中学生学习压力的现状调查

通过对中学生学习压力的七方面影响因素(学校、家庭、社会、学业、人际、体貌、认知观念)和四方面的身心反应状况(身体、情绪、认知、行为倾向)进行全面、系统的调查,发现当前40%的中学生依然承受着较大的学习压力。X2检验表明,在以上影响因素和身心反应状况的某些因子上,中学生学习压力存在显著的学校类型差异、性别差异和年级差异。     

非智力因素对职校生学业成就的影响及对策

对职校生非智力因素发展水平的调查分析发现，对其学业成就影响较大的非智力因素主要有成就动机、好胜心、学习热情、认识兴趣等。优化职校生非智力因素的关键在于引导其对成败进行积极归因，给予他们积极的期待，培养成就动机，激发学习兴趣，塑造健全人格。     

父母教养方式对中学生学业压力的影响

采用《父母教养方式评价量表》和《中学生学业压力问卷》对2所普通中学初一到高三年级随机抽取的326名中学生的父母教养方式与学业压力的关系进行测查.发现父母的情感温暖理解和过保护、过干涉因子得分超过中间值,父母的惩罚严厉和否认拒绝因子年级差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);高低学业压力倾向组在父母的惩罚严厉、拒绝否认、过干涉、过保护差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),高学业压力倾向组父母的惩罚严厉、拒绝否认、过干涉、过保护均高于低学业压力倾向组;父亲的过保护和年级可以正向预测中学生的学业压力,年级与拒绝否认的交互效应显著.结果表明消极的父母教养方式对学业压力有重要影响.     

Empowering Mong Students: Home and School Factors

This article examines how home and school factors affect the education of Mong students in the U.S., a group that, by in large, is not faring well academically. The study is based on related research and interviews with teachers, students, and the parents of a group of Mong elementary school students in northern California. The findings reveal that Mong students' negative schooling experiences are exacerbated by the mismatch between the home and school culture, by misconceptions and labeling by parents and teachers, and by issues pertaining to their attempts to assimilate into American society. Therefore, Mong students experience a culture clash at home and at school. Conversely, Mong students are empowered by a culturally relevant curriculum, and a school environment that values their culture, and that utilizes their parents as resources. Hence, they need more support from both parents and teachers.     

The Influences of School and Home Factors on the Career Development of Secondary School Students

This study examined the level of career maturity of 324 secondary school students and the impact of career guidance and parental involvement on the career development of these students. The results showed that students who had been exposed to some form of career guidance in school scored higher on the Career Attitude Scale. Those who had received home support in the form of parental involvement in career planning and availability of career role models also showed a higher level of career maturity in terms of career planfulness and work orientation. Although career attitude was found to mature with age, there was no significant sex differences in the career development of these students. Such findings highlighted the importance of career guidance in school and home support in enhancing the career maturity of our students.     

初中生抑郁情绪的因素研究

采用分层整群随机取样对唐山市4所中学1 222名初中生抑郁情绪、社会支持、应对方式和生活事件进行了测量,采用描述性统计分析、方差分析和相关分析等统计方法,考察社会支持、应对方式、生活事件与抑郁的关系。结果表明,生活事件与抑郁显著正相关,社会支持与抑郁显著负相关,应对方式与抑郁显著负相关;社会支持、应对方式在生活事件与抑郁间具有显著的调节作用。     

对中学生校园暴力现象自身因素的分析

近年来,我国各类学校的校园暴力事件呈上升趋势,尤其中学。由此引发的各种问题日渐突出,从而严重影响了青少年的健康成长,扰乱了正常的教学秩序及社会稳定,已引起社会的广泛关注。文章以我国严重的校园暴力事件为研究对象,描述和分析了当今严重校园暴力事件的表现和原因,从校园暴力的自身因素出发,进而提出一些相应的对策和建议。     

影响中学生体质健康的因素及对策研究

新课程标准在中小学的实施,在很大程度上调动了学生的体育锻炼的积极性,有利于提高学生的身心素质,对学生养成终身体育锻炼的习惯,提高我国国民的整体素质具有重要的现实意义。但由于受我国教育体制的影响,致使学校、家长和学生对体育锻炼的重要意义认识不够等原因,造成我国中学生的体质健康状况连续20年出现下降的趋势,分析出现这种状况的原因并给出相应的一些对策。     

影响高中生组合推理的因素

排列组合是高中数学课程中比较难教和难学的内容.如何有效地改进该知识点的教学,是摆在中学数学教师面前的一个重要课题.改进排列组合教学的重要途径之一是确定导致学生排列组合学习困难的变量.对学过和未学过排列组合知识的高中生的测试结果表明:教学和组合运算均显著影响了高中生的组合推理,而组合模型、元素性质对学生的组合推理并没有显著影响.     

探讨影响高中生学习投入的情境因素

目的：探讨影响高中生学习投入的情境因素。方法：采用整群随机抽样的方法,抽取芜湖市及滁州市两所中学375名学生为被试,用学习投入量表、我的班级问卷和家庭心理气氛问卷进行调查。结果：高中生对班级和家庭心理气氛的知觉与其学习投入总体上成正相关（r=0.322,0.335）,高中生知觉的班级和家庭心理气氛是预测他们学习投入程度的重要变量。结论：高中生知觉的班级和家庭心理气氛是影响其学习投入的重要情境因素。     

中学生意志力的培养与优化非智力因素

非智力因素在人的学习、成才过程中起重要作用,意志力的培养是优化非智力因素的重要途径,意志品质的培养对优化非智力因素有重要的现实意义。     

随迁中学生超重肥胖的社会因素分析——以上海市为例

分析上海市随迁中学生超重肥胖的社会因素,为预防和控制随迁中学生超重肥胖提供依据.采用随机整群分层抽样法,于2018年6月对上海市687名12～15岁随迁中学生进行问卷调查和体格测试,分析超重肥胖的人口统计学特征及其与社会因素的关联.不同性别组间随迁中学生超重肥胖检出率为男生(58.6%)大于女生(44.6%),且差异有显著性意义(χ²=13.35,P<0.05);不同来沪前居住地、来沪时所处阶段、在沪生活时长中学生超重肥胖检出率差异均有统计学意义(χ2=13.35,P<0.05);不同来沪前居住地、来沪时所处阶段、在沪生活时长中学生超重肥胖检出率差异均有统计学意义(χ²值分别为21.89,7.278,24.29,P值均<0.05).Logistic回归分析结果显示,控制性别因素,随迁中学生来沪前居住地、来沪时所处阶段和在沪生活时长与随迁中学生超重肥胖检出率相关,来沪前居住地为农村的随迁中学生的超重肥胖率发生风险为城镇的2.68倍(95%CI,P<0.05),来沪时所处阶段为学龄前期的随迁中学生的超重肥胖率发生风险为学龄期的1.93倍(95%CI,P<0.05),在沪生活时长为>10y与5～10y的随迁中学生的超重肥胖率发生风险分别为<5y的2.62倍(95%CI,P<0.05)和1.25倍(95%CI,P>0.05).上海市随迁中学生的超重肥胖检出率与来沪前居住地、来沪时所处阶段、在沪生活时长相关.来沪前居住地为农村、来沪时为学龄前期、来沪时长越长均为随迁中学生超重肥胖发生的危险因素.     

中学生考试诚信获得的家庭与社会因素研究

在个体社会化早期阶段,父母、家庭、社会等因素都是个体不能选择的社会化背景因素。这些因素对学生考试诚信的获得抑或缺失发挥重要的甚或决定性的影响。其中,家庭的诚信教育对学生诚信观念和习惯的养成具有不可替代的影响;家庭的社会经济条件、母亲文化程度和父亲职业对孩子的诚信态度和表现有统计意义的影响;社会诚信环境是影响中学生考试诚信品行养成的重要因素。另一方面,学生考试失信或作弊行为的记录将影响学生个体现在或未来的社会交往,考试作弊者的人际诚信、工作诚信容易受到质疑。     

Gender Differences,Family and Psychological Factors Affecting School Performance in Greek Secondary School Students

High rates of school failure have been reported for secondary school students, with boys presenting more schooling difficulties. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between school performance and family and psychological factors. A sample of 1315 male and female secondary school students was recruited from 54 classes randomly selected out of a total of 534 classes in the Greek region of East Macedonia and Thrace. School performance was measured dichotomously according to the final school results (pass or fail). Family and sociodemographic data were collected and psychological problems were measured using the Youth Self Report (YSR). Male gender, low socioeconomic status, low parental education and parental separation were all positively associated with school failure. Those who failed scored higher on the YSR problem scales than those who passed, and boys were more affected by adverse circumstances than girls. The results indicate that students, especially boys, with psychological problems and those coming from families of low socioeconomic and educational status are at high risk of school failure.     

中专生心理健康影响因素的SEM研究——情绪稳定性、自我效能、成就目标与心理健康之间的关系研究

本文运用结构方程模型对中专生的情绪稳定性、自我效能、成就目标与心理健康的关系进行研究。结果表明,①在掌握定向和自我效能上男生显著低于女生;城市学生在心理健康总分、成绩定向上显著低于乡镇学生。②神经质(情绪稳定性)对自我效能有显著的负向关系、与心理健康、成绩定向存在着显著的正相关,与掌握定向虽然也存在着一定的正相关,但不显著。③掌握定向对自我效能有显著的正向关系,对心理健康有一定的负向关系,但不显著;成绩定向对心理健康有一定的正向影响关系,但不显著。④自我效能对心理健康有负向关系,但不显著。     

《中小学生非智力因素量表》的编制

<中小学生非智力因素量表>先后对2,014名中小学生进行量表测量,探索性和验证性因素分析表明:中小学生非智力因素包括成就动机、认识兴趣、学习热情、学习责任心、学习毅力、好胜心和自我效能感等7个维度.中小学生非智力因素量表具有较好的信度和效度,符合心理测量学标准.     

Societal Culture and School Leadership Charting the Way Ahead

This paper discusses four issues emerging from the papers that make up the special edition. These are considered key issues as researchers further investigate the influence of societal culture on educational administration and leadership. The four selected issues target the definition of societal culture; possible relationships between organizational culture, personality and societal culture; the interface between school leadership, educational policy and societal culture; and some of the limitations of Hofstede's framework for guiding the study of cultural influence in educational administration. Each of the issues revolves around the concept of societal culture and its application as an explanatory and analytic device in the field of educational administration and leadership.     

中学生数学焦虑及相关因素的调查研究

数学焦虑对学生的成绩有重要影响,甚至导致心理障碍或心理异常.中学生数学焦虑与数学成绩呈显著负相关.不同数学学习动机、观念和态度水平的被试的数学焦虑存在显著差异.数学焦虑水平初二年级最高,初二与初一、初三、高一年级的数学焦虑水平存在显著差异,而其他年级间的焦虑水平不显著.数学焦虑的性别差异显著.教师应从以下两方面帮助学生克服焦虑:(1)帮助学生客观地自我评价、分析焦虑的真正内容与根源.(2)帮助学生树立正确的数学观.     

高职生学习惰性影响因素的实证研究——以重庆675名高职生为例

学习惰性是影响高职生学习的重要因素.对重庆6所高职院校的675名高职生进行实证研究显示:高职生学习惰性总体情况不是非常严重,但也不容乐观.在学习惰性的五个维度中,意志薄弱和内驱力弱均高于其他三个维度,其他三个维度按其均分从高到低排列依次是负面认知、拖延习惯和状态不佳.不同年级的高职生学习惰性状况没有显著差异,而在性别、来源上均存在显著差异.