梾木属的一新亚属——华茱萸亚属

Cornus L. s. 1. is a large polytypic genus. The classificantion of which has beenso different that some authors recognize several separate genera, while others treat them as ei-ther subgenera or sections.  New evidence from many disciplines such as palynology, cyto-logy, wood anatomy and embryology supports the view that the genus should remain in thebroad sense.  I basically agree with the treatment by Ferguson (1966b) before my finishinga comprehensive study on Cornus L. s. 1. except for supporting  the separation  of subgenusAfrocrania as an independent genus.  A new subgenus Sinocornus Q. Y. Xiang, containingone species, C. chinensis Wangerin, is established here on account of its inflorescence axillaryand different from the other members of the genus which all have terminal inflorescences only.The inflorescence developed from a terminal bud implicates the sympodial nature of axis ofstem and the one from an axillary bud the monopodial one.   It is reasonable to regard thecharacter as of subgeneric value.  Also a new combination, Cornus subgen. Syncarpea (Na-kai) Q. Y. Xiang, is proposed here as a substitute for Cornus subgen.  Benthamia (C. B. Clar-ke) Schneider used for a long time.  Because the valid publication of the former name subgen.Syncarpea Nakai is earlier than the latter one.  The types of inflorescences of 8 subgenera re-presented by type or selected species are illustrated.     

小秦岭金矿区厚大矿脉采矿方法研究

针对小秦岭金矿区厚大金矿体进行采矿方法研究,矿脉厚度5~15m,矿脉倾角42~60°,围岩结构相对稳固,矿脉地质形态相对稳定,采用双排漏斗底部结构浅孔留矿法进行采矿,通过底部结构调整,解决采矿过程中出矿问题;同时利用浅孔留矿法,解决采场顶底板围岩由于地压过大出现局部掉顶现象。本次研究内容主要包括采矿方法及回采顺序、中段开拓系统、采矿单体设计、通风系统、运输系统、排水系统。利用的有底柱双排漏斗放矿浅孔留矿法,是在浅孔留矿法基础上的变异与改进,其主要依据矿体的可采厚度来界定采矿方案的底部结构变化,依据相关矿岩的稳固程度、自然安息角等要素来确定采矿工艺及回采顺序,并以此来核算经济和技术参数指标。从整体设计方面具有很强的可操作性和实用性,其施工灵活、作业方便、生产效率较高。     

云南鳞毛蕨属泡鳞亚属的分类研究

本文修订了鳞毛蕨属泡鳞亚属的特征范围,对该亚属的2个组12个种进行了分类研究,发现其中有新种1个,云南新分布的种5个。本文还对长期混淆不清的Dryopteris labo-rdei与D．gymnosora 的分类特征还进行了清理,恢复前者为独立存在的种。     

疱脐衣属的一新亚属

 In the present paper a new species of Lasallia Merat is described and placed undera new subgenus Pleiogyra, characterized by having econcentrical multi-gyrate apothecia. Inconsequence of this finding, the conception of plane disc in the genus Lasallia of Umbili-cariaceae becomes untenable.     As a result of careful examination of rich materials, the writer considers the dif-ference in disc found by Scholander among all species of the family is of certain signifi-cance for classification.  Unfortunately, Scholander’s classification is based solely on thisrather variable morphological character.  If his view be adopted the new species will haveto be inserted into the genus Gyrophora Ach. emend. Schol.  If accepting Llano’s divisionof Umbilicariaceae into five genera, namely Lasallia, Agyrophora, Omphalodiscus, Umbili-caria and Actinogyra, the new species will have to be considered a new  genus  of  thefamily.     The present writer considers both Scholander’s and Llano’s systems as being artificial,because the former author emphasizes too much the unstable morphological appearance ofdisc and the later simply divides the family into five genera simultaneously on the basisof the stable and unstable characters of the various groups.  In contrast with Scholander’sand Llano’s systems Frey’s classification neglects wholly the difference in the characters ofdisc.  Such treatment is likewise unsound.  The present writer supports the view held byFlotow, Koerber, Elenkin and Savicz (1950).  Nevertheless, he does not agree with Saviczin erecting the subgenus Gyrophoropsis (Elenk. et Savicz) Savicz, because muriform sporesare present not only in the group having gyrate discs, but also in the groups having planeand omphalic discs of the Genus Umbilicaria Hoffm. emend. Vej.  The recognition of thissubgenus must therefore deny the basis on which the other four subgenera are established.      The system of Umbilicariaceae held by the writer is as follows:I. Genus Lasallia Merat emend. Vej  ......  Thallus pustulate; disc plane to econcentrical multi-gyrate; spores    1(2) per ascus, quite large, muriform.    1. Subgenus Lasallia...Disc plane.   2. Subgenus Pleiogyra Vej  ......  Disc econcentrical multigyrate.II. Genus Umbilicaria Hoffm. emend. Vej (syn. Gyrophora Ach. emend. Savicz)* ...Thallus non-pustulate;   disc plane and smooth or plane with central sterile column (or fissure) or with gyri; spores 8 per ascus,   simple, hyaline or becoming brown muriform, small.1. Subgenns Agyrophora (Nyl.) Savicz  ......  Disc plane.   (1) Section Agyrophora (syn. sect. Anthracinae emend. Llano). .....  Spores simple and hyaline.   (2) Section Dichroae Llano  ......  Spores becoming brown muriform.2. Subgenus Omphalodiscus (Schol.) Savicz  ......  Disc with central sterile column or fissure.   (1) Section Omphalodiscus (syn. sect. Decussatae Schol.)  ......  Spores simple and hyaline.   (2) Section Spodochroae Schol.  .....  Spores becoming muriform.3. Subgenus Umbilicaria...Disc with concentrical gyri; spores simple and hyaline or becoming muriform.   (1) Section Umbilicaria (syn. sect. Simplices Llano)  ......  Spores simple and hyaline.   (2) Section Gyrophoropsis (Elenk. et Savicz) A. Zahlbr. (syn. sect. Muriformes Llano)  ......  Spores         becoming muriform.4. Subgenus Actinogyra (Schol.) Savicz  ......  Disc with radial gyri, proper margin absent.     

兜兰属宽瓣亚属（广义）的补充研究

 对新种小囊兜兰Paphiopedilum globulosum与新变种扁球兜兰P．micranthum var．oblatum作了描述与绘图。两者均为采自云南东南部的栽培植物,与硬叶兜兰P．micranthum近似。但小囊兜兰具有宽得多的叶(宽2．8～3．4cm),先端多少呈钩状、宽1．1～1．2cm的唇瓣,以及与唇瓣囊口几乎同样大小的退化雄蕊,而扁球兜兰则叶宽2．2～3 cm,唇瓣扁球形,囊深不超过1 cm,可区别于硬叶兜兰。上述种类均属于宽瓣亚属(广义）。该亚属有16个种产中国、越南或两地共有。本文提供了分种检索表。     

栎属青冈亚属（壳斗科）的叶表皮研究

利用光镜和扫描电镜观察了栎属青冈亚属Quercus subgen. Cyclobalanopsis 48种植物的叶表皮,尤以对叶下表皮的毛被特征观察较为仔细。共观察到8种不同类型的叶表皮毛：单列毛、单毛、乳突、星状毛、溶和星状毛、具柄束毛、多出毛和水母状毛。其中乳突在青冈亚属中较常见,而在壳斗科其他属中仅在石栎属 Lithocarpus 少数种类中有报道;水母状毛首次在壳斗科中发现。毛被可能遵循以下的演化规律：乳突→单毛→星状毛;星状毛依照从简单→复杂的演化途径,分化出各种形态各异和结构复杂的毛系。初步讨论了毛被以及叶表皮其他特征(如毛基细胞和表皮细胞的形态、气孔的类型和密度等)的分类和系统学意义。     

兰科舌唇兰属的一新亚属

笔者曾在1994年发表的“兰科植物区系中一些有意义属的地理分布格局的研究”一文中介绍了此新亚属——显柱舌唇兰亚属的分布格局及其与舌唇兰亚属的区别。现将它正式发表。此新亚属含12种,其中1种为新组合种。     

中国金腰属的研究(续)

This paper deals with the taxonomy and geographic distribution of the ge-nus Chrysosplenium L. in China.     Based on the characters and evolution of the seed, capsule, disk, ovary and leaf, thespecies of this genus can be grouped into 2 subgenera, 5 sections and 16 series.  Thereare 2 subgenera, 5 sections and 11 series in China.  They are as follows:     I.  Subgen. Gamosplenium Maxim. emend. J. T. Pan     Leaves alternate.     Lectotype: Chrysosplenium carnosum Hook. f. et Thoms.     1.  Sect. Alternifolia Franch. emend. J. T. Pan     Seeds smooth and glabrous.     Type: Chrysosplenium alternifolium L.      (1)  Ser. Nudicaulia Maxim. emend. J. T. Pan     Disk obscure or absent; ovary nearly half-inferior, sometimes mostly inferior; cap-sule generally subtruncate and emarginate at top and bilobed with equal and horizontal-ly divaricate or suberect lobes; seeds smooth and glabrous.     Type: Chrysosplenium nudicaule Maxim.      (2)  Ser. Alternifolia Maxim. emend. J. T. Pan     Disk 8-lobed; ovary nearly half-inferior; capsule generally subtruncate and emar-ginate at top, and bilobed with equal and horizontally  divaricate lobes;  seeds smoothand glabrous.      Type: Chrysosplenium alternifolia L.     2.  Sect. Nephrophylloides Turcz.     Seeds minutely papillose or pilose.     Type: Chrysosplenium sedakowii Turcz.      (1)  Ser. Macrophylla Franch. emend. J. T. Pan     Disk obscure or absent; ovary nearly half-inferior; capsule nearly truncate and em-arginate at top, and bilobed with equal lobes; seeds minutely papillose.     Type: Chrysosplenium macrophyllum Oliv.      (2)  Ser. Ovalifolia Maxim. emend. J. T. Pan     Disk generally 8-, rarely 4-, lobed, papillae absent around disk; ovary mostly infe-rior; capsule subtruncate and emarginate at top; seeds minutely papillose or pilose.     Type: Chrysosplenium ovalifolium M. Bieb. ex Bunge      (3)  Ser. Lanuginosa Hara, emend. J. T. Pan     Papillae numerous, brown around reduced disk; ovary mostly inferior; capsule ne-arly truncate and emarginate at top; seeds minutely papillose.     Type: Chrysosplenium lanuginosum Hook. f. et Thoms.      II.  Subgen. Chrysosplenium     Leaves opposite.     Type: Chrysosplenium oppositifolium L.     1.  Sect. Trichosperma J. T. Pan, sect. nov.     Capsule not truncate at top, and bilobed with subequal, suberect or divergent lobes.     Type: Chrysosplenium trichospermum Edgew. ex Hook. f. et Thoms.     This section is divided into 4 series in the world, with only 1 in China.     (1)  Ser. Nepalensia Maxim. emend. J. T. Pan     Disk obscure or absent; ovary generally mostly inferior;  cassule not truncate attop, and bilobed with subequal and suberect or divergent lobes; seeds smooth and gla-brous.      Type: Chrysosplenium nepalense D. Don     2.  Sect. Grayana J. T. Pan, sect. nov.     Capsule bilobed with distinctly unequal and ascending lobes.     Type: Chrysosplenium grayanum Maxim.     This section consists of 4 series in the world, with 3 series in China.      (1)  Ser. Sinica Maxim. emend. J. T. Pan     Disk obscure or absent; ovary nearly half-superior; capsule bilobed with distinctlyunequal and ascending lobes; seeds minutely papillose.      Type: Chrysosplenium sinicum Maxim.      (2)  Ser. Esulcata Franch. emend. J. T. Pan     Disk (4)-8-lobed; ovary generally half-inferior; capsule bilobed with unequal andascending lobes; seeds minutely papillose or pilose.     Lectotype: Chrysosplenium dubium J. Gayex DC.      (3)  Ser. pilosa maxim. emend. J. T. Pan     Disk obscure or absent; ovary nearly half-inferior; capsule bilobed with distinctlyunequal and ascending lobes; seeds distinctly longitudinally ll-18-costate and minu-tely papillose or tuberculate on the ridge.      Type: Chrysosplenium pilosum Maxim.      3.  Sect. Chrysosplenium      Capsule nearly truncate and emarginate at top, and bilobed with equal and horizon-tally divaricate lobes.      Type: Chrysosplenium oppositifolium L.      (1)  Ser. Romosa J. T. Pan, ser. nov.      Disk distinctly 8-lobed, papillae sparse, brown around disk; ovary mostly inferior; ca-psule nearly truncate and emarginate at top, and bilobed with equal and horizontallydivaricate lobes; seeds smooth and glabrous.      Type: Chrysosplenium ramosum Maxim.      This series is monospecific one, also occurring in China, namely C. ramosum Maxim.      (2)  Ser. Delavayi Hara      Disk distinctly 8-lobed, Papillae sparse, brown around the disk; ovary mostly infe-rior; capsule nearly truncate and emarginate at top, and bilobed with equal and hori-zontally divaricate lobes; seeds distinctly longitudinally 10-16-costate and transverse-ly striate on the ridge.      Type: Chrysosplenium delavayi Franch.       This series can be considered as the most advanced one in the Chrysaspleninm L.      So far, the Chrysosplenium L. comprises 64 species in the world, among which 1 spe-cies is found in North Africa, 2 in South America, 4 in Europe, 5 in North America, 56in Asia, of which 3 occur in Sikkim, 5 Bhutan, 5 Mongolia, 6 north Burma, 6 Korea, 7north India, 8 Nepal, 12 Japan, 17 U.S.S.R. (of which 3 also in Europe), 34 China (in-cluding 22 endemic species and 3 new species).      In China, Fujian and Guangdong Provinces and Zhuang Autonomous Region of Gu-angxi each has only 1 species, Taiwan, Zhejiang, Shanxi and Hebei Provinces and Uy-gur Autonomous Region of Xinjiang each has 2, Anhui, Jiangxi and Hunan Provinceseach has 3, Qinghai Province 4, Heilongjiang, Liaoning and Guizhou Provinces each has5, Jilin and Hubei Provinces each has 6, Gausu Province 8, Shaanxi Province and Xi-zang (Tibet) Autonomous Region each has 10, Yunnan Province has 11, Sichuan Provi-nce has 14.     Thus the distribution centre of this genus should be in the north temperate zoneof Asia, and the region covering Shaanxi Gansu, Sichuan, Yunnan and Xizang may beregarded as an important part of this centre.     The 7 species of Ser.  Nudicaula Maxim. emend. J. T. Pan can be considered as themost primitive ones in this genus. They are mostly distributed in Shaanxi (Qin Ling),south Gansu, southeast Qinghai, southwest Sichuan and nothwest Yunnan of China. Thisregion may be considered as the centre of the origin (or at least differentiation) of thisgenus.     The new species and the new varieties described in this paper are as follows: C. hy-drocotylifolium Levl. et Vant. var. emeiense J. T. Pan, C. taibaishanense J. T. Pan, C.lixianense Jien ex J. T. Pan, C. qinlingense Jien ex J. T. Pan.     

苔草属复序苔草亚属十四种植物叶片的解剖学研究

 选择中国复序苔草亚属6组4亚组的代表植物14种,进行了叶片解剖学研究,观察了其横切面和表皮特征,证明上述特征在各类群之间存在差异,具有一定的系统学意义。这14种植物叶片的横切面和表皮都具有一些原始的性状,表明复序苔草亚属中的植物可能在苔草属中是较原始的。在所观察的植物中,Sect．Polystachyae植物叶片解剖学特征比较一致,说明此组的建立比较合理;而Sect．Indicae组已有明显分化,尤其是Carex scaposa C．B．Clarke和C．densifimbriata Tang et S．Y．Liang与其它植物明显不同,而且其外部形态特征在复序苔草亚属中也比较独特,因此赞成将它们及其近缘类群做为一个组而非亚组。