The Translation of Proverbs——The management of Cultural Elements

由于不同的自然地理环境、宗教信仰、风俗习惯、寓言神话以及文学艺术诸多方面的差异，英、汉谚语承载着不同的民族文化特色和不同的文化信息。他们与文化传统紧密相连，不可分割。谚语中的文化因素构成了翻译中的困难。直译、意译，或者直译与意译相结合，则要根据具体的语言环境来定。本文试图借助语用学的观点．对英汉谚语的翻译做一些探索。     

The Holy Lily and the Fragrant Rose——Analysis on Jane Eyre's Dignity and Love

Jane Eyre is recognized as the representative work of early British female literature.The author,Charlotte Bronte,through her true female experience,described one new female figure with rebellious and revolutionary spirit——Jane Eyre.Her dignity is like the beautiful lily,holy and noble;her pure love is like the fragrant rose,intoxicating and sweet.This paper expands on the source of Jane Eyre’s dignity and her idea of equality in love and marriage through analyzing Jane Eyre’s living environment and her life experiences.Finally,it points out the importance of women’s striving for independence and freedom and maintaining personal dignity by self-struggle.     

Why Is It Important Awareness of Cross Culture Differences in Cultural Communi cation——Awareness of Cross Culture Differences Influences Cultural Communication

No matter you agree or not,the world is in a fast developing time.The communication between people contributes to this de velopment.However,during these communications,people find out the culture difference between countries and the realized the impor tance of develop awareness of cross culture differences.In my point of view,there are some reasons why it is important to develop aware ness of cross culture differences.     

On the Cultural Comparison between Chinese and English——The Analogy of Animal Words

Languages convey cultural information while they are used as tools to communicate.With the development of human society and the frequencies of intercultural communication,cultural differences may impact on people’s normal communications.Cultural differences between English and Chinese appear in many aspects of languages.Animal words are influenced by such cultural factors as geographical conditions,historical developments,traditional customs,mythology and fables,etc.So they are endowed with abundant cultural connotations.A similar animal word may have different connotative meanings in English and Chinese respectively,but sometimes different animal words have the same connotations.Whether they are different or not will reflect cultural differences between Chinese and English.Thus,through illustration,classification and comparison of English and Chinese animal words,the thesis aims to explore the cultural differences between English and Chinese.What’s more,the thesis aims to help English learns have a better understanding of English culture and develop the abilities of English language study.     

Cultural Differences Reflected by Language——The Joy Luck Club by Amy Tan as a case

This short essay tries to illustrate that language is the primary obstacle to cross-cultural communication, not just because of the difference of words and expressions, but the cultural factors including the associated meanings and spirits reflected by languages. It takes JoyLuckClub by Amy Tan as an example to give more vivid impression.     

Gender Equality Programmes in German Institutions of Higher Education—The North Rhine-Westphalia Case

This article describes the theoretical basis and presents some results of an empirical investigation into all the institutions of higher education in North Rhine-Westphalia, the largest of the German La ?nder that has the largest number of universities (twenty-seven universities and universities of applied sciences, (fachhochschulen), in all). For these institutions, a gender equality policy was elaborated in 1993 by the Ministry of Science and Research of the Land. It is titled ''Basic Principles for the Promotion of Women at the Institutions of Higher Education in North Rhine-Westphalia'' (referred to as ''Basic Principles'' in the text to follow). It became compulsory for all the universities in 1993 and for all the fachhochschulen, as well, in 1995. In 1998, the author was commissioned to assess the impact of these ''basic principles'' three years later.     

Expressed emotion： Is it cross-culturally psychological construct——The study in Iran

It is clear from past research that family atmosphere influences the course of many mental illness such as schizophrenia. EE （emotional express） is a measure of emotional response of a relative towards a person with a diagnosed health problem （Lobbon, et al., 2006）. EE has three aspects like critical, hostile, and emotionally over-involved attitudes that relatives have toward patients. The goals of this study is to investigate EE＇s role in Eastern countries especially in Iran, compared to Western countries. 120 schizophrenia patients and their key relatives are selected to answer the family questionnaire. The results indicated that in Iranian families are regarded to emotionally over involvement attitude more seen than western countries. Parents who were emotional over involvement report self- blaming and more controlling parents than other parents. When the EE in Iranian families were compared to western countries, the differences were clear. For instance, in western countries hostile and critical attitude were more than Iranian families. In addition, they are less self-blaming and controlling their patients. But in Eastern countries mental illness is viewed as the fate or predestination, so there are fewer attempts to follow up therapeutic interventions. It is important to note that the role of culture is explored in explaining the specific manner in which EE relates to relapse among Iranian families, also for programming and family psycho- education interventions.     

Human Equality and Racial Dignity——Book Report on The Grass Is Singing

<正>This semester I read a novel named The Grass Is Singing about people’s tragic lives under racial discrimination.The writer Doris Lessing,a British novelist,had a similar life experience in the countryside in Southern Africa.Lessing’s family moved to the British colony of Southern Rhodesia to farm maize when she was a little child.The environment there was so rough,her mother Emily tried to impose her original lifestyle on     

The Development of Chinese Language and Social Change—Study on Catchwords during the Cultural Revolution

Language is a mirror of society. It is one of the most important communication tools and social changes or potential social changes can often be reflected in it. We use language as a barometer of social changes and from the perspective of sociolinguistics. Social changes also determine the variations of Chinese language. Based on the former study about the relation between language and society, this paper mainly talks about the catchwords or popular language and social changes during the Cultural Revolution.     

The Usage of Modal Verbs and Cultural Values—A Brief Critical Review on Eli Hinkel’s"The Use of Modal Verbs as a Reflection of Cultural Values"

The article gives a brief review on Hinkel’s study "The Use of Modal Verbs as a Reflection of Cultural Values",aiming at improving language teacher’s awareness that culture can influence language learners’ use of modals.At the same time,by pointing out the weakness of Hinkel’s study,the author suggests that the mere acquisition of linguistic competence is insufficient and teachers should integrate current research findings into their transmission of knowledge to learners.     

A study on the Translation of Cultural Elements in TV Subtitles——A Case Study of The Big Bang Theory

With the growing popularity of one country’s TV series in foreign countries,subtitle translation has attracted considerable attention in recent years.The Big Bang Theory(TBBT)is a widespread American TV series whose subtitles have been translated into many foreign languages,and it also boasts its richness in cultural elements,the most typical ones including science elements and religious cultural elements.     

An Interpretation of The Kite Runner from the Perspective of Diasporic Theory——On the Lack and Pursuit of Cultural Identity

The Kite Runner was the first English novel created by an Afghan-American writer Khaled Hosseini.This novel has received widespread popularity since its publication in 2003,and it was translated into 42 languages.This novel tells a story of an Afghan boy Amir's betrayal on friendship and his selfredemption.It not only expresses accusation against the war,but also reflects the racial and religious issues in Afghanistan.From the perspective of diaspora,this dissertation briefly introduces diasporic theory of Homi Bhabha and Said.As a post colonial writer,Khaled Hosseini has a dual identity.Therefore,this thesis studies The Kite Runner from the angle of cultural identity in order to put forward more research methods and deepen the understanding of post colonial writers and works.     

“There is Always The Other Side”: Deconstruction of English Identity and Masculinity——Intertextuality between Wide Sargasso Sea and Jane Eyre

Jean Rhys' Wide Sargasso Sea is the classic revisionary novella of Charlotte Bronte's Jane Eyre. It rewrites the tragic story of Mr. Rochester's voiceless and lunatic ex-wife, Berthe Mason. This paper turns to the intertextual relationship between the two texts and argues that the subversive rewriting of Wide Sargasso Sea destabilizes and deconstructs Mr. Rochester's English identity and masculinity, which are manifestly presented in the pre-text. It therefore renders the young Mr. Rochester problematic and insufficient, reveals"the other side"of the story and articulately tells the truth about who is really the mad one.     

The New Curriculum for the Teaching of English——With Which Dialectical Knowledge in Education Is Raised

The paper ,with a theory of Action Research and especially dialectical knowledge, gives a brief analysis and disussion of the New English Standard Syllabus(aim called the New Curriculum) and also points out the difference between the New Curriculum and the traditional syllabus of the basic English course. It is also theoretically and practically designed with some excellent suggestions on how to study the New Curriculum and make good use of English teaching.     

The Relationship Between Academic Major and Environmentalism Among College Students: Is it Mediated by the Effects of Gender,Political Ideology and Financial Security?

Several studies have found a relationship between college students’ academic majors and their environmental attitudes and behaviors. Results from this study of incoming first-year students at a medium-sized public university suggest that students majoring in different programs of study were likely to have different environmental attitudes and behaviors. There were also differences in the proportions of women, political liberals, and financially secure students in each of the different majors. When controlling for the effects of gender, political ideology, and financial security, incoming business majors scored lower on two of the four measures of environmentalism than incoming students in the other majors. The findings in this study suggest that incoming students choose majors that are consistent with their worldviews.     

Happy life—Is It Really Happy?——A Review of the Short story The Swimmer by John Cheever

The short story The Swimmer is representative of John Cheever’s suburban stories,which shows the vivid pictures of middle class people’s happy life mode.The question is that is such a happy life really happy.After analyzing the protagonist Neddy Merril’s Odyssean journey,the author concludes that so-called a happy life is no more than an illusion.