Exploring the nexus between community cultural wealth and the academic and social experiences of Latino male achievers at two predominantly White research universities

Latino males are grossly underrepresented at four-year postsecondary institutions in the United States. This phenomenological study seeks to address this emergent educational crisis by focusing on the experiences of two Latino male achievers at predominantly White research universities. Community Cultural Wealth is used to explore how Latino male collegians with a cumulative grade point average (GPA) above 3.75 employed linguistic, resistant, and navigational capital to enhance their academic and social experiences during college. The reports offered by participants in this study are intended to advance knowledge regarding the experiences of Latino male collegians as well as to enhance research, policies, and practices that increase the educational attainment of Latina/o students within higher education.     

Faculty members’ perceptions of online program community and their efforts to sustain it

This study investigated faculty members’ perceptions of program community and what they do to support it in online graduate programs. Researchers developed and administered an online survey to ascertain perceptions of program community among education and engineering faculty members at United States, land-grant, research-extensive universities. Three hundred forty-four faculty members responded. Most participants thought that fostering community beyond courses was important. Faculty members used a variety of strategies to accomplish this task, including social media, synchronous communication and advising, face-to-face socials and orientations, and cohort models. Yet, many also relied on classroom strategies. Several participants indicated that they and their students lacked the time, resources or interest to pursue program community and that geographical distance and university reward policies complicated its establishment. Differences via discipline, gender and years of online teaching experience were also reported.     

CONTENT ACCESSIBILITY OF COMMUNITY COLLEGE WEB SITES

Community colleges frequently are the points of access to postsecondary training and education for members of special populations. Physical barriers are obvious problems that limit access for individuals with disabilities, and community colleges have made reasonable accommodations in this regard. One area that often is overlooked, however, is the on-line barriers that limit access to Web-based content. This study examined the Web-based content accessibility of community college home pages. A total of 253 community college home pages were evaluated for content accessibility. Only 23% of the community college home pages evaluated were determined to be accessible to individuals with disabilities. Types of accessibility problems, resources for designing accessible Web sites, and methods for validating Web sites are reported.     

Deaf and hard of hearing students’ perceptions of campus administrative support

Most students with hearing loss attend community college, yet very little research on this population of students exists in higher education. This research was conducted in order to gain a better understanding of how students who are d/Deaf navigate the mainstream postsecondary environment. Purposeful sampling was used to gather data from 19 individuals who attended postsecondary institutions not designed specifically for d/Deaf students. These participants were enrolled in an urban community college district in the southwestern United States and were receiving accommodations from their campus accessibility office.

Participants shared their perceptions of the campus accessibility office, the individuals within it, and campus administrative support. The results from this study help shed light on the experience of d/Deaf students in community college and provide insight on how to facilitate their success in postsecondary education. The author provides recommended practices for campus accessibility offices to adopt in order to effectively serve this student population, including specialized orientation for students and instructors, specialized advising, utilization of student feedback, and increasing campus and community awareness of services offered.     

美国公立大学录取政策变革:百分比计划

20世纪90年代后,随着美国一些州和高等教育机构对新生录取时实施平权法案问题争论的展开,德克萨斯州、加里福尼亚州和佛罗里达州出台并施行了百分比计划。这一录取政策为什么被提出?主要内涵是什么?产生了怎样的影响?其中蕴含哪些启示?本文先在评述"百分比计划"的背景与内容的基础上,分析了其效应和可引以为鉴的经验。     

Cyberbullying,revenge porn and the mid‐sized university: Victim characteristics,prevalence and students' knowledge of university policy and reporting procedures

In this study, we provide a snapshot of cyber abuse behaviours among students at a single, mid‐sized public commuter university in the United States. The goal of this study is to provide helpful information that can guide universities when creating cyber‐civility policies, information that is currently lacking in Higher Education. We examine recent university cases and relevant laws related to cyberbullying and revenge porn, survey student characteristics that are associated with this type of victimisation and make suggestions for language universities should consider when drafting their cyber abuse policies. Finally, we address the role of the university in protecting potential victims, training students on policies and reporting procedures, and intervening in incidents related to these types of cyber abuse.     

Does an Early College Readiness Signal Discourage College Application and Enrollment?

States are currently seeking ways to improve alignment between K–12 and postsecondary education and better prepare students for postsecondary schooling. Some states have begun implementing policies that inform high school students that they are not ready for college-level courses well before they graduate, in order to give both notice and time to prepare. However, if the early information from these tests suggests that a student may require remedial coursework upon entry to college, the student may be discouraged from attending college. This article focuses on one state's effort to increase students’ information about college readiness. Regression discontinuity design is used to determine whether a student receiving a signal that he/she needs remediation lowers the probability of that student applying to or enrolling in participating universities. Results indicate that the policy has had little to no impact on application and no impact on enrollment.     

美国公立高校政府投入模式理论与实践综述

公立高校政府投入模式是连接政府宏观调控政策与高等教育经费的桥梁.公式投入模式和绩效投入模式是现在美国政府使用最多的模式.理论研究与实践均证明,公式投入模式意在弥补公立高校培养成本,体现公平,而绩效投入模式强调了提高公立高校的效率.     

美国地方高校内部治理结构探究

美国自南北战争时期创建第一所赠地学院以来,其地方高校内部治理经过了150多年的发展演变,逐步走向完善。通过对具有代表性的地方高校内部治理结构进行案例剖析,从中归纳出美国地方高校内部治理结构具有如下特征：董事会或理事会主导运行,广泛代表校内外利益的双边治理,＂校—学院＂双层级治理,以行政权力为主的双轨并行治理,通过特定管理机构进行治理协调等。     

Mathematics turned inside out: the intensive faculty versus the extensive faculty

Research universities in the United States have larger mathematics faculties outside their mathematics departments than inside. Members of this “extensive” faculty conduct most mathematics research, their interests are the most heavily published areas of mathematics, and they teach this mathematics in upper division courses independent of mathematics departments. The existence of this de facto faculty challenges the pertinence of institutional and national policies for higher education in mathematics, and of philosophical and sociological studies of mathematics that are limited to mathematics departments alone.     

Widening Our Global View: The Development of Career Counseling Services for International Students

The increased number of international students in United States universities and colleges have created the need for the development of services that appropriately reflect their needs and characteristics. The Career Center at the University of Missouri, Columbia reacted to this phenomenon by developing career services exclusively for international students. Career services are provided as individual services and online services, and consist of information on graduate schools and entrance examination practices, information on available employment opportunities and work permit policies, career assessments, and information about specific skills for obtaining a job in the United States. Several marketing strategies were used to ensure international students' use of services. Important points in developing career services for international students are presented.     

Employment self-disclosure rates and rationales of university graduates with learning disabilities

Five hundred graduates with learning disabilities (LD) from three universities in the United States completed a survey related to their postschool employment outcomes and experiences. The present study presents data related to their decisions regarding LD disclosure in employment settings. Although 73% of the respondents reported that the LD affected their job in some way, only 55% reported self-disclosing, and only 12% reported requesting accommodations. Specific reasons for each of these decisions are presented, as are areas in which LD affect work, strategies for dealing with LD in the workplace, and perceptions of the Americans with Disabilities Act. Implications for secondary and postsecondary programs are discussed.     

The empirical basis for adopting a civic rationale for internationalization

While considerable consensus exists regarding the importance of internationalizing postsecondary education, little is known about whether distinct forms of internationalization influence civic engagement. This study estimates the degree to which study abroad and internationalization at home (IaH) are associated with international volunteerism among undergraduate alumni at research universities in the United States (n = 93). Results from a multiple regression analysis revealed that extensive IaH—reflected by both the presence of internationalized general education and a high concentration of international students—and the institutional study abroad rate were both positively associated with international volunteerism, operationalized as participation in the Peace Corps. Limited forms of IaH were not predictive of international volunteerism. Regression models explained between 29 and 38% of the variance in international volunteerism. The findings suggest that institutions can better prepare students for the challenges of global civic engagement by increasing participation in study abroad and implementing an extensive and systematic IaH strategy.     

A Model for Creating Engaged Land-Grant Universities: Penn State’s Engagement Ladder Model

The original mission of the state and land-grant university was to engage with communities to solve problems and improve the quality of life for the citizenry. Today most state and land-grant universities have moved far away from their original mission and are struggling to become engaged with the communities they serve. In this case study, we highlight some of the steady progress toward engagement that has recently occurred at The Pennsylvania State University. We catalogue how strong vision and leadership; infrastructure reorganization; and the active involvement of faculty, students, and community partners have revitalized the land-grant mission at Penn State. Keith R. Aronson is the Assistant Director of the Social Science Research Institute and the Children, Youth, and Families Consortium, The Pennsylvania State University. Dr. Aronson received his B.A. from Rutgers University, M.A. from Ball State University, and Ph.D. from The Pennsylvania State University. He is a clinical psychologist with a specialization in biobehavioral health and is interested in understanding how research conducted at universities and colleges can better impact communities. Nicole Webster is Assistant Professor of Agricultural and Extension Education, The Pennsylvania State University. Dr. Webster received her B.A. from the University of Florida and her M.A. and Ph.D. from Michigan State University. Her special interest is in service-learning research, particularly among minority youth.     

Student Engagement and Institutional Graduation Rates: Identifying High-Impact Educational Practices for Community Colleges

Philanthropists, researchers, policymakers, and practitioners are increasingly focused on a college completion crisis in the United States. Collectively and independently, they have called for increasing the number of adults with postsecondary certificates and degrees as a national imperative. Using the 2007 administration of the Community College Survey of Student Engagement (CCSSE), this article explores the statistical relationships between student engagement, as measured by the CCSSE, and institutional graduation rates reported to the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS). Both bivariate correlations and hierarchical multiple regression analyses yielded results that reinforce the salience of student engagement as an important predictor of college completion. Specifically, the CCSSE student engagement benchmarks of active and collaborative learning and support for learners are positive predictors of institutional graduation rates. The article concludes with suggestions around instructional practices and institutional policies to consider for community college leaders committed to the completion agenda.     

大学教师聘任制是把双刃剑

主要通过对美国、英国、法国、德国和El本大学教师聘任制的利弊得失的评价，说明大学教师聘任制是把双刃剑。这些国家的成功经验，值得我们借鉴，他们的教训，也应该引以为鉴。     

Ensuring the Provision of Accessible Digital Resources

A lack of awareness of disability issues in the provision of digital educational material is resulting in a situation where much of this material is, to some degree, inaccessible to people with certain disabilities. Current and proposed disability legislation in countries such as the United States and the United Kingdom means that any educational material produced by institutions, and which has accessibility barriers, may soon be illegal. This paper discusses the issues involved in the provision of accessible digital material, with a heavy emphasis on Web‐based resources, with a view to raising awareness and avoiding a potentially embarrassing situation for educational institutions. The various assistive technologies used by disabled people to access digital material are discussed, along with the problems by inaccessible material, illustrated by examples of inaccessible Web pages. Solutions for ensuring the accessibility of digital material are provided, including a discussion of open standards and guidelines and principles of accessible content design     

A study of the “environments” of Japanese universities

A limitation of most past studies of university environments is that they have been restricted to institutions in the United States. Accordingly, as a first step in providing a broader context for such studies, this study applied two approaches to the measurement of environments to 124 Japanese universities: factor analysis of statistical data and classification of faculties according to Holland's personality typology. Both procedures yielded a reasonably clear and meaningful pattern of results that was generally similar to the pattern of results in the United States, but with differences that appear related to the organization of higher education in Japan. More generally, the results tend to support the conclusions that size, wealth, and technical emphasis are key dimensions for describing universities, and that an organization can be measured through a census of its personality types.