电子技术设计性实验装置研制

为了满足电子技术设计性实验教学的需要,研制了一种实验装置,介绍了该装置的总体结构和主要特点,分析了该装置的教学效果,为改善设计性实验教学条件提供了硬件支持。     

轿车侧方位停车入位辅助装置的设计

通过对轿车侧方位停车合理化入位方式的研究,确定了轿车侧方位停车入位辅助装置的升降装置和行走装置,为安全快捷的侧方位停车入位技术的进一步研究提供了参考意见.     

上海桑塔纳轿车风窗刮水和清洗装置

随着桑塔纳轿车市场占有率的提高,有关介绍该车结构、工作原理、维修的资料也较丰富起来,但是对风窗刮水和清洗装置的介绍较简单,我们结合检修实践和有关资料介绍该装置的工作过程和继电器控制原理。     

苯胺装置锥体耐高温铁镍合金焊接性分析及焊接工艺

针对苯胺装置转化器蒸汽发生器的锥体,在运行过程中焊缝易出现裂纹的突出问题,分析了其基体材料铁镍合金的焊接性,阐述了克服该材料在焊接过程中焊接热裂纹倾向的焊接工艺措施。实验结果表明,通过采取合理的焊接工艺,可保证该类材料的焊接性,确保此类装置的安全可靠运行。     

基于超单元法的轿车白车身动态分析和优化

采用基于超单元的方法对轿车的白车身进行了建模和动态仿真设计. 该方法不仅可以提高计算速度, 同时可以对轿车车身中的各个子结构进行独立的动态优化设计. 针对轿车设计中平顺性问题, 还提出了车底板上2点垂直方向位移响应的均方值为最小的车身优化方法, 对车身结构进行动态优化设计, 获得了令人满意的优化结果.     

高职课程评价体系的构建与实施

建立科学有效的评价体系是端正学生学习态度、改进学习方法、提高课程教学质量的基础.以高职计算机共同课课程为例,在深入分析该课程特点的基础上,结合教学和评价中的实际问题,构建并实施过程性评价和终结性评价相结合的评价体系.通过学生自评和学生互评来促进学生自主学习,通过教师对“教”、“学”的评价促使教师调整教学方法、提高教学效率,达到培养学生能力的教学目标.     

供油系结构对汽油发动机性能的影响分析

汽油发动机的汽油由供油装置计量后与空气混合,形成可燃混合气,通过进气管进入各个气缸。供油装置与进气管结构有多种组合方式,它们直接影响汽油发动机的各缸可燃混合气过量空气系数α的均匀性和充气效率η_ν,最终影响汽油发动机的动力性、经济性和环保性。     

科技发明的新产物

美国一家公司最近研制成了世界上第一辆会飞的轿车,它可在9000米高空飞行,时速最高为600千米。与普通汽车一样,它有车轮、制动器和转向杆等装置,可在小型机场起飞和降落。这种会飞的轿车有四台发动机,当它垂直升空后,驾驶员通过操纵电脑引导飞行,而跟踪飞行路线的全球卫星定位系统将确保飞行轿车不会发生碰撞事故。     

开关与电路设计

例1轿车上都装有一个用来提醒司机是否关好车门的指示灯．四个车门中只要有一个门没关好（相当于一个开关断开）,该指示灯就会发光．下列四个模拟电路图中,能正确体现该装置工作原理的是（）     

多功能重塑土制样装置的研制与应用

为提高重塑土试样的均匀性与制样效率,研制了一种多功能重塑土制样装置.该装置由压力机和制样模具组成,可用于制备直接剪切、三轴剪切、环剪等3种标准试样.采用该装置与传统分层击实法分别制备20个三轴试样,并对试样进行无侧限抗压试验,结果表明,前者无侧限抗压强度离散性显著低于后者,多功能重塑土制样装置制备的试样均匀性更好.该装...     

The family caregiver after the institutionalization of the dependent elderly relative

The objective of this study was to assess the relationship between the institutionalization of a dependent elderly relative and the family caregiver’s mental health, quality of life and caregiving satisfaction. We present data from 140 family caregivers caring for elderly family members, of whom 77 continued to live with family members and 63 had been institutionalized. We evaluated the factors influencing the decision to institutionalize the dependent relative, the effect of institutionalization on the caregiver’s psychological well-being and quality of life and the impact of strategies to find the meaning and cope with the relative’s placement on the caregiver’s emotional health and quality of life. Care does not end after institutionalization, but the stressors the caregiver faces change. Our results suggest that finding meaning increases satisfaction and reduces feelings of overload. They show that after institutionalization, stressors affecting caregivers are partly relieved, and that finding meaning increases the caregiver’s satisfaction, while decreasing the degree of overload. Our data, further, indicates that a good relationship and cooperation between the staff of the institution and the family are important to improve the caregivers’ emotional health and quality of life, and consequently, the quality of life of the dependent elderly relative.     

轿车白车身扭转静刚度试验平台约束方案设计与开发

为了确保轿车满足安全性和舒适性方面的要求,在车型研发期需要对白车身扭转静刚度进行测试。测试白车身扭转静刚度时,应首先约束白车身,再模拟真实驾驶环境施加外载荷。约束方案的选择非常重要,应保证在对白车身施加外载荷时,约束装置不会对白车身的变形造成影响。通过分析理论约束模型,提出一种理想的约束方案,最后通过有限元方法进行分析,验证了此约束方案的合理性。     

A 2.5D finite element approach for predicting ground vibrations generated by vertical track irregularities

Dynamic responses of track structure and wave propagation in nearby ground vibration become significant when train operates on high speeds. A train-track-ground dynamic interaction analysis model based on the 2.5D finite element method is developed for the prediction of ground vibrations due to vertical track irregularities. The one-quarter car model is used to represent the train as lumped masses connected by springs. The embankment and the underlying ground are modeled by the 2.5D finite element approach to improve the computation efficiency. The Fourier transform is applied in the direction of train’s movement to express the wave motion with a wave-number. The one-quarter car model is coupled into the global stiffness matrix describing the track-ground dynamic system with the displacement compatibility condition at the wheel-rail interface, including the irregularities on the track surface. Dynamic responses of the track and ground due to train’s moving loads are obtained in the wave-number domain by solving the governing equation, using a conventional finite element procedure. The amplitude and wavelength are identified as two major parameters describing track irregularities. The irregularity amplitude has a direct impact on the vertical response for low-speed trains, both for short wavelength and long wavelength irregularities. Track irregularity with shorter wavelength can generate stronger track vibration both for low-speed and high-speed cases. For low-speed case, vibrations induced by track irregularities dominate far field responses. For high-speed case, the wavelength of track irregularities has very little effect on ground vibration at distances far from track center, and train’s wheel axle weights becomes dominant.     

多因素影响下旋转模切机压花辊系统动态响应

以单个压花辊系统为研究对象,基于虚拟样机技术,采用ADAMS软件建立系统的动力学仿真模型,分析刀辊质心位置、刀辊间隙、轴承支撑位置及驱动转速对系统振动的影响,并提出系统的改进设计方案。研究结果表明,为减小系统振动,刀辊质心位置应适当偏离驱动端,刀辊间隙保持在0.3~0.6 mm,轴承支撑位置适当向刀辊两端靠近,而刀辊驱动转速尽量在478~956 r/min运行。提出的压花辊改进设计方案较原方案的轴承支撑反力标准差下降约72%,减振效果显著。结果可为模切装备的结构设计及参数匹配提供依据。     

一种温差电效应发电演示热功小车

研制了一种温差电效应发电演示热功小车,演示了从热能到电能再到机械能的能量转换过程。该小车以温差发电为电源,利用珀尔帖片、散热片与酒精灯构成核心组件,由酒精灯加热下散热片,下散热片将热量集中到珀尔帖片,珀尔帖片通过上散热片散热,维持珀尔帖片冷热两面有较大温差,输出电能驱动电机旋转,电机带动小车跑动。该小车结构简单,工作原理明晰易懂,运动速度达15 cm/s,演示结果达到了引起人们对温差发电的关注和研究的目的。     

世界上首部飞行汽车即将上市

世界上首部商品化的“飞行汽车”即将上市。你只要花12．7万英镑,就可以把它开回家。     

小型客车通过橡胶减速带时的振动分析

为了研究车辆通过橡胶减速带过程中引起的振动特性,以安装在水泥路面、规格为350mm×45mm的橡胶型减速带为研究对象,通过实测小型客车在空载条件下通过减速带时引起的振动时域信号,分析振动时域信号波形的波谷、波形极值的大小和形成时间差以及通过减速带前后的速度差。结果表明:当小型客车以大于30 km/h速度通过减速带时,在轮胎撞击减速带和冲击地面瞬间,前轮引起的振动强度大于后轮的振动强度;验证了车轮通过减速带时存在"车轮撞击减速带、车轮在减速带滚动和车轮冲击地面"3个假设过程;从而得出"车速越高、减速效果越明显"的结论。     

广播主持人的个人魅力作用到底有多大——准社会交往对私家车主收听行为的影响

本研究目的在于检验准社会交往对私家车主广播接触暴露水平、对广播主持人微博关注度及对广播广告耐受度的影响。研究对990名受访者进行问卷调查。阶层回归分析以及单因素方差分析用于对研究数据的分析。研究结果表明：1．私家车主与广播主持人之间准社会交往水平越高,则他们广播接触暴露水平越高;2．私家车主与广播主持人间的准社会交往水平越高,他们对广播主持人微博的关注度也越高;3．私家车主与广播主持人间的准社会交往水平越高,他们对广播广告耐受度越强。     

Complementing the Australian primary school Health and Physical Education (HPE) curriculum: exploring children's HPE learning experiences within varying school ground equipment contexts

This paper unearths how primary school children experience and can complement the Australian HPE curriculum within three unique school ground equipment scenarios that include an ‘empty’, ‘loose parts’ and a ‘traditional’ school ground context. Using direct observation, 490 scans were undertaken of the school grounds over five days. Field note observations recorded children's HPE learning experiences according to the curriculum, and predominant physical activity types and intensities were recorded. Implementing a variety of school ground equipment provisions was revealed to be important compared to the ‘empty’ school ground context for primary school children to meet HPE curriculum objectives.     

家庭收入对儿童早期语言能力的影响作用及机制:家庭学习环境的中介作用

家庭收入作为家庭社会经济地位的重要组成部分,是影响儿童心理发展的重要因素之一.研究以185名年龄在43 - 77个月的幼儿园中班儿童为研究对象,对家庭收入、家庭学习环境(学习活动、丰富生活经验、文化资料)以及儿童早期语言能力(语音意识与词汇量)进行了测查,探讨家庭收入对儿童早期语言能力的影响作用及机制.结果发现,(1)控制儿童年龄、性别后,家庭收入对儿童早期语言能力具有显著的独立预测作用;(2)在家庭收入对儿童早期语言能力的预测中,文化资料在家庭收入预测儿童早期语言能力中发挥了部分中介作用.