Principlism and the Ethics of Librarianship

Moral dilemmas are a seemingly intractable part of librarianship. Although professional codes of ethics offer some guidance as to the nature of librarians’ professional obligations, they are generally silent when it comes to moral decision making at the point of service. This article will argue that librarians must augment their normative professional codes with a rational decision procedure when faced with a moral dilemma involving a library service. In particular, the ethical approach of principlism—the dominant ethical approach in medical ethics—is well-suited to librarianship. Pursuant to the principlist approach, this article will qualify the nature of moral dilemmas, establish the limits of professional codes of ethics, identify a candidate set of core principles of library service, and outline the core principlist concepts of specifying obligations and balancing principles.     

美国黑人图书馆事业发展研究

美国黑人图书馆事业在整个美国图书馆事业中占有重要的地位。在黑人馆藏、黑人图书馆员及其教育、独立黑人图书馆、黑人图书馆专业组织及黑人图书馆事业研究等方面要素的推动下,美国黑人图书馆事业大致经历了萌芽、奠基、发展、转折和今天的繁荣时期,黑人图书馆事业的发展历程反映了美国不同历史时期社会对待种族问题的态度,是美国社会民主进程的一个缩影。     

Academic Librarianship Without the Degree: Examining the Characteristics and Motivations of Academic Library Professionals

Studies exploring librarians' backgrounds and career motivations frequently focus on all types of librarians or on students seeking degrees in librarianship. Investigating particular subsets of librarians is a field ripe for study. Here, we employed a survey of 193 academic library professionals, who are defined as those employed in professional positions in academic libraries but not possessing a graduate degree in librarianship. We found prior work in an academic library is a substantial motivating factor for entry into the field, as is also the case for traditional academic librarians who choose to attain a graduate degree in library science prior to obtaining a position in the library. The data also suggests that there are two main streams of entry for academic library professionals: those who are hired into functional positions that do not require a graduate degree in librarianship and those who hold paraprofessional titles that have taken on professional-level work. Finally, we found a majority of academic library professionals have no intention of, and do not see the value in, pursuing a graduate degree in librarianship.     

Choosing Academic Librarianship: An Examination of Characteristics and Selection Criteria

Studies exploring librarians' backgrounds and motivations frequently focus on all librarian-types or on students seeking a degree in librarianship. Investigating particular subsets of librarians is a field ripe for study. Here, we employed a survey of 1872 academic librarians who obtained a graduate degree in librarianship to examine their undergraduate education and their general career paths leading them to academic librarianship. The study found that over two-thirds of respondents sought a librarianship degree more than one year after obtaining their undergraduate degree. A large majority spent time in the workforce before seeking a librarianship degree, with exposure to work in a library or contact with a librarian remaining a major influence on the decision to enter the field.     

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该文介绍了国际图书馆学和比较图书馆学这两个概念的最初含义及发展变化，分析了造成混淆的原因，探讨了它们各自的科学定义，并对这两门学科不同的研究对象，研究方法和研究目的进行了界定。     

Chinese Studies Librarianship in North America

Although American libraries had begun collecting Chinese language materials in the 19th century, notably the United States Library of Congress in 1869, Yale in 1878, Harvard in 1879, and Berkeley in 1896, East Asian studies librarianship in North America, including China studies librarianship, was not fully developed until the 1960s. There was no formal organization that represented the interest of Chinese studies librarians because there were few of them and most of them were China scholars rather than trained librarians. More than 100 years later, the number of Chinese studies librarians in North America has increased considerably, primarily in response to the demand in the field of China studies and more recently to the needs of immigrant population and the general public who has an interest in China.This paper traces the history and growth of Chinese studies librarianship in North America, documents the development of the professional organization that represents Chinese studies librarians, and exami.     

20世纪50年代中苏图书馆事业交流及其影响研究

介绍20世纪50年代中苏两国在图书馆事业上交流的基本情况,在分析苏联图书馆事业管理思想和实践对我国图书馆事业、图书馆学研究及专业教育具体影响的基础上,全面评书这一时期的交流对我国当代图书馆事业发展的影响。     

中国图书馆学专业教育体制改革探讨

当前 ,图书馆学专业教育改革的背景复杂、多变。教育体制改革应遵循继承与发展相统一的原则、传统与现代相融合的原则、保持专业特色的原则、面向社会培养人才的原则。教改内容包括 :开展高等职业技术教育 ,改革本科教育 ,开展硕士———博士———博士后教育及专业硕士教育 ,等等。应实施图书馆从业人员资格认证制度。参考文献 6     

实证图书馆学的思考

在欧美图书馆界尤其是医学图书馆界的引领和国际图书馆学界、专业图书馆协会的推动下,实证图书馆学正成为图书馆学的主流范式。实证研究这一更注重科学性、实践性的方法,由于符合图书馆学实践性的学科特性,日益受到图书馆学领域的重视而成为图书馆学的常用研究方法。中国图书馆学发展倡导实证研究。但实证研究仍有一定的局限性,需结合其它方法进行运用。而正确认识和评价实证研究方法,可以促进图书馆事业健康发展。     

图书馆哲学探究

从图书馆哲学概念和研究意义出发,利用已有的图书馆哲学研究成果,就“图书馆哲学”这一术语的提法、图书馆哲学与图书馆学理论基础的关系、用哲学的逻辑思维探讨图书馆哲学的必要性、图书馆哲学把教育哲学纳入讨论范围的必要性、图书馆学术研究应不应该以哲学理念作为始点、人文关怀与图书馆哲学的统一性以及图书馆哲学的深入应用与发展——图书馆2．0等几个问题提出了初步的看法,并倡导发扬哲学的批判精神。     

台湾地区公共图书馆事业见闻与思考

笔者利用赴台湾进行图书馆学术交流获得的信息,从图书馆事业管理角度对台湾图书馆行业立法、社会定位、协作与辅导、专业人员招聘与使用方面进行了研究。     

南非公共图书馆事业发展研究

南非是非洲图书馆事业较发达的国家之一,政府将公共图书馆事业作为文化与教育事业的重要组成部分,在立法与财政上给予大力的支持。论文介绍了南非国家图书馆与公共图书馆的发展现状,并对南非公共图书馆当前发展的特点进行了归纳与总结。     

The Service Side of Systems Librarianship

Abstract

Describes the role of a systems librarian at a small academic library. Although online catalogs and the Internet are making library accessibility more convenient, the need for library buildings and professionals has not diminished. Typical duties of a systems librarian and the effects of new technology on librarianship are discussed. Services provided to other constituencies on campus and the blurring relationship between the library and computer services are also presented.     

在新的信息与技术环境中感受图书馆的律动──2008年的中外图书馆事业和理论研究

盘点2008年,作者们将焦点定位于中外图书馆理论与事业的5个表现更为突出的领域：基础理论、事业建设、服务、信息技术和技术应用。通过对这些领域中“亮点”的捕捉,使读者能更加快速、准确地把握住2008年图书馆学的脉动。     

新教育运动对我国近代图书馆事业的影响

新教育运动对我国近代图书馆事业的发展产生了重要作用。它刺激了社会对图书馆的需求,促进了新式图书馆的建立,运动中涌现的各种教育社团及教育报刊对于图书馆专业组织的建立、图书馆人才的培养及图书馆学的传播都有着重要的作用。     

如梦亦如电:美国近代图书馆业如是观

近代美国图书馆事业发轫于资源共享。全国依仗私人、政府、企业机关等的捐赠和资助,在不同的图书馆积累了亿万本图书与其他知识资源。通过优越的检索与传递系统,绝大部分的人民都能利用馆际互借,享用绝大部分的知识宝藏。资讯爆炸促进技术的发展,使资讯共享更为快捷方便而增加使用量。因此由于供求的循环冲击,并受到社会的公信,美国图书馆业将继续迈进。以后的专业高峰,不限于势在必行的“数字图书馆”,也应该是还没有受到充分注意而万分重要的“资讯启蒙”。在资源共享的范畴上,将趋向全球共享才可以满足个别图书馆的需求。参考文献2。     

图书馆哲学的学理与精神

梳理以图书馆本体论、图书馆认识论和图书馆价值论为核心的图书馆哲学的学理，解析图书馆哲学的现有观点和图书馆定义的哲学基础，研讨图书馆哲学的精神，从科学精神和人文精神两方面阐释图书馆哲学精神的意义。     

图书馆员网络社区信息交流行为实证研究-"大旗底下"QQ群个案分析

以"大旗底下"QQ群为个案,通过对聊天记录文本和在线问卷调查的定量分析,展现了图书馆员在网络社区中的信息交流行为特征规律,并探讨了网络社区信息交流对图书馆员精神世界的影响。论文认为,可以充分利用Web2.0技术所带来的信息交流的便利和迅捷,让更多的图书馆员融入到各种专业社区中,在跨地域、跨部门的信息交流中分享专业工作经验和成功的喜悦,在信息交流中不断汲取图书馆职业精神的养分,从而有效培育起对图书馆现代理念和核心价值观的社会认同,以此推动图书馆事业的健康发展。     

Educational Technology and College Librarianship

ABSTRACT

The fields of educational technology and librarianship interact in many significant areas: information literacy, distance learning, the design and management of instructional materials, etc. Given the congruence of concerns between the two disciplines, it is illustrative to relate the historical development of the definition of educational technology to librarianship. This article surveys briefly the development of the definition of educational technology and the relationship of college librarianship to these developments. Finally, the study places an explanation of librarianship within the 2008 definition of educational technology promulgated by the Association for Educational Communications and Technology (AECT) and concludes that college librarianship is the study and ethical practice of facilitating learning and improving performance by creating, using, and managing appropriate technological processes and resources of many formats.     

关于图书馆事业公益性原则的思考

图书馆是-项公益性事业,追求公共利益曾是发展图书馆事业的基本目标.但图书馆的公益性并不决定于办馆方式,非国办图书馆同样具有公益性.图书馆的公益性并不反对追求功利价值和效率价值,它的公共利益之中也含有物质利益.图书馆的公益性与市场经济机制及原则并不矛盾,相反,当代图书馆的公益性是以市场经济为基础的.