Informed Consent in the Study of On-Line Communities: A Reflection on the Effects of Computer-Mediated Social Research

In studying on-line communities, researchers must consider the unique environmental factors involved in order to minimize potential harm to human subjects. In particular, the often commented upon disinhibiting effect of computer-mediated communication can encourage people to agree to or even insist on a kind of public exposure by which they may eventually be harmed. On the Internet, where perceptions of interpersonal affect and effects may be obscured by the nature of the medium itself, care must be taken to guard against not only any increased tendency for researchers to objectify subjects, but also the tendency for subjects to underestimate the potential consequences of consent. The criteria for informed consent that may be sufficient in face-toface research environments are not necessarily so in a medium in which subjective experience is easily objectified and information is easily devalued.     

Researching Internet Communities: Proposed Ethical Guidelines for the Reporting of Results

Communication researchers and social scientists are quickly discovering the value of data that exists in the postings of members of Internet e-mail, Usenet, and real-time groups. The ability to communicate with one's peers, no matter how esoteric the interests, is causing an explosion in the number of new virtual communities. The interpersonal dynamics of these groups are increasingly coming under the scrutiny of academic research. The publicly available archived records of Internet virtual communities are being analyzed for a wide variety of research interests. The ability to do naturalistic observations of group dynamics, as they are exhibited in these exchanges of text, has captured the attention of many researchers. The institutional review boards of major universities are granting researchers exempt or expedited (exempt from full review) status for this work, due to the public nature of the notes being analyzed. These studies often involve the lack of informed consent, where the group members under study are unaware they are being monitored. There is a potential for psychological harm to the members of these groups, depending on the way results are reported. This article explores the ethical considerations that must be taken into account to protect cyberspace participants. The guidelines proposed are based on the American Psychological Association ethical guidelines for use of human subjects in research. An explanation is offered as to how such guidelines can best be applied to the study of Internet communities. The constructs of Group Accessibility (the public/private nature of the actual cyberspace occupied by a group) and Perceived Privacy (the level of privacy that group members assume they have) are defined and proposed as two dimensions by which individual Internet communities may be evaluated in order to assure the ethical reporting of research findings.     

Introduction: A Debate about the Ethics of Fair Practices for Collecting Social Science Data in Cyberspace

Most of us prefer "doing right" to the opposite. But sometimes it is not easy to determine either what constitutes right conduct or how to do it. In this special ethics issue of TIS, scholars involved in cyberspace research explore the problem of "doing right" in terms of research subjects. The participants here draw from their own research and the ethical dilemmas they confronted. The offerings illustrate how diverse ethical theories can lead to different views over which, or even whether, new formal guidelines are needed for on-line research.     

社会科学研究应用自然科学方法的合理性反思

作者认为社会科学领域可以适度地借鉴与运用自然科学方法，并从应用的必要性及可能性方面进行了合理性反思。其必要性源于研究对象的统一性，是科学自身发展的需要，是时代的呼唤和学科优势互补的客观要求；而共同的本体论基础、认识论前提、方法论要求和现实基础则为其提供了可能性根据。     

人文社会科学评价研究综述

人文社会科学在整个科学体系中占有重要地位,对其作出科学、公正、合理和准确的评价意义重大。国内对人文社会科学评价的研究主要集中在评价理论、评价方法、评价标准和指标、评价实践等方面。     

人文社科研究基地信息化建设研究

信息化建设是当前人文社科研究基地的一个重要课题,也是一项重要任务。本文在对我国人文社科研究基地信息化建设的现状和面临的困境系统分析的基础上,提出了推进人文社科研究基地信息化建设的实施体系。     

智能化建设在平安社区中的应用研究

平安社区作为构建和谐社会的重要载体,其智能化建设直接关系到平安社区的发展水平.本文从构建平安社区新格局、促进城市健康发展、调动公众参与平安社区建设三方面进行分析,体现出智能化建设在构建平安社区的重要作用.同时,本文针对智能化建设在平安社区中面临的智能水平、信息安全、队伍建设、资金来源等问题进行相关研究.     

我国社会统计数据空间化研究综述

社会统计数据的空间化是数字地球的重要内容之一,也是当前地理学和社会科学共同研究的热点问题之一,文章通过总结田内社会统计数据空间代的研究,归纳了国内社会统计数据空间化研究中的关键问题,指出了在研究内容、空间化方法等研究的主要进展,在此基础上针对当前田内统计数据空间化存在的一些问题,提出今后社会统计数据空间化应当加强RS、GIS、GPS和社会实地调查的结合,完善统计数据空间化数据库以及构建综合的理论体系.     

寓教于研的社会工作教学实践研究——以“社会政策概论”课程为例

基于社会工作者的能力目标和杜威的＂做中学＂理论提出寓教于研的社会工作教学实践的现实依据和理论依据,并以社会政策概论课程为例,提出寓教于研的具体实施路径。     

Research collaboration and research output: A longitudinal study of 65 biomedical scientists in a New Zealand university

Collaborative research has been increasingly celebrated by the science community, but the hypothesized positive relationship between research collaboration and research output is more assumed than rigorously tested. In this paper, we identify three methodological gaps in the literature: (a) hierarchical coding based on the ISI Web of Science database causes severe loss of information on local collaboration, (b) the relationship between research collaboration and research output is likely to be confounded by a common latent variable such as a scientist's ability, and (c) the lack of longitudinal analysis prevents causal inferences from being made. To address these methodological concerns, we constructed a longitudinal dataset of 65 biomedical scientists at a New Zealand university and coded collaboration variables by hand checking each of their publications in a period of 14 years. We found that at article level, both within-university collaboration and international collaboration are positively related to an article's quality and that, at scientist-year level, only international collaboration is positively related to a scientist's future research output.     

社区社会组织在创新社会管理中的作用研究

随着现代社会的发展、多元化管理主体的重塑,社区社会组织作为基层领域最基本的组织在社会管理中发挥了重要作用。本文首先论述创新社会管理的背景与社区社会组织的涵义,继而阐述社区社会组织在推进社区公益事业、社区居民和谐共处、整合社区资源、社区文化的传播及行使部分政府职能这五个方面对创新社会管理所起的作用。最后,本文引入社会工作理念,论述引进社工人才、融入专业方法、运用社工理念以利于社区社会组织在创新社会管理中的作用发挥。     

市场信息非对称的社会经济后果及对策研究

本文阐述了非对称信息的含义、性质及特征,指出了信息非对称的社会经济后果并提出了相应的对策。     

关于山东工业推进产业转移的研究

推进产业转移是落实全省区域发展战略、发挥比较优势、实现特色发展和差异化发展的重要举措。目前国家已启动了《产业转移指导目录》的编制工作。本文就山东工业加快推进产业转移,实现产业结构升级和优化布局、促进经济协调可持续发展进行了探讨,阐述了现阶段山东工业推进产业转移的意义、基本方向以及保障措施。     

Universities and Communities: A Case Study of Change in the Management of a University

The role of universities has been evolving over the last 20 years, from a focus on teaching and research towards an enabling, partnership role with industry, government and communities in their proximate geographical spaces. Universities are increasingly linked to place. This paper reports on a case study of a peri‐urban Australian university that has chosen to link its identity with the development of its proximate communities. In doing so, a number of levers of change have been employed, amidst ‘push’ and ‘pull’ factors that have challenged the institutionalisation of change. The strategies employed by university managers have included: industry, government and community participation in university governance; a cooperative education programme; and changes to systems for promotion, performance and recognition. There have been a number of obstacles to change, some of which continue to beset the embedding of a focus on regional and community engagement. Although at a formative stage, this change is already showing promising results. The change levers employed provide some interesting insights for university managers, academic staff and students of organisational change, more generally.     

企事业单位上网行为管理研究

针对企事业单位员工在使用互联网方面面临的工作效率低、带宽滥用、机密泄露、病毒泛滥等问题,提出了企事业单位上网行为管理的对策,以提供一个高效、规范和安全的上网环境。     

SNS研究综述

归纳了以往研究所涉及到的六个方面:SNS的内涵、隐私设置、影响网民使用SNS的因素、SNS的功能、SNS的影响、SNS和传统社区以及虚拟社区的比较.通过对相关文献的梳理和评述,探讨了当前研究的不足和未来的研究方向.     

证券市场行业研究的新进展与评述

证券市场行业研究理论与方法包括行业竞争的五力分析、资产组合理论以及资本资产定价理论在行业资产组合中的应用等,但是仍然不能解决行业资产战略配置中的理论指导问题,因此近年来基于行为金融和市场微观结构理论的行业价格指数的各种研究方法和理论不断完善了行业研究理论。但这些研究也存在理论体系不完整的缺陷,因此未来的研究方向是在理论内部整合的基础上,走向与传统行业资产研究理论与方法的融合。     

战略性人力资源管理研究评析

战略人力资源管理可使企业获取持续的竞争优势,本文从探讨战略性人力资源管理的内涵、特征出发,讨论了战略人力资源管理的分析层次、研究线索与观点模式,对基研究模型和实证进行了分析综述.     

科研项目实施过程的质量控制研究

科研项目的不确定性和作为管理对象的特殊性决定了科研项目实施过程的质量控制的特殊性和复杂性,其管理决策是一个复杂的系统管理过程。本文在分析了科研项目实施过程管理的特殊性的基础上,讨论了科研项目质量管理的组织形式和沟通机制,提出了科研项目实施过程的质量管理模式。讨论了科研项目质量、成本和进度等实施要素的控制协调,最后提出了提高科研项目实施过程质量管理效果的建议。     

国内外企业社会责任研究文献对比——基于内容分析法

通过对国内外8个全文电子期刊数据库有关企业社会责任的研究文献在不同数据库检索数量、文献分布年代、期刊刊载文献质量、期刊情况及研究方法的对比分析,梳理出国内与国外在企业社会责任研究主题、研究动态与研究趋势方面的差异,指明了国内与国外的研究差距并提出了缩小差距的对策和建议.