美国林肯总统图书馆与博物馆融合服务创新实践及借鉴意义

美国林肯总统图书馆与博物馆是非常受欢迎的总统档案管理机构,总结它们在融合服务创新实践方面的经验,有助于为中国LAM的融合发展提供借鉴。本文使用案例分析方法,从信息、知识、文化创新服务三个层面分析林肯总统图书馆与博物馆的融合创新;从使命定位、组织支持系统、筹资模式和跨界合作四个方面分析了其融合创新背后的支持性因素。林肯总统图书馆与博物馆融合服务创新实践对中国相关机构发展的借鉴意义可以总结为四个方面:同主题的馆藏资源是LAM融合服务创新的前提条件;社会公众是LAM融合服务创新的出发点和落脚点;开放性专业分工合作是实现LAM融合服务创新的重要方式;适当引入民间资本是促进LAM融合服务创新的有效手段。     

The return of the beloved: The chiasmus and the messianic secret of Abraham Lincoln

Lincoln designed certain of his major speeches with a chiasmus for a model. This stylistic device governs the integration of form and function in Lincoln's presidential rhetoric, and it suggests that more than one level of meaning is operating. The chiasmus reveals that Lincoln saw himself as called by God to fulfill a special messianic mission.     

The ASTC Legacy and the Institute of Museum Services

The Association of Science-Technology Centers (ASTC) represents 283 science-technology centers in the United States and 89 centers around the world. Among its most significant accomplishments is the leadership role that it played in the passage of the legislation that created the Institute of Museum Services (IMS), the federal agency that provides general operating support for the nation's museums. Prior to the funding of the IMS, government support for individual projects in art and history museums had come from the NEA and NEH, but the science museums fell through the cracks. Science museums, were already represented in Washington by ASTC, and ASTC became the natural lobbying group to establish a separate agency for museums. Although ASTC was one of the major driving forces behind the creation of IMS, its members represent only a fraction of the beneficiaries of IMS grants. Since 1984, ASTC institutions have received only 10 to 16 percent of the total dollars awarded by IMS.     

Sociological Research and the Kremlin Museum Library

Until very recently, Russian libraries attached to museums have not envisioned the general public as potential users, but rather have focused on the information needs of museum staff and special researchers. In this article, the author analyzes some of the results of a research project that examined information expectations and needs of actual and potential visitors to the Moscow Kremlin Museums, the visitors' sources for obtaining museum information, their perceived gaps in such information, and the implications of these issues for the services, operations, and “image” of the museums' library. The project was facilitated by a public-opinion organization.     

Solitary vs. Shared: Exploring the Social Dimension of Museum Learning

The literature suggests that the social dimension is an important aspect of museum learning. Many visitors report having discussed or shared information with their companions. There is also evidence, however, that some museum visitors prefer to visit alone or to learn by themselves. This study explores qualitative and quantitative differences in the nature and outcomes of solitary and shared museum learning experiences. Forty solitary adults and 40 adults visiting in pairs were observed and interviewed during their visit to a museum exhibition area, and a proportion of participants were contacted by telephone four weeks after the visit. The findings challenge the supposition that social interaction is more beneficial to learning than a solitary experience and suggest that, for adult learners, solitary and shared learning experiences can be equally beneficial but in different ways.     

查修的生平与图书馆学成就考察

查修是20世纪中国著名的图书馆学家,曾在文华图专执教,亦曾在多家图书馆工作。但由于查修晚年移民海外,远离了中国图书馆界,以至于中国图书馆史研究者对于查修的生平与成就了解极少。作者努力查考文献,弄清了查修的字、号、英文姓名、籍贯与出生年份。然后,考察了查修在文华图专与伊利诺伊大学的求学经历。接着梳理了查修的工作履历,包括他在清华学校图书馆、文华图专、暨南大学图书馆、交通大学图书馆的图书馆管理与图书馆学教学经历,他的报人生涯,及其晚年移民海外的部分活动。最后介绍了查修在图书分类法、目录学等图书馆学研究领域的著译成果。     

Financial Literacy and the Academic Library: Exploring the Peer-to-Peer Approach

Colleges and universities employ a variety of strategies to deliver financial education to students. Among these approaches is peer-to-peer financial education, which has been explored in many settings but never in an academic library. Following a review of financial literacy approaches used on college and university campuses by libraries, and other units and departments, this article describes the Student Financial Education Center located at Pennsylvania State University Libraries and discusses the unique challenges and opportunities of implementing a peer-to-peer financial education program in this setting.     

Beyond Learning: Exploring Visitors' Perceptions of the Value and Benefits of Museum Experiences

Abstract This paper explores the beneficial outcomes that visitors seek and obtain from a museum visit, in terms that are not related to learning outcomes. It uses a deductive qualitative approach to investigate the meaning and value of a museum visit from the visitors' perspective. Three different levels of the meaning of the experience are considered: the attributes of the setting that visitors value; the experiences they engage in; and the benefits they derive. The findings confirm the importance of the “satisfying experiences” framework for understanding visitor experiences in museums, and extend this understanding in relation to the beneficial outcomes these experiences produce. The study also highlights the importance of “restoration” as an outcome of a museum visit. It is argued that the concept of the museum as a restorative environment, which enables visitors to relax and recover from the stresses of life, is worthy of further research attention. These insights will enable museum practitioners to better understand and meet their visitors' multiple needs and expectations.     

数字图书馆共建共享探微

目前，我国数字图书馆在共建共享过程中还存在一些相关问题，本文旨在对数字图书馆的共建共享有关问题进行分析与研究，以期实现数字图书馆的共建共享。     

在图书馆设立典籍博物馆的思考

典籍博物馆的概念有广义和狭义两种,本文主要从狭义方面对典籍博物馆的概念、功能、与图书馆的关系以及图书馆设立典籍博物馆的意义进行了探讨内容。典籍博物馆与图书馆有着深厚的历史渊源,现实也有共同的基本元素和相似的功能。典籍博物馆在汇聚典籍精品、服务社会大众、提升图书馆精神价值方面具有重要意义。对典籍博物馆的规划建设,需秉持因地制宜,继承传统,发挥专长,办出特色的原则。在图书馆中设立典籍博物馆,既可作为实体,也可作为理念,强调以典籍博物馆功能在图书馆内实现为目的的原则。在此基础上,探讨了国家典籍博物馆的初步规划。     

论博物馆内图书馆参考咨询服务的功能与实施

本结合我国经济与化需求现状，说明了博物馆内图书馆加强参考咨询工作的必要性和重要性；同时根据馆内图书馆工作的特点和优势，论述了应从培养用户群体，完善分类体系，利用网络技术，开展多种服务等方面促进参考咨询工作的发展，强调了该项工作的基础为对人——参考咨询员的培养。     

信息时代高校图书馆期刊管理工作创新浅议

随着计算机技术和信息技术的发展，高校校园网建设已十分普遍，在校园网络环境下，高校图书馆期刊管理与信息服务要加大力度创新，本文从六个方面，探讨了创新的内容与方法。     

Exploring Library 2.0 on the Social Web

Library 2.0 literature has described many of the possibilities Web 2.0 technologies offer to libraries. Case studies have assessed local use, but no studies have measured the Library 2.0 phenomenon by searching public social networking sites. This study used library-specific terms to search public social networking sites, blog search engines, and social bookmarking sites for activity associated with librarians and library users. Blog search data about the recentness of activity or the popularity of a blog post indicate that Library 2.0 technology has many early adopters but provides less evidence of sustained use. The results follow a curve resembling the 80/20 rule and also resemble Chris Anderson's “long tail” effect, in which very few authors create the vast amount of content. These exploratory results can be used as a starting point for future studies. Librarians who use tags to describe Web-based content might use these findings to select more effective tags. Librarians implementing a blog or a social networking presence might use this study to balance the benefits with the amount of work required to maintain an up-to-date presence.