Improving the Fatigue Performance of the Welded Joints of Ultra-Fine Grain Steel by Ultrasonic Peening

Contrast tests were carried out to study the fatigue performance of the butt joints treated by ultrasonic peening, aiming at the improvement of ultrasonic peening treatment(UPT) on welded joints of a new material. The material is a new generation of fine grain and high purity SS400 steel that has the same ingredients as the traditional low carbon steel. The specimens are in two different states:welded and ultrasonic peening conditions. The corresponding fatigue testing data were analyzed according to the regulation of the statistical method for fatigue life of the welded joints established by International Institute of Welding(IIW). Welding residual stress was considered in two different ways: the constant stress ratio R = 0.5 and the Ohta method. The nominalstress-number (σ-N) curves were corrected because of the different plate thickness compared to the standard and because there was no mismatch or angular deformation. The results indicated that: 1 ) Compared with the welded specimens, when the stress range was 200 MPa, the fatigue life of the SS400 steel specimens treated by ultrasonic peening is prolonged by over 58 times, and the fatigue strength FAT corresponding to 106 cycles is increased by about 66％; 2) As for the SS400 butt joint ( single side welding double sides molding) , after being treated by UPT, the nominal S-N curve (m = 10) of FAT 100 MPa(R =0.5) should be used for fatigue design. The standard S-N curves of FAT 100 MPa (R = 0.5, m = 10) could be used for fatigue design of the SS400 steel butt joints treated by ultrasonic peening.     

The Violation of Poetics by Waiting for Godot—From the Perspective of the Authenticity of Poetry

Poetics by Aristotle sets the dogmas for literature,while Waiting for Godot,the representative of the Theater of the Ab?surd,violates the former’s principles to achieve certain effects.The thesis will analyze the violation from the angle of Solidity or Authenticity of art and poetry,which are the likelinessandnecessity,and credibility.By digressing from the traditional rules,Wait?ing for Godot helps to create absurdity reflecting the inner loss of people after the war and to form a sense of alienation from reality.     

Improving the sensitivity of protein microarray by evanescent-field-induced fluorescence

To improve the sensitivity of protein microarray, a prism surface replaces the surface of the common microscope slide. The protein targets arrayed on the surface are hybridized and labelled by fluorescent probes. Evanescent excitation occurs when the convergent laser reaches the surface, and a photomultiplier tube detects the emitted fluorescent signal. A two-dimensional actuator scans the whole surface to achieve planar laser excitation and fluorescence collection. The penetration depth of the evanescent field into the protein targets is only some hundred nanometers and can be controlled by different incident angle of the laser beam, so the undesired background signals are reduced dramatically and the detection sensitivity is improved by a factor of 50 to 100 comparing to confocal excitation. This approach can detect low abundance analytes without signal amplification.     

Examining the Use of the ASSURE Model by K–12 Teachers

ABSTRACT

Heinich et al. (1999 Heinich, R., Molenda, M., Russell, J. D., &; Smaldino, S. (1999). Instructional media and technologies for learning (6th ed.). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Merrill/Prentice Hall. [Google Scholar]) introduced the ASSURE model to guide teachers in how to plan and deliver lessons that effectively integrate technology into their classroom teaching. Its straightforward, practical approach has made it one of the most widely taught instructional models in the education arena. However, for all of its widespread use, there is very little empirical evidence examining the impact the model has on K–12 learning gains. This study, over a 2-year period, examined 39 separate cases of curriculum being developed using the ASSURE model and the curricula's subsequent effect in promoting student learning. In addition to analyzing scores on student assessments, teachers' perceptions and instructional strategies also were examined as part of this study.     

Biodegradation of crude oil by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the presence of rhamnolipids

INTRODUCTION Oily wastewater, especially from oil field, hasposed a great hazard for terrestrial and marine eco-systems. The traditional treatment of oily wastewater,such as containment and collection using floatingbooms, adsorption by natural or synthetic materials,etc., can not degrade the crude oil thoroughly (Ollis,1992). So far, biodegradation suggests an effectivemethod. During biodegradation, crude oil is used asan organic carbon source by a microbial process,resulting in the brea…     

Inverse method for the determination of elastic properties of coating layers by the surface ultrasonic waves

INTRODUCTION The elastic properties of coating layers in coating materials are very important in the design and evaluation for engineering purpose. They can serve as ground knowledge in the selection of surface coatings for particular applications, and can be used to monitor the quality of physical processes (Every, 2002). Therefore, estimation of the elastic properties of coating layers is of great practical value. Much effort has been put into measuring the material properties of coatin…     

Children’s strategies for division by fractions in the context of the area of a rectangle

This study investigated how children tackled a task on division by fractions, and how they formulated numerical algorithms from their strategies. The task assigned to the students was to find the length of a rectangle given its area and width. The investigation was carried out as follows: First, the strategies invented by eight 10- or 11-year-old students, all identified as capable and having positive attitudes towards mathematics, were categorised. Second, the formulation of numerical algorithms from the strategies constructed by nine students with similar abilities and attitudes towards mathematics was investigated. The participants developed three types of strategies (making the width equal to 1, making the area equal to 1, and changing both area and width to natural numbers) and showed the possibility of formulating numerical algorithms for division by fractions referring to their strategies.     

An Analysis of the Means of Cohesion in “of Studies” by Francis Bacon

This thesis aims to analyze the means of cohesion in"of Studies"by Francis Bacon.According to the systemic-functional linguistics,the paper is intended to explore cohesion means applied in Of Studies by Francis Bacon.It gives an account of the functions in grammatical cohesion in the several fields,they are reference,substitution,ellipsis,and conjunction respectively.Finally,it is expected that these analyses can help readers gain a better and deeper comprehension of the structure and content of the text.     

Appreciation of “August” by Charles Dickens from the Angle of Over-regularity

This paper is going to appreciate"August"by Charles Dickens from the angle of over-regularity which is part of Foregrounding theory.     

Has the quality of teaching and learning processes improved as a result of the implementation of quality assurance coordinated by the state?

Faced with the rapid pace of knowledge expansion, higher education institutions are challenged to raise the efficacy of student education, overcoming the traditionally rigid teaching-centred approach, and shifting the focus instead towards learning, while preparing competent professionals who are able to self-manage knowledge. This paper outlines the impact that quality assurance processes have had on teaching and learning processes from the perspectives of their main stakeholders: students, teachers and academic authorities. The study was carried out in three private higher education institutions of Argentina identified as having introduced certain changes focusing on quality in the education process. Arguably, a higher degree of empowerment of institutional authorities has been noted regarding teaching management and greater attention is being paid to teaching modes; however, the paper concludes that it is still early to ascertain the direct impact that these transformations will have on learning outcomes.     

Course Design ＆ Choice of Media by Applying e the Theory of Transactional Distance

This Paper presents a series of empirical studies involving approx. 850 students to show howflexibility in course design should be informed by the student‘s culture and native language (L1), gender,and age, and explains how to decide on the most appropriate learning technology in course design by applying the Theory of Transactional Distance. Curves are presented to show how academic English reading ratesonline and offline are affected by the L1, gender, and age (over a wide age range 18-81 years old). Toprevent inequitable culturally-distinct overload, course design should be modified using hypertext. Choice ofmedia in particular synchronous versus asynchronous media is decided according to the Theory ofTransactional Distance. This theory is here extended from tutor-to-one-student to multiple students in agroup, and the masculinity can be modified. Briefly, at initial maximal distance ( D-S-) early on, thecommunity is fostered with synchronous media for cooperative group learning, followed by ( D-S ) collabo-rative learning using one of two frameworks presented to ensure constructivism in asynchronous mode, then(D-S ) collaborative for Guided Didactic Conversation in asynchronous mode, and finally ( D S -) coop-eratively in synchronous mode for reflective sharing of course learning experiences. At each transactional distance, tance, or in each mode, hypertext is purposively designed to complement the cooperative or collaborative styleto provide self-access support (additional analysis and reasoning to cooperative, and examples to collaborative) to provide equitable content and quality of learning across wide cultural and L1 ranges, to remove gender bias, and to accommodate variations due to student age. Thus, to promote student autonomy and lifelong learning.     

Enhancement of the thermostability of β-1,3-1,4-glucanase by directed evolution

INTRODUCTION Enzymes are efficient and specific biocatalysts widely used in food industries, but their application in industrial process often involves special properties not found in natural source enzymes. In order to ob- tain desirable enzymes, in the past ten years, scientists have developed rational (Kurth et al., 1998; Mouratou et al., 1999; DeSantis et al., 1999) and irrational de- sign methods (Babbitt and Gerlt, 1997; O’Brien and Herschlag, 1999) to improve the enzyme propert…     

Course Design & Choice of Media by Applying the Theory of Transactional Distance*

This Paper presents a series of empirical studies involving approx. 850 students to show how flexibility in course design should be informed by the students culture and native language (L1), gender, and age, and explains how to decide on the most appropriate learning technology in course design by applying the Theory of Transactional Distance. Curves are presented to show how academic English reading rates online and offline are affected by the L1, gender, and age (over a wide age range 18-81 years old). To prevent inequitable culturally-distinct overload, course design should be modified using hypertext. Choice ofmedia--in particular synchronous versus asynchronous media--is decided according to the Theory ofTransactional Distance. This theory is here extended from tutor-to-one-student to multiple students in a group, and the masculinity can be modified. Briefly, at initial maximal distance (D -S-) early on, the community is fostered with synchronous media for cooperative group learning, followed by (D-     

Teaching the unknowable Other: humanism of the Other by E. Lévinas and pedagogy of responsivity

In this paper, the author investigates what kind of challenges contemporary pedagogy has confronted, focusing on the question of knowability of radical otherness of the educated and the makability of the human being through education. Starting from two different narratives reflecting on their personal educational relationships and their identity as an educator, the author sketches the contrasting development in the history of pedagogy from Comenius via Kant and Buber and expands on the pedagogical reception of the philosophy of the Other by Lévinas. Differing from the ego- and subject-centeredness of modern pedagogy, Lévinas proposes a rather humble concept of a subject who is always and already responsive to and responsible for the Other. Based on this contrast, the author suggests that modern educators can be freed from an all-knowing and almighty complex and get to a more sympathetic, sensitive, and ethical dimension for their pedagogical practice.     

Reason,revelation and reform: Thomas Dick of Methven and the ‘Improvement of Society by the Diffusion of Knowledge‘

I. [A] host of new educational devices ranging from lantern lectures to the Mechanics’ Institutes set up in many towns propagated the ideology essential to the creation of that new and viable class society which was progressively ousting the old aristocratic ethos. Thomas Dick of Methven, Secession clergyman, popular author, pioneer of Mechanics’ Institutes, saint and astronomer, summed up in himself many of the strengths of the new society.? ¹B. Lenman, Integration, Enlightenment and Industrialization: Scotland 1746‐1832 (The New History of Scotland, VI, London, 1981), 167.      

“counting” by pigeons: Discrimination of the number of biologically relevant sequential events

Numerical competence has been studied in animals under a variety of conditions, but only a few experiments have reported animals’ ability to detect absolute number. Capaldi and Miller (1988) tested rats’ ability to detect absolute number by using biologically important events—the number of reinforced runs followed by a nonreinforced run—and found that the rats ran significantly slower on the nonreinforced run. In the present experiments, we used a similar procedure. Pigeons were given a sequence of trials in which responding on the first three trials ended in reinforcement but responding on the fourth trial did not (RRRN). When the response requirement on each trial was a single peck (Experiment 1), we found no significant increase in latency to peck on the fourth trial. When the response requirement was increased to 10 pecks (Experiment 2), however, the time to complete the peck requirement was significantly longer on the nonreinforced trial than on the reinforced trials. Tests for control by time, number of responses, and amount of food consumed indicated that the pigeons were using primarily the number of reinforcements obtained in each sequence as a cue for nonreinforcement. This procedure represents a sensitive and efficient method for studying numerical competence in animals.     

Development of Instrument Control System Using Biosignals Created by the Change of Eyes Movement Sequenc

A new biosignal control system that offers the disables the opportunities to control electric appliances is proposed.The four types of signals created by the eyes movements in four directions(up,down,left,and right),which are taken as four basic signals,are detected at the forehead.Permulation of 2 signals out of them creates 16 different signals.Permutation of 3 signals out a them creates 64 signals.They all amouts to 84 control signals.They are thought to be applicable for the operation of some instruments.Furthermore,the dynamic biosignals created by the slow eyes movement is speculated to be applicable for the more convenient control of them.