University Knowledge Production and Innovation: Getting a Grip

Today universities are increasingly seen as motors of innovation: they not only need to provide trained manpower and publications to society, but also new products, new processes and new services that create firms, jobs, and economic growth. This function of universities is controversial, and a huge and still expanding literature has tried to understand it. The approach of this paper is integrative; it uses the existing literature to answer a number of straightforward questions about the creation of innovations with university knowledge production: how does this happen, to what extent, and if it is desirable. In this way this article grounds the issue. Creating innovation with university knowledge production is relevant, justified and important but this has not been, is not and will not become the core function of universities. The existing literature, in other words, overestimates the importance of university knowledge production - in general, and for innovation in particular.     

和时代同步的人——访全国政协副主席、工商联主席经叔平先生

雪后放晴的初冬下午,笔者来到京郊亚运村附近一所幽静的公寓中,走访了刚从港岛参加香港中华总商会百年庆典归来的全国政协副主席、中华全国工商联合会主席经叔平夫妇。笔者与经老夫妇相识于建国初期,已40多年未再谋面,但此次访谈发现他那潇洒的风姿,敏捷的思维和卓识,很难使人置信他已是一位年逾8旬的耄耋老人。     

On University Reform in Italy: Contradictions and Power Relations in Structure and Function

Recent attempts at universityreform in Italy have proved dismal in thecontext of higher education policy in WesternEurope. The pervasive power of academicmandarins, technocratic methods of reform, andthe recurrent expectations that import offoreign models will resolve contradictions thatare deeply rooted in Italian power relations,provide some insight into the problem.     

The Governance of University Knowledge Transfer: A Critical Review of the Literature

Universities have long been involved in knowledge transfer activities. Yet the last 30 years have seen major changes in the governance of university–industry interactions. Knowledge transfer has become a strategic issue: as a source of funding for university research and (rightly or wrongly) as a policy tool for economic development. Universities vary enormously in the extent to which they promote and succeed in commercializing academic research. The identification of clear-cut models of governance for university–industry interactions and knowledge transfer processes is not straightforward. The purpose of this article is to critically discuss university knowledge transfer models and review the recent developments in the literature on research collaborations, intellectual property rights and spin-offs, those forms of knowledge transfer that are more formalized and have been institutionalized in recent years. The article also addresses the role played by university knowledge transfer organizations in promoting commercialization of research results.

Managing the Research University: Clark Kerr and the University of California

In the 1950s and 1960s, Clark Kerr led the University of California's Berkeley campus, and then the University of California as a whole. Throughout these years, he developed a system of managerial strategies. This paper shows how Kerr's administrative views drew upon his background in industrial relations, his liberal theories of pluralistic industrial change, and contemporary understandings of American business organization.     

江厦:宁波繁华的商贸中心

江厦街道地处宁波市最繁华的商贸、文化中心,辖区商业资源丰富,人文氛围浓郁,文化底蕴深厚,素有“走遍天下,不如宁波江厦”的美称。街道辖区面积1.65平方公里,常住人口近3万人,下辖4个社区居委会。辖区商业繁华,人气旺盛。位于街道境内的宁波天一广场总投资12.5亿元,总建筑面积     

乌镇:文化内涵背后的新经济

正乌镇在10月、11月相继有戏剧节、世界互联网大会举行。这两个节会已经完全国际化,无论从规模、质量还是影响力上,都有着国内大部分节会无法比拟的魅力。小小乌镇在中国林立的大城市中怎样蜕变、脱颖而出?古镇之变:不变即财富很多人第一次了解乌镇,是在2010年的上海世界博览会。当时,博览会的城市最佳实践区(UBPA)以"历史遗产保护与再利用"为主题的乌镇案例馆,揭开了全部面     

Changing Governance and Authority Relations in the Public Sciences

Major changes in the governance of higher education and the public sciences have taken place over the past 40 or so years in many OECD countries. These have affected the nature of authority relationships governing research priorities and the evaluation of results. In particular, the increasing exogeneity, formalisation and substantive nature of governance mechanisms, as well as the strength and extent of their enforcement, have altered the relative authority of different groups and organisations over research priorities and evaluations, as well as creating some new ones. These shifts in authority have occurred to different degrees in differently organised public science systems. As a result, the diversity and longevity of many research projects, the intensity of competition for disciplinary reputations and the coordination of research goals and outcomes across universities and national boundaries have changed to different degrees in different countries.     

Changing Funding Arrangements and the Production of Scientific Knowledge: Introduction to the Special Issue

With this special issue, we would like to promote research on changes in the funding of the sciences, social sciences, and humanities. Since funding secures the livelihood of researchers and the means to do research, it is an indispensable condition for almost all research; as funding arrangements are undergoing dramatic changes, we think it timely to renew the science studies community’s efforts to understand the funding of research. Changes in the governance of science have garnered considerable attention from science studies and higher education research; however, the impact of these changes on the conduct and content of research has not received sufficient attention, and theoretical insights into the connections between funding practices and research practices are few and far between. The aim of this special issue is to contribute to our theoretical understanding of the changing nature of research funding and its impact on the production of scientific knowledge. More specifically, we are interested in the interplay between funding and research practices: What is the impact of institutionalised funding arrangements on the production of scientific knowledge?