Nonsuicidal Self-Injury on Instagram: Examining Hashtag Trends

International Journal for the Advancement of Counselling - We sought to investigate how individuals who upload nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) content on Instagram conceptualize self-injury by...     

Does shame influence nonsuicidal self-injury among college students? An investigation into the role of shame,negative urgency,and brooding

College students experience high levels of life stress that put them at increased risk for nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI). It is important to understand which vulnerabilities put students most at risk, in order to inform treatment in college counseling centers. This study investigated the joint contributions of specific vulnerabilities to lifetime history and frequency of NSSI among a sample of undergraduates (50% reported a history of NSSI). Results showed shame-proneness was uniquely associated with NSSI frequency beyond other negative emotions. Negative urgency and brooding exacerbated this effect. This study provides insights into the contributions of specific vulnerabilities to NSSI and implications for practice.     

网络受欺负对非自杀性自伤的影响:社会排斥和负性情绪的链式中介作用

本研究在一般压力理论视角下,探讨大学生网络受欺负与非自杀性自伤的关系,以及社会排斥和负性情绪在其中的作用机制。采用网络受欺负问卷、自伤行为问卷、社会排斥问卷和负性情绪量表对大学生进行测查。结果发现,网络受欺负、社会排斥、负性情绪和自伤行为两两之间呈显著正相关。网络受欺负通过三条路径影响大学生的自伤行为。首先,网络受欺负直接预测大学生的自伤行为;其次,网络受欺负通过负性情绪的中介作用间接对自伤行为产生影响;再次,网络受欺负通过社会排斥和负性情绪的链式中介作用间接影响自伤行为。本研究结果揭示了网络受欺负对大学生自伤行为的影响及其作用机制,为预防和干预自伤行为提供了依据。     

Distress Tolerance Skills for College Students: A Pilot Investigation of a Brief DBT Group Skills Training Program

This report outlines the evaluation of a brief dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) group skills training program for students presenting with serious psychological concerns (referral reasons included suicidality, self-injury, and substance use). Students were enrolled in distress tolerance groups ranging from 7–10 weeks. The majority of the students in the sample were receiving psychiatric medication, individual therapy, or both. All students (N = 22) demonstrated significantly improved scores on measures of emotion regulation and functional and dysfunctional coping. These results are the first to show that targeted skills training with DBT mindfulness and distress tolerance skills can produce beneficial outcomes in college students in the context of a short-term intervention.     

Evaluating a Training Intervention for Assessing Nonsuicidal Self‐Injury: The HIRE Model

The authors evaluated the effectiveness of a brief training intervention with graduate counseling students who used the HIRE (history, interest in change, reasons for engaging in the behavior, and exposure to risk; Buser & Buser, 2013b ) model for the informal assessment of nonsuicidal self‐injury. The intervention group demonstrated improvements in nonsuicidal assessment self‐efficacy and assessment skill. Findings suggest that HIRE is an evidence‐informed model for teaching nonsuicidal self‐injury assessment.     

The Successful Treatment of Specific Phobia in a College Counseling Center

Specific phobias are highly prevalent among college students and can be quite debilitating. However, students often do not present for treatment for phobias and, when they do, often do not receive effective treatment. This article will present a case study of the effective treatment of specific phobia using cognitive-behavioral therapy with an emphasis on in vivo exposure. It will provide a template for how to conduct this efficient and effective therapy and suggest several benefits of incorporating this treatment into the repertoire offered by a college counseling center.     

Self–Efficacy Pathways Between Relational Aggression and Nonsuicidal Self–Injury

The authors recruited college students (N = 648) and investigated relationships among academic and social self–efficacy, relational aggression from parents and peers, and nonsuicidal self–injury (NSSI). Results indicated that both types of self–efficacy were related inversely to NSSI. Academic self–efficacy mediated the relationship between parental emotional abuse and NSSI, whereas social self–efficacy mediated the relationship between peer victimization and NSSI. Clinical implications of these findings for college counselors are discussed.     

Spirituality/Religiosity,Life Satisfaction,and Life Meaning as Protective Factors for Nonsuicidal Self‐Injury in College Students

The purpose of this study was to identify factors that may protect or insulate people from engaging in nonsuicidal self‐injury (NSSI). College students (N = 14,385) from 8 universities participated in a web‐based survey. Results of bivariate correlations and multiple regression revealed that spirituality/religiosity, life satisfaction, and life meaning were predictive of NSSI. The authors provide practice suggestions for college counselors and other professionals charged with helping those at risk for NSSI.     

The role of adverse childhood experiences as determinants of non-suicidal self-injury among children and adolescents referred to community and inpatient mental health settings

The objectives of this study were to examine the prevalence of, and determine the effect of adverse childhood experiences on non-suicidal self-injury among children and adolescents referred to community and inpatient mental health settings. Data for this study were obtained from the interRAI Child and Youth Mental Health dataset. A total of 2038 children and adolescents aged 8–18 years (M = 12.49; SD = 2.88, 61.1% males) were analyzed. Binary logistic regression was fitted to identify predictors of non-suicidal self-injury as a function of adverse childhood experiences, depression, and social support while simultaneously controlling for age, gender, type of patient, legal guardianship, marital status of parents/caregivers, history of foster family placement, and mental health diagnoses. Of the 2038 children and adolescents examined, 592 (29%) of this clinical sample engaged in non-suicidal self-injury. In the multivariate logistic regression model, children and adolescents who were physically abused had 49% higher odds of engaging in non-suicidal self-injury and children and adolescents who were sexually abused had 60% higher odds of engaging in non-suicidal self-injury, when compared to their non-abused counterparts. Other predictors of non-suicidal self-injury include: older age, female gender, inpatient status, depression, attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder, disruptive behavior disorder, and mood disorders. Children and adolescents who had some form of social support had a 26% decrease in the odds of engaging in non-suicidal self-injury. Assessment procedures for indicators of mental health, particularly among children and adolescents with a history of adverse childhood experiences, should also take into account non-suicidal self-injury. In addition to bolstering social support networks, addressing depression and related emotion regulation skills in childhood may help prevent future non-suicidal self-injury behaviors.     

Effectiveness of Short Term Dialectical Behavior Therapy Skills Training in College Students with Cluster B Personality Disorders

This pilot project investigates the efficacy of an 11-week dialectical behavior therapy skills training class in increasing adaptive skill use and emotion regulation in college students with cluster B personality disorders or traits. Subjects are students (N?=?19, mean age = 21.31, 1 male, 18 female) at a southeastern university counseling center. Students meeting criteria but not interested in attending the group were recruited to serve as control subjects who received treatment as usual. As compared to treatment as usual, dialectical behavior therapy participants had significant improvement in increasing skills use and decreasing maladaptive coping skills; there was a trend for improvement in difficulty regulating emotions.     

Nonsuicidal Self-Injury: Characteristics,Functions, and Strategies

Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a significant issue among college students but few resources are available to college mental health professionals. This article consolidates extant knowledge on NSSI from the empirical and clinical literature, including common NSSI characteristics (rates, methods, demographics, and concomitants), intrapersonal and social functions, and NSSI's relation to suicide. Practical strategies for assessing NSSI among students are presented, as are empirically informed treatments. With this knowledge, college mental health professionals will have a theoretical and practical understanding of NSSI and will be better equipped to work with students who self-injure.     

An Intake Template for Transgender,Transsexual, Genderqueer,Gender Nonconforming,and Gender Variant College Students Seeking Mental Health Services

As more students identify as transgender and genderqueer, it is essential that staff at college counseling centers are knowledgeable about gender diversity. This article provides a template for intake and initial assessment with transgender, transsexual, genderqueer, and gender nonconforming students. It familiarizes clinicians with gender-affirming language and offers a list of questions to ask. Topics covered include: gender history, coming out, self-injury, suicide, sexual orientation, binding, transition trajectories, options for gender expression, issues with diagnosis and recordkeeping, and interdisciplinary approaches to treatment. The intake is an opportunity to provide comfort and support for students of all genders.     

Applying Dialectical Behavior Therapy to Self‐Harm in College‐Age Men: A Case Study

Researchers suggest an increase in self‐harm among men. Specifically, college‐age men appear to be at risk for self‐harming behaviors, and counselors often overlook these behaviors in treatment. In this article, the authors describe the issue of self‐harm and illustrate the use of dialectical behavior therapy (DBT; Linehan, 2014 ) with male college students. The authors use a case study to illustrate the use of a modified form of DBT with a male college student who self‐harmed. Limitations of this approach and implications for college counselors are also addressed.     

A meta-analytic investigation of therapy modality outcomes for sexually abused children and adolescents: an exploratory study

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the current study was to investigate the independent effects of different treatment elements on a number of secondary problems related to childhood and adolescent sexual abuse, as well as investigate a number of different moderators of treatment effectiveness. METHOD: Twenty-eight studies that provided treatment outcome results for children and adolescents who had been sexually abused were included in the meta-analysis. Different aspects of psychological treatment, such as specific treatment modalities (individual, cognitive-behavioral, etc.) or secondary problems (behavior problems, psychological distress, etc.) were investigated. RESULTS: The overall mean weighted effect size for the meta-analysis was d=.72 (SE=.02). The results indicate that psychological treatment after childhood or adolescent sexual abuse tended to result in better outcomes than no treatment. There was significant heterogeneity in the effectiveness of the various psychological treatment elements. Play therapy seemed to be the most effective treatment for social functioning, whereas cognitive-behavioral, abuse-specific, and supportive therapy in either group or individual formats was most effective for behavior problems. Cognitive-behavioral, family, and individual therapy seemed to be the most effective for psychological distress, and abuse-specific, cognitive-behavioral, and group therapy appeared to be the most effective for low self-concept. CONCLUSIONS: The choice of therapy modality should depend on the child's main presenting secondary problem. Further research should be conducted investigating other possible moderators and secondary problem outcomes.     

Mandated Psychological Assessments for Suicide Risk in a College Population: A Pilot Study

This study was conducted to evaluate the impact of a protocol mandating psychological assessment of college students exhibiting specific signs of suicide risk and/or nonsuicidal self-harm. Thirty-seven current and former students who had been documented as at risk completed a structured interview in person or by phone. Outcomes suggest this protocol identifies students at risk for suicide, with 27% having made an attempt at some point in their lives and 50% having been suicidal at the time the report was written. The majority of participants endorsed the value of this intervention.     

An Integrative Approach: Relational Cultural Theory and Cognitive Behavior Therapy in College Counseling

This article presents an integrative framework for using cognitive behavior therapy through the lens of relational cultural theory. The authors provide an overview of cognitive behavior therapy and relational cultural theory, followed by suggestions on how to facilitate cognitive behavior therapy using the principles of relational cultural theory in college counseling. A case illustration is used to demonstrate the integration of cognitive behavior therapy and relational cultural theory.     

大学生和中学生对肿瘤早期检查认知状况的比较分析

目的:对比分析大中学生对肿瘤早期检查的认知和需求。方法:选取金华市1所中学和1所大学学生共568名进行调查与分析。结果:中学生对肿瘤相关的健康生活方式水平认知程度比大学生的认知程度低,中学生在对肿瘤可防可治和肿瘤早期筛查项目的认识程度低,大学生对肿瘤早期检查的态度比中学生更积极。结论:大中学生对肿瘤早期检查的认知程度较低,有关学校尤其是中学应重视开展肿瘤早期发现的健康教育工作。     

职业技术学院学生精神障碍教育咨询对策

通过建立院、系、班三级心理健康教育工作网络,广泛宣传心理健康知识,开设心理健康教育课,开展学生心理健康状况普查,建设好精神障碍学生的支持系统,综合运用认知疗法、行为疗法、支持疗法、森田疗法等方法,对精神障碍学生进行矫治,并取得较好效果。     

高中生考试焦虑的团体心理咨询实验研究

本实验研究了团体心理辅导在治疗高中三年级学生考试焦虑方面的效果。实验中,我们通过安排系列团体心理辅导活动,综合使用认知疗法和行为疗法,对检出的12名有中度以上考试焦虑的高三学生进行辅导,实验结果表明,团体心理咨询可以有效地降低高中三年级学生的焦虑水平。