learning strategies would be linked to the net effect of student control: they would be highest when student control is high and teacher control is low, and would be lowest when teacher control is high and student control is low. The data tended to support these hypotheses, indicating that both achievement and self-regulation strategies were contingent on classroom processes.     

The Relationship between Motivational Beliefs and Learning Strategy Use among Norwegian College Students

We studied how motivational beliefs were related to learning strategy use in 176 Norwegian college students who were in the second year of their teacher training. Students' implicit theories of intelligence, self-efficacy beliefs, and learning strategy use were assessed by self-report instruments. It was found that students who conceived of intelligence as a relatively modifiable quality reported using more strategies than students who had doubts about the modifiability of intelligence. However, the relation between students' theories of intelligence and their learning strategy use varied with the way their theories of intelligence were assessed, with only indirect questions about the modifiability of intelligence yielding a positive relation. Regression analysis and group comparisons suggested that beliefs in the modifiability of intelligence may override the contribution of self-efficacy to students' use of learning strategies. With this study, relations previously emphasized within American theory and research are extended to college students in a different cultural context.     

A Survey on the Relationship between Learning Beliefs and Learning Strategies

With the shift of the concept of English teaching, learning beliefs and learning strategies are increasingly attracting researchers＇ attention. This study, based on a questionnaire, centered on the current situation of learning beliefs and learning strategies used by three-year college students. The result shows： （1） the students have the strongest form-focused beliefs and most disagree with using-mother tongue beliefs. （2） In the practical learning activities, using-mother tongue strategies are most frequently used by students and the frequency of meaning-focused strategies is the lowest. （3） There are significant correlations between belief variables and strategy variables.     

Motivational Beliefs, Study Strategies, and Mathematics Attainment in High- and Low-Achieving Chinese Secondary School Students

In order to examine the relationship between cognitive and motivational variables and their relationship to mathematics attainment, Hong Kong-Chinese students enrolled in schools for high-, average-, and low-achievers completed questionnaires in Year 10 and in Year 11. Low-achievers perceived academic learning as being less useful over time and reported spending less time studying in Year 10 than in Year 11 but high- and low-achievers did not differ on their use of self-regulated learning strategies. Performance on the public examination in mathematics was predicted by prior achievement and Self-Concept of Mathematics Ability. Results underscore the importance of considering cultural beliefs systems and educational systems in models of academic motivation. Copyright 2000 Academic Press.     

Facilitating Self-Regulated Learning Skills and Achievement With a Strategic Content Learning Approach

Whether out of financial concerns for student retention or altruistic goals involving facilitating successful learning, efforts are being made to ensure college student success beyond chance independent study skills. Students often lack effective self-regulatory skills and study strategies necessary for success in college. With guidance through specific task-related learner activities, these skills may be enhanced. The current study investigated how student performance in an introductory psychology course at a midwestern community college might be impacted by a structured, content-learning approach engaging students in specific academic study skills activities. Results indicated that the intervention group performed significantly better across all three exam events and achieved higher semester course grades. Performance on the learning packet itself was positively correlated with exam performance.     

The Effects of Cooperative Mastery Learning Strategies on Mathematics Achievement

Abstract

This study investigated the effects of student-teams using mastery learning strategies (STML) on mathematics achievement of fifth-grade children (N = 134). The experiment used a 2 x 2 (Student Teams x Mastery Learning) factorial design. Results showed higher achievement gains for pupils exposed to STML than for those exposed through more traditional instruction. The data further indicated that learning in small groups promoted only computational skills whereas mastery learning strategies improved both computation and comprehension. In addition, the benefits of the methods for high-, medium-, and low-ability students were examined and discussed.     

论培养自主学习能力的英语教学SSBI模式构建

文章强调英语学习者树立正确学习观念的同时主要从风格、策略并举的融合式课堂教学模式（SSBI）中有意识地接受英语学习策略的指导培训,并主动利用各种策略积极参与课堂内外丰富多彩的英语活动,以期实现培养学生终身学习所需的自主学习能力目标。     

学习动机、外语学习策略与学习成绩之间的关系研究

通过对455 名本科大学生的学习动机状况和外语学习策略使用情况的测查,将教育心理研究中的动机构成因素和外语教学研究中具体运用的外语学习策略结合,探讨了学习动机、外语学习策略与学习成绩之间的关系。     

成就目标、自我效能、学习策略和学业成就的关系研究

对545名中学生进行测量，以探讨成就目标、自我效能、学习策略与学业成绩的关系。结果表明：掌握目标、成绩目标与自我效能、学习策略有显著的正相关，回避目标与自我效能、学习策略存在显著的负相关，自我效能与学习策略有显著的正相关；掌握目标、自我效能和学习策略与学业成绩有显著的正相关，而回避目标与学业成绩则有显著的负相关；学习策略直接影响学业成绩，成就目标和自我效能对学业成绩的影响是间接的。     

模糊容忍度与英语学习策略及学习成绩的关系

由于英汉语言的差异,英语学习者不可避免地要面对普遍存在的模糊情景。作为学习者因素之一——模糊容忍度——影响着学生学习策略的选择、学习成绩,呈正相关关系,高模糊容忍度的学生会有选择性地使用学习策略,学习成绩更好。因此,教师探索模糊容忍度与英语学习策略及学习成绩的关系,既可以丰富英语教学的领域,也能了解学习者因素之间的内在机制以及提高学生英语学习的效率。     

学生自我调节学习能力的发生条件与教学培养策略

自我调节学习能力的发生条件包括必要和支持性条件,必要条件为元认知知识和元认知体验,支持性条件主要为动机及相关变量。学生自我调节学习能力的教学培养策略主要有:使学生自觉构建学习目标,增强学生对他人及自己认识过程的意识,增强对认识过程的有意识控制,培养和激发学习动机。     

基于ARCS动机设计模式的成人学习动机策略初探

ARCS动机设计模式是教学设计中学习动机的激励模型。虽然成人学习者的学习动机具有主动性等特点,但是大部分成人学习者在其学习过程中,需要正确的引导和激励,从而增强学习动机。文章基于ARCS动机设计模式理论,结合成人学习者的动机特点,对成人学习的动机策略进行了初步探讨。     

初中生数学成就动机与自我调节学习及学业成就之关系研究

一些学者对初中生数学成就动机与自我调节学习及学业成就之间的关系进行了相关研究,但研究多有片面之处,因此,对这3个方面进行整合的实证研究是十分必要的.成就动机是取得成功或实现一个渴望的目标的倾向性或内部动因.数学自我效能感与数学学业成就存在显著正相关,对数学学业成就有显著的回归效应.自我调节学习行为对数学学业成就存在显著的回归效应.认知策略的使用与自我调节学习行为的关系是十分显著的.数学成就动机的各个方面都和自我调节学习存在一定关系.     

A Structural Equation Model of Parental Involvement,Motivational and Aptitudinal Characteristics,and Academic Achievement

The authors used the structural equation model (SEM) approach to test a model hypothesizing the influence of parental involvement on students' academic aptitudes, self-concept, and causal attributions, as well as the influence of the 3 variables on academic achievement. The theoretical model was contrasted in a group of 12- to 18-year-old adolescents (N = 261) attending various educational centers. The results indicate that (a) parental involvement had a positive and significant influence on the participant's measured characteristics; (b) causal attribution was not causally related to self-concept or academic achievement when the task involved finding causes for success, but, self-concept and causal attributions were found to be significantly and reciprocally related when the task involved finding causes accounting for failure; (c) self-concept was statistically and predominantly causally related to academic achievement, but not vice versa; and (d) aptitude and self-concept accounted for academic achievement, although the effect of self-concept was predominant. These results suggest that in adolescence, cognitive-affective variables become crucial in accounting for academic behavior.     

Exploring the Relationship between Calibration and Self-Regulated Learning

The calibration and self-regulated learning literatures were reviewed. Calibration is a measure of how accurately individuals assess their confidence in their own knowledge. Self-regulated learning is a process of developing goals, using strategies, and monitoring performance in order to complete tasks. Individual characteristics, self-testing, and feedback are common components of both calibration and self-regulated learning; however, the specific aspects of these components often differ. Different levels of calibration might suggest different applications of self-regulated learning or different phases in task completion or learning. Certain types of self-regulation might impact calibration. These reciprocal effects between calibration and self-regulation are unclear and should be evaluated. Determining whether self-regulated learners can and should become well calibrated also is an important instructional design issue. Suggestions for research are presented.     

Investigating Flipped Learning: Student Self-Regulated Learning,Perceptions, and Achievement in an Introductory Biology Course

In flipped classrooms, lectures, which are normally delivered in-class, are assigned as homework in the form of videos, and assignments that were traditionally assigned as homework, are done as learning activities in class. It was hypothesized that the effectiveness of the flipped model hinges on a student’s desire and ability to adopt a self-directed learning style. The purpose of this study was twofold; it aimed at examining the relationship between two variables—students’ perceptions of the flipped model and their self-regulated learning (SRL) behaviors—and the impact that these variables have on achievement in a flipped class. For the study, 76 participants from a flipped introductory biology course were asked about their SRL strategy use and perceptions of the flipped model. SRL strategy use was measured using a modified version of the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ; Wolters et al. 2005), while the flipped perceptions survey was newly derived. Student letter grades were collected as a measure of achievement. Through regression analysis, it was found that students’ perceptions of the flipped model positively predict students’ use of several types of SRL strategies. However, the data did not indicate a relationship between student perceptions and achievement, neither directly nor indirectly, through SRL strategy use. Results suggest that flipped classrooms demonstrate their successes in the active learning sessions through constructivist teaching methods. Video lectures hold an important role in flipped classes, however, students may need to practice SRL skills to become more self-directed and effectively learn from them.     

认知风格、学习策略与英语学习成绩的关系研究

认知风格、学习策略与外语学习密切相关。本研究以非英语专业本科学生为对象,通过调查发现,分属场独立-场依存认知风格的学习者在学习策略的选择方面没有显著差异,不同认知风格与学习策略的使用频率对英语学习成绩的交互效应不明显,英语学习成绩与整体学习策略与三类分策略,即认知、元认知、补偿策略有显著相关。