Multimedia Cases in Elementary Science Teacher Education: Design and Development of a Prototype

Multimedia cases intend to bring about fundamental changes in teacher education by bridging the gap between theory and practice. The use of information and communication technology in multimedia cases is expected to create a powerful and flexible learning environment. Such a learning environment is in line with a constructivist vision of teaching and learning. This paper focuses on the rationale behind case-based instruction by describing the design and development of a prototype and addressing the justification of underlying design decisions. Moreover, the prototype is briefly outlined and formative evaluation results are presented.     

美国外语教师教育课程研究及其启示——以西班牙语教师专业为例

美国外语教师教育专业拥有较成熟和完善的课程体系,相关经验可资借鉴。本文以美国西班牙语教师专业的教师教育课程为例,着重研究其专业性、系统性、针对性和综合性等特征,并探讨其对我国相关课程建设、改革和发展的启示:突出专业特色、贯彻顶层设计理念、增强针对性等。     

反思型教师教育探微

20世纪80年代以来，在国际性的教师教育改革运动中，出现了一种新的教师教育模式，即反思型教师教育，并日益成为国际教师教育的主流。本文对反思型教师教育的产生和发展、在教师成长中的作用以及如何培养教师的反思思维等问题作了简要阐述。     

A Teacher Professional Development Program on Using a Constructivist Multimedia Learning Environment

This paper describes a professional development program using an interactive multimedia program to develop teachers' understanding of a constructivist epistemology in science education. The aim of this study was to describe teachers' reflections on and perceptions of a series of professional development workshops and how teachers changed their classroom practices after having participated in the workshops. The software, developed with the cooperation of teachers and students, is based on the Birds of Antarctica database (Maor & Phillips, 1996). This database was designed as an interactive program which requires teachers to use a constructivist-oriented approach to teaching and learning in order to promote the development of inquiry skills particularly higher-order thinking skills. A series of workshops for teachers was conducted to empower them to become comfortable with using computers in science classrooms and to enable them to enhance their understanding of, and ability to use, personal and social constructivist approaches. Teachers' perceptions of the process of learning with the multimedia program and their reactions to their experiences were assessed using a new instrument, the Constructivist Multimedia Learning Environment Survey (CMLES). The results of the study suggest that teachers who participated as learners in the professional development program became familiar with a constructivist-oriented multimedia learning environment; understood the context, problems, and issues faced by students in the classroom; and were better able to facilitate students' needs and understanding in this learning environment. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

教师学习的内涵及对教师教育的启示

教师学习的内涵是多元的。从学习过程看,教师学习是建构性学习;从学习方式看,教师学习是参与式学习;从学习结果看,教师学习是理解性学习。教师学习内涵的研究为我国的教师教育提供了依据和启示。     

Multimedia and Online Video Case Studies for Preservice Teacher Preparation

Case studies have been used successfully as a part of teacher education. There are many possibilities in extending the impact of case studies through the use of technology. Video and the Internet could enable demonstration of more examples, dissemination beyond the walls of the classroom, and discussion between geographically dispersed preservice teachers. Several projects are now investigating the possible ways that technology might enhance or extend text case studies. After exploring four existing products, four essential elements for video case studies are proposed. As video case studies move to the Internet, additional issues arise and these are also explored.     

教师合作：教师发展的一个重要路径

20世纪80年代以来，教师合作作为教师发展的一种方式获得广泛的关注，成为国际教师教育研究领域中一大热点问题。本文认为，所谓教师合作，就是教师们为了改善学校教育实践，以自愿、平等的方式就共同感兴趣的问题，共同探讨解决的办法，从而形成的一种批判性互动关系；教师合作有助于激发与强化教师发展意愿、提高教师个体反思能力、促进学校组织学习。     

The Use of Reflective Journals in Initial Teacher Training

The intention of this article is to examine the role of reflective journals in Initial Teacher Training courses, and, in particular, how they can enable students to develop critical independence for professional self-appraisal. It explores the value of journal writing in the process of learning about teaching by reproducing an edited extract of one PGCE (Post-Graduate Certificate in Education) student's course journal, and by offering both a student's and a tutor's perspective of the significance of the journal.     

美国教师教育中对实习生的评价研究——以马塞诸塞州某州立大学教育学院为例

本研究以美国马塞诸塞州某州立大学教育学院为案例,对美国职前教师教育中实习生的评价体系作了研究。美国职前教师教育中对实习生有系统而全面的评价标准,SIOP和PPA是重要的评价工具,评价指标体系具体、清晰,评价主体多元且权责明确,并且实习成绩与教师资格证的申请紧密相关,这些对我国教师教育中的实习管理都有借鉴意义。     

非师范院校教师教育的困境与超越--全国非师范院校教师教育协作会首届年会述要

非师范院校教师教育存在着地位不高、专业化特色淡化、学科教育学师资短缺、对基础教育关注不够、改革不深入且缺乏相关配套政策等问题。如何从困境中走出来,与会代表从理念创新、制度创新、模式创新等方面提出了若干改革策略。宏观上,要有制度创新和政策导航,让非师范院校的教师教育真正融入国家教师教育体系中;微观上,举办院校要打通教师教育与非教师教育的内部通道,在多学科肥沃的土地上壮大和提升教师教育,让教师教育真正融入非师范院校的综合优势中。     

Reflective Practice in Physical Education and Physical Education Teacher Education: A Review of the Literature Since 1995

Reflection and reflective practice are key concepts in the educational literature as well as in research on physical education (PE) and physical education teacher education (PETE). The purpose of this article is to review the current empirical knowledge base for reflection and reflective practice in PE and PETE from 1995 to 2011. The review includes empirical research published in peer reviewed journals on the topics on reflection and reflective practice in the contexts of PE and PETE. There were 33 articles included in the review. Most of the research is conducted in the PETE context, where it was found that pre-service teachers do develop their reflective capabilities. However, the results also indicate students make little progress on critical reflections. In the PE context, it was found that teachers express a need for reflective communities. Theoretical and methodological challenges with the reviewed literature are discussed and suggestions for further research proposed.     

Teacher Development of Computer Use in Education in Germany

During the last 25 years efforts in the German educational system on different levels were made to introduce computers in schools. In parallel teacher training and consultation was established. Results from the international IEA-study Computers in education for lower secondary level in 1992, but also for upper secondary level in 1989 show that teachers attitudes to learn something about computer use are positive: The training need and their self-confidence to learn something about computers is relatively high. Support for teachers is mainly given by formal training. But the offers in teacher training are limited concerning the needs of teachers for different subjects. This situation is comparable with other countries in the world as documented in the additional publication of national case studies of the IEA. As a consequence a part of the teachers get their help through self-studies and private preparation of course material. In recent years the use of computers for networking and multimedia applications developed rapidly. The integration of these technologies into the subjects is another field demanding intensive efforts in teacher training. Different programs for the development of this field were established, but still offers for teacher training are insufficient. As a new perspective for educational change in this rapidly growing field a classroom-based teaching and learning approach in a collaborative network is proposed.     

国际教师教育质量保证制度的最新发展

质量改善虽制约于多种因素，但是根本是制度建设。因此，研究国际教师教育质量保证的经验和特点，具有重大的实践意义和现实意义。本文以质量保证过程为线索，选取了质量保证的四个方面，即教师教育的机构质量保证制度、教师教育的教师专业化制度、教师教育课程标准认定制度和教师教育临床实习制度。通过这些制度及其目的和效用的比较分析，结合我国教师发展与改革的特点，提出了我国教师教育质量保证制度建设的若干对策，并进而得出结论：教师教育质量与质量保证制度建设存在着强相关。     

合作教师教育模式的运用——一条更加贴近现实的途径

介绍了挪威科技大学教师教育系和实习学校之间进行的合作教师教育模式,并探讨了这一模式能否实现“贴近现实的教师教育”这种理念。探讨了该模式是否给学生提供了名副其实的教学相长的机会,是否增加了学生与各个合作者交流的机会,从而使学习成为社会的、互动的过程。最后,审视了该模式是否给学生提供了提高反思能力的机会并促进了实习教师的专业发展。     

新世纪的教师发展与教师教育

新世纪以来,中国内地和香港都启动了大规模的课程改革,对教师发展和教师教育提出了新的要求。基于对教师发展与教师教育之间关系的分析,文章指出了二者未来的发展方向,即发展中小学—大学伙伴协作关系,建立教师教育发展网络,促进多元化的教师发展和教师教育,以及深化教师与教师教育工作者的实践探究与反思。     

“教师学习”研究的发展及其对职前教师教育的启示

20世纪70年代以来,人们对教师学习、教师专业发展、教师在教育改革中的角色的理解有了很大的转变。教师学习与职前教师教育密不可分,是教师个人专业成长的过程。近年来,有学者对国际上有关教师学习的研究领域的相关重要概念进行了梳理和分析,并探讨了其对职前教师教育课程的设计与实施的启示,他们的研究既能丰富教师教育中的实践元素,也能适时地补充当前我国教师教育课程改革的理论空隙。     

共建教师发展的开放学习环境--探索以网络为中介的研究型课程的教师教育模式

在上海市二期课改的进行中,增设了拓展型与研究型（探究型）课程等新的课程模式,相应地对教师提出了新的要求.如何帮助教师尽快地理解改革的新理念,适应改革的需要,承担起改革的重任,已成为教师教育的当务之急.本项目研究正是从当前新形势下教师教育面临的新问题出发,试图利用学习科学的研究成果,从共建教师发展的开放学习环境着手,探索一种新的学习型、参与型的教师教育模式.该模式的主要特点是立足真实活动,在教师与学生共同参与的过程中,在与社会的积极交往中,在整合各种形式的资源中,以主题性网络为中介,帮助教师学会学习,在学习中成长,在学习中发展.     

教师教育“综合型”培养模式的探索

针对当前我国高等师范院校教师教育培养模式存在的问题,以及基础教育新一轮新课程改革对新型师资规格的需求,总结了当前部分高师院校进行的综合型教师教育改革试点的状况,提出了构建适应基础教育改革需求,特别是适应西部民族贫困地区基础教育改革的高师院校教师教育"综合型"教师培养模式,包括主辅式、整合式、分—综式("3+2"专升本)培养模式等。     

高校多媒体教师管理制度的系统研究

目前,高校多媒体教学中存在着"四化"弊端:教学方法电影化、教学内容复制化、教学手段盲目化又依赖化;反思其教学管理制度不健全的原因主要是"三个力度"不够:"制订力度"、"执行力度"和"监控力度"不够;在此基础上,明确提出"多媒体教师管理制度"新概念,并构建了由6个子制度组成的多媒体教师管理制度新体系。