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文章主要调查上海市60所中学713名体育免修生参加体育活动的情况,发现63.5%的体育免修生参加校外体育活动,在影响体育免修生参加体育活动的因素中,运动损伤是导致中学生体育免修的首要病因。这些结果提示应进一步提高中学对体育免修生参加体育活动的重视程度,这对减少体育教学中运动损伤的发生具有良好的保健作用。传统医疗体育项目如太极拳为主的体育保健班教学实验研究,就是探索适合体育免修生的教学模式。 相似文献
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Claudio Di Lorito Annabelle Long Adrian Byrne Rowan H.Harwood John R.F.Gladman Stefan Schneider Pip Logan Alessandro Bosco Veronika van der Wardt 《运动与健康科学(英文)》2021,10(1):29-47
Background:The evidence concerning which physical exercise characteristics are most effective for older adults is fragmented.We aimed to characterize the extent of this diversity and inconsistency and identify future directions for research by undertaking a systematic review of metaanalyses of exercise interventions in older adults.Methods:We searched the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews,PsycInfo,MEDLINE,Embase,CINAHL,AMED,SPORTDiscus,and Web of Science for articles that met the following criteria:(1)meta-analyses that synthesized measures of improvement(e.g.,effect sizes)on any outcome identified in studies of exercise interventions;(2)participants in the studies meta-analyzed were adults aged 65+or had a mean age of 70+;(3)meta-analyses that included studies of any type of exercise,including its duration,frequency,intensity,and mode of delivery;(4)interventions that included multiple components(e.g.,exercise and cognitive stimulation),with effect sizes that were computed separately for the exercise component;and(5)meta-analyses that were published in any year or language.The characteristics of the reviews,of the interventions,and of the parameters improved through exercise were reported through narrative synthesis.Identification of the interventions linked to the largest improvements was carried out by identifying the highest values for improvement recorded across the reviews.The study included 56 meta-analyses that were heterogeneous in relation to population,sample size,settings,outcomes,and intervention characteristics.Results:The largest effect sizes for improvement were found for resistance training,meditative movement interventions,and exercise-based active videogames.Conclusion:The review identified important gaps in research,including a lack of studies investigating the benefits of group interventions,the characteristics of professionals delivering the interventions associated with better outcomes,and the impact of motivational strategies and of significant others(e.g.,carers)on intervention delivery and outcomes. 相似文献
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David H. Geerars Robert Burggraaff Tryntsje Fokkema Dederieke A. M. Festen 《Journal of sports sciences》2018,36(16)
Recently Vanhelst et al. published a study on the relationship between school rhythm and physical activity patterns in European adolescents in the Journal of Sports Sciences. With this Letter to the Editor we would like to comment on the practical implementation and further perspectives of the study. 相似文献
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In July 2012, The Lancet announced a pandemic of physical inactivity and a global call to action to effect change. The worldwide pandemic is said to be claiming millions of lives every year. Asserting that physical inactivity is pandemic is an important moment. Given the purported scale and significance of physical inactivity around the world, this research examines how the pandemic is rhetorically constructed and how various solutions are proposed. We apply a governmentality perspective to examine the continuity, coherence and appropriateness of ideas about physical activity. The analysis demonstrates that within The Lancet, there is disunity about what is known about physical activity, problematic claims of ‘abnormality’ and contradictions in the proposed deployment of a systems approach to solve the problem. The article concludes by suggesting that as knowledge produced about physical activity grows, scholars need to beware of nostalgic conceptions of physical activity, account for the immense diversity of lived experiences which do not abide by idealistic recommendations and consider more rigorously contentious claims about physical activity programme effects. 相似文献
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Annemari Munk Svendsen 《Sport, Education and Society》2013,18(8):1014-1033
In the debate over health, one political message has become more and more dominant in western societies over the past decade: Get moving! The logic seems to be that physical activity per se equals better health and that the more physical activity, the better one's health. This logic has, among other things, induced an increased political focus on educational settings and physical education (PE) as a central place for promoting health by increasing physical activity. Today PE is often explicitly identified with health in contemporary school curricula, and this means that PE teachers unavoidably encounter contemporary perceptions of health and physical activity in their professional practice. Taking as its starting point four different teaching resources produced for health education in the Danish Primary School, this article presents four different health cultures and their recommendations for physical activity as a health-promoting practice. The aim is to challenge current perceptions of health and the related recommendations for physical activity in providing a springboard for health communicators and PE teachers to reflect on the health cultures they encounter and maybe to consider how these aligns their own preferred health culture. 相似文献
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BackgroundThere has been an increasing focus on the importance of national policy to address population levels of physical inactivity. It has been suggested that the 4 cornerstones of policy comprise (1) national guidelines on physical activity (PA), (2) setting population goals and targets, (3) surveillance or health-monitoring systems, and (4) public education. The current study aimed to review the policy actions that have addressed each of these elements for children and youth in England and to identify areas of progress and remaining challenges.MethodsA literature search was undertaken to identify past and present documents relevant to PA policy for children and youth in England. Each document was analyzed to identify content relevant to the 4 cornerstones of policy.ResultsPhysical activity guidelines (Cornerstone 1) for children and youth have been in place since 1998 and reviewed periodically. Physical activity targets (Cornerstone 2) have focussed on the provision of opportunities for PA, mainly through physical education in schools rather than in relation to the proportion of children meeting recommended PA levels. There has been much surveillance (Cornerstone 3) of children''s PA, but this has been undertaken infrequently over time and with varying inclusions of differing domains of activity. There has been only 1 campaign (Cornerstone 4) that targeted children and their intermediaries, Change4Life, which was an obesity campaign focussing on dietary behavior in combination with PA. Most recently, a government infographic supporting the PA guidelines for children and young people was developed, but details of its dissemination and usage are unknown.ConclusionThere have been many developments in national PA policy in England targeted to children and young people. The area of most significant progress is national PA guidelines. Establishing prevalence targets, streamlining surveillance systems, and investing in public education with supportive policies, environments, and opportunities would strengthen national policy efforts to increase PA and reduce sedentary behavior. 相似文献
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推进阳光体育运动必须尽快解决的几个突出问题 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用文献资料、专家访谈等方法,阐述当前我国推进阳光体育运动亟待解决的4个最突出的问题,即片面追求升学率严重束缚阳光体育运动的开展;阳光体育运动与学校体育关系不清楚;学生每天1小时校园体育活动得不到保证;缺乏有利于阳光体育运动开展的考核评价机制。要解决上述问题,必须从当前学校体育的实际出发,提出工作思路,具体措施和办法。 相似文献
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文章运用系统论观点对散打体能及其训练系统的结构进行分析。散打体能系统的框架结构包括身体素质、身体形态、身体机能和心理智能4个方面的子系统,而体能训练的运行结构体系主要由基础体能训练、专项体能训练和综合体能训练3个相互联系、相互影响的子系统构成,对基础体能训练、专项体能训练进行分析,以期对体能与体能训练的系统结构有新的认识,从而为体能训练的科学化提供参考。 相似文献
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采用文献法、问卷调查法、访谈法、实验法,对福州市屏东中学初中二年级100人（女生20人）,高中一年级201人（女生119人）,进行了为期1年的以综合评价为基础,“自身进步”评价标准为激励机制的学校体育课教学改革实验研究。研究表明：“自身进步”评价的合理运用有利于创造良好的教育氛围,调动学生学习的主动性、积极性,发展创造性思维;有利于促进学生个性的发展;有利于终身体育意识的培养。 相似文献
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毛泽东同志在《体育之研究》一文中，对体育作出了精辟的论述，提出了许多先进的，至今仍可借鉴的体育观点，“讲体育必自自动始”的观点便是其中文一。本文通过对当前学校体育教育的现状分析，对毛泽东同志的“讲体育必自自动始”的观点，发现当前学校体育教育与其观点有许多相违背之处．因此研究和探讨学校体育教育应如何贯彻、实施“体育必自自动始”这一观点，对认识，发展我国学校体育教育，深化学校体育体制改革，具有重要现实意义。 相似文献
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学校体育应努力为全民健身作贡献 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在推行“全民健身”计划初期，对“全民健身”有关问题进行广泛而深入的探讨具有十分重要的现实意义。本文从学校体育的角度，侧重对“全民健身”的基础，保证以及学校体育的作用、任务等问题进行了有意探讨。为今后学校体育工作的开展提供了新的思路。 相似文献
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Minghui Quan Pengcheng Xun Hua Wu Jing Wang Wei Cheng Meng Cao Tang Zhou Tao Huang Zan Gao Peijie Chen 《运动与健康科学(英文)》2021,10(4):419-429
PurposeThis study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of physical activity (PA) interrupting prolonged sitting (PS) on postprandial glycemia and insulin responses among adults.MethodsPubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases were searched through September 30, 2020. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that examined the effect of all forms of PA interrupting PS on postprandial glycemia and/or insulin responses among adults without chronic diseases were included in this study. The risk of bias of included studies was evaluated based on the Cochrane tool. A network meta-analysis was performed to estimate the summary standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) with random effects.ResultsThirty crossover RCTs were included in our review. These RCTs included 9 types of interventions that interrupted PS. When compared to PS by itself, light-intensity PA intermittent interrupting (LPA-INT) PS and moderate-intensity PA intermittent interrupting (MPA-INT) PS significantly lowered postprandial glycemia (SMD = –0.46, 95%CI: –0.70 to –0.21; SMD = –0.69, 95%CI: –1.00 to –0.37, respectively) and significantly reduced postprandial insulin response (SMD = –0.46, 95%CI: –0.66 to –0.26; SMD = –0.47, 95%CI: –0.77 to –0.17, respectively). Results of the clustered ranking plot indicated that MPA-INT was the most effective intervention in lowering postprandial glycemia and insulin responses.ConclusionReplacing PS with MPA-INT or LPA-INT has a positive effect in reducing postprandial glycemia and insulin responses, with MPA-INT being the optimal intervention strategy. 相似文献
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学校体育教学评价体系初探 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
体育课的评价是体育教学改革的重要环节。本文提出了体育课的基本性质及教学的评价原则,并提出了评价“教学效果”与“教学艺术”的有关评价问题 相似文献
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关于提高中学课外体育活动质量的几点思考 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
笔者就目前我市中学课外体育活动的现状，作了一些调查，并结合我校开展课外体育活动的实际，对如何提高中学课外体育活动的质量进行探讨。 相似文献
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体育新课改对福州格致中学学生终身体育意识培养的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对照分析新课改“体育选项”教学对高中生终身体育意识的培养,发现高中体育选项教学不仅能够提高中学生的身体素质,而且能够满足他们对体育教育的心理需求和体育文化需求,为终身意识的形成打下坚实的基础。 相似文献
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试图用先进的自动化控制系统,对心率进行监测,为建立运动负荷最佳模式,提供了可行的方法与手段,大大提高了运动负荷综合评定的速度, 相似文献
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黑龙江科技学院大学生体质现状分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
井红艳 《哈尔滨体育学院学报》2007,25(5):145-147
本文运用文献资料法、测量法、数理统计法、综合分析法,对黑龙江科技学院大学生身体形态、机能、素质等体质现状进行调查分析。结果表明:黑龙江科技学院大学生的体质水平呈下降的趋势,大学生普遍运动不足,在对其产生原因分析的基础上提出了对策和建议。 相似文献
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就“愉快体育”教学思想的内涵及特点进行探讨 ,提出将这一教学思想运用于当前中学的“体育与健康”课 ,并就根据这一教学思想建议采用的一些教学方法及应注意的问题谈谈看法 相似文献
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论我国中小学生的体质健康现状与学校体育教育改革 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
张春芳 《西安体育学院学报》2004,21(6):94-96
随着新"体育与健康课程标准"的全面实施,学校体育要突出健康教育的思想,必须全面进行健康教育,努力把健康教育融入体育课程教学中,开展各种体育活动,通过体育与健康教育有效地增进学生的身心健康水平,促进学生健康地成长。笔者就目前中小学生体质健康中存在的一些问题进行了分析,并就有关学校体育教育改革中的主要问题进行了探讨。 相似文献