Advocacy for gender minority students: recommendations for school counsellors

Abstract

Research shows that teachers’ and educators’ responses to gender diversity issues in schools either improves or limits the experiences of students. The school counsellor has an important role to play in this process by working closely with other stakeholders to advocate for transgender, intersex and genderqueer (TIG) students. Following a review of recent developments in the USA, recommendations are made and resources identified to assist school counsellors in validating TIG students, and improving school systems in pursuit of their academic, social and emotional success.     

Beyond a binary: The lives of gender‐nonconforming youth

Sue Rankin and Genny Beemyn report on results from the first large‐scale study of transgender diversity; they describe the gender identity development processes of transsexual, cross‐dressing, and genderqueer individuals and suggest ways that colleges and universities can disrupt binary gender systems.     

Ladylike/butch,sporty/dapper: exploring ‘gender climate’ with Australian LGBTQ students using stage–environment fit theory

Research with lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgendered, queer, questioning (LGBTQ) and genderqueer (GQ) students has highlighted the links between school-based marginalisation and decreased school outcomes. This paper applies stage–environment fit theory to an investigation of school ‘gender climate’, the official and unofficial policing of gender expression by school staff and students, to explore what role gender climate plays in the above relationship. Three school life components associated with stage–environment fit theory – (1) the organisational, (2) the instructional and (3) the interpersonal – were used to scaffold interview data on school gender climate from five LGBTQ Australian young people. Results implicate school staff in the maintenance of gender climate and highlight the deleterious impact of school silences on related subject matter.     

School experiences of transgender and gender diverse students in Australia

Over the last decade, there has been an increase in global and local policy protections on the basis of gender identity and expression in education and a recent spate of coverage of transgender students on Australian television and news media. This paper explores the school experiences of Australian transgender and gender diverse students', with particular consideration of recognition of their gender identity in documentation, experiences of puberty and sexuality education, treatment by staff and students, and other forms of provision. It reports on the findings of a 2013 study which combined a survey of 189 transgender and gender diverse Australian students aged 14–25 years, with 16 online interviews with members of this group. The study was informed by a community advisory group which included a range of transgender, gender diverse and intersex people. Findings include both quantitative and qualitative data, detailing a trend towards more disruptive, fluid and inconsistent identifications by members of this student group, and a diversification of their needs at school. Student advocacy on topics including sexuality and puberty education was shown to be common and also useful in improving individual well-being and social outcomes. We offer some reflections towards more useful school practices and future research.     

基于社会性别平等维度的师范教育

科学的社会性别平等教育对和谐社会的建设至关重要。师范院校因其示范性、人文性、延续性的特点,在加强大学生性别平等教育方面责无旁贷。要从培养学生正确的社会性别意识着手,把科学的性别平等意识纳入课程、教育内容和教学方法改革中,对师范生进行全方位的性别教育,努力做好性别平等工作,推进社会正常、有序、和谐发展。     

Gender Development in Transgender Preschool Children

An increasing number of transgender children—those who express a gender identity that is “opposite” their natal sex—are socially transitioning, or presenting as their gender identity in everyday life. This study asks whether these children differ from gender‐typical peers on basic gender development tasks. Three‐ to 5‐year‐old socially transitioned transgender children (n = 36) did not differ from controls matched on age and expressed gender (n = 36), or siblings of transgender and gender nonconforming children (n = 24) on gender preference, behavior, and belief measures. However, transgender children were less likely than both control groups to believe that their gender at birth matches their current gender, whereas both transgender children and siblings were less likely than controls to believe that other people's gender is stable.     

大学生爱情观与性别角色及其关系

大学阶段正是大学生发展亲密关系的关键时期。文章探讨大学生的爱情与性别角色的概念、相关理论以及关系,有利于大学生建立亲密合理的爱情关系,同时为专业心理咨询与辅导工作者在为大学生的情感问题提供咨询与辅导时,提供一定的借鉴。     

高中生对语文教师的性别接受与期待

关于中学生对语教师性别接受和期待的研究不仅可以揭示中学生的性别认知状况，而且可在一定程度上反映语教师在教学风格和教学效果等方面的性别差异。依据自编调查问卷，对北京市三所学校的117名高一年级学生进行了调查。研究发现，中学生对女语教师的接受和喜爱程度高于对男教师；他们普遍认为女性更适合做语教师；但学生对不同性别语教师的期待没有明显差异；遇到过男语教师的同学对语教师的性别期待表现出比较大的灵活性。中学生认为男女语教师在教学优势和教学风格方面有显的差异。因此，就中学生对语教师的性别接受和性别期待的可能影响因素、男女教师在教学优势和教学风格方面的差异及其可能原因和后果等进行讨论是有意义的。     

The policyscape of transgender equality and gender diversity in the Western Australian education system: a case study

ABSTRACT

In this paper, our purpose is to investigate policy informing texts and discourses referencing transgender equality and gender diversity in the Western Australian education system. Drawing on scholarship from transgender, queer and policy studies, we highlight the interplay of progressive and conservative forces affecting the Western Australian education system’s commitment to supporting transgender and gender non-binary students. Based on a Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (SSHRC) project, the paper constructs a Western Australian case study, which threads together the critical examination of policy informing texts, qualitative interview data and media discourses surrounding public narratives, such as the Safe School Coalition Australia’s attempt to implement a school program, which builds awareness about gender and sexual diversity. Emerging through the material, discursive and spatial elements of locales and networks, our case study has the potential to deepen knowledge regarding the heuristic capacity of employing policyscape as an analytic category. In this vein, we draw attention to the possibilities and challenges for re-conceptualizing gender and providing trans-affirmative school spaces that promote equality.     

对当代大学生性别文化现状的分析与思考

性别文化是一个社会文化内涵的重要组成部分,目前大学生的性别文化发展情况是已经具有了平等意识、主体意识,但是,仍然带有一定的局限性、模糊性和刻板印象。因此,我们要引导大学生树立先进、和谐的性别文化观。     

Problematizing the cisgendering of school washroom space: interrogating the politics of recognition of transgender and gender non-conforming youth

ABSTRACT

This paper examines how transgender and gender non-conforming youth are represented and shaped as specific subjects vis-à-vis the cisgendered problematics of the washroom space in schools. In the first part of the paper, I undertake a critical analysis of one policy-informing text on the implementation of the gender neutral washroom in schools to consider how the transgender and gender non-conforming student is constituted through specific discourses of accommodation, submission and protection that delimit their recognisability and force a potential risk of misrecognition. I also draw upon my own empirical research [Ingrey, Jennifer C. 2014. “The Public School Washroom as Heterotopia: Gendered Spatiality and Subjectification.” PhD diss., University of Western Ontario] to prioritize transgender and genderqueer voices and provide an analysis of the practice of recognition. The analysis is grounded in [Foucault, Michel. 1980. Power/Knowledge: Selected Interviews and Other Writings, 1972–1977. Translated and edited by Colin Gordon. New York, NY: Pantheon Books; Foucault, Michel. 2000. “Afterword: The Subject and Power.” In Michel Foucault: Power, edited by James D. Faubion and Paul Rabinow, 326–348. New York, NY: The New Press] the analytics of subjectivation and pastoral power, [Butler, Judith. 2004. Undoing Gender. New York, NY: Routledge] the politics of recognition of the self, [Juang’s, Richard M. 2006. “Transgendering the Politics of Recognition.” In The Transgender Studies Reader, edited by Susan Stryker, and Stephen Whittle, 706–719. New York, NY: Routledge] transgendering of the politics of recognition, alongside [Bacchi’s, Carol. 2009. Analysing Policy: What’s the Problem Represented to Be? Pearson: Frenchs Forest, NSW] critical approach to policy analysis.     

高职院校学生性别意识现状调查及性别教育措施

高职学生的性别意识影响其全面成长和高职教育目标的实现.研究发现,高职生性别刻板印象广泛存在,学生普遍缺乏科学的性别知识,其原因主要在于高职院校性别教育相关环节的缺失.针对高职学生性别意识特点,高职院校应从教育理念、课程设置、教学方法、教师队伍及教育环境等方面出发,让性别教育进入高职教育的各环节,将社会性别意识渗透到人才培养的全过程,以提升学生的性别意识.     

Sex and gender in transition in US schools: ways forward

Abstract

This paper examines the current state of law and policy in relation to US transgender youth and their lived experiences. We approach this from different disciplinary backgrounds, identities, and ways of writing terms related to gender identity. We begin with an examination of the current legal climate in the USA and explore how students have pushed back against gender and sexuality norms even in a restrictive climate. Some transformations are already happening in public schools and some backlash, too, is being felt. Laws and policies in some locations are encouraging students, teachers, school leaders and community members to collaborate in making schools more educationally concerned about trans student success and teaching the school community about gender diversity. In shifting among scales and experiences of youth thinking and working on gender, we aim to emphasise youth agency and outline young people’s frustrations at the obstacles related to trans, gender dissidence and sexuality. In conclusion, we point to changes that can be made in schools to help professionals understand how policy and curricular innovation can bolster the openings that trans, gender creative and gender non-binary youth are already creating, whether or not those opportunities are officially recognised.     

师生性别因素与英语教学效果的关系研究

我国高校英语专业学生对于同性教师和异性教师教学风格和效果的评价存在差异,师生性别的异同与学生学习成绩具有相关性。问卷调查和课堂观察的结果表明：在英语学习中,高比例的女教师授课应当是女学生英语成绩明显高于男学生的重要原因之一;成绩优秀的学生更能有效地减少教师性别因素对其学习造成的负面影响;性别不同的教师所擅长讲授的科目和内容有所不同。     

论学校教育视域里的性别文化建构

学校教育与性别文化建构存在非常密切的关联 ,建构先进性别文化的教育突显三个主要特征。在学校教育领域 ,存在三个影响较大的制约性别文化建构因素 :异化教育的观念与机制、教师的落后性别观念、课程中大量性别偏见的存在。教育要在性别文化研究、教育研究和实践性别分析视角的引入、女教师人力资源开发和人本管理、相关课程改造与建设、开发有效学习途径、教学运用感性审美原则、改变学生传统学习方式、建设班级女生性别文化、消除教师性别刻板印象和尊重差异、对女生进行挫折教育等方面做出努力。     

Gender and sexuality diversity and schooling: progressive mothers speak out

Abstract

Although social acceptance of gender and sexuality diversity is growing in Australian society, in schools, visibility and inclusion of knowledge pertaining to those who are gender- and/or sexuality-diverse, such as lesbians, gay men and transgender people, remain marginalised. This may be due, in part, to a belief that parents are opposed to such content inclusions in their children’s education; yet, virtually no Australian research supports this belief nor have parental perspectives on gender and sexuality diversity inclusion been specifically examined. This paper draws on a broader research study that examined New South Wales parents’ perceptions about the visibility of gender and sexuality diversity and the inclusion or exclusion of related content in school curriculum. It focuses on one particular focus group comprised of only mothers who lived in a specific enclave of Sydney known for its gender and sexuality diversity. The discussion highlights their awareness of gender and sexuality diversity and the dynamics surrounding it; and their perceptions of local school approaches to, and limitations around, gender and sexuality diversity in school curricula, policy and practices, despite potential support for it.     

社会性别视角下的中国当代文学教学

将社会性别视角引入中国当代文学教学中可以培养学生具有更开阔、更具包容性的视野,为中国当代文学教学研究提供新的知识资源。有利于引导学生先进性别观的建立,纠正文学作品中的性别偏见,促使学生构建健康完善的人格,增强女大学生的主体意识。     

关于中学生家长对中学生性别角色期望的调查

为了解中学生家长对中学生未来性别角色发展的期望,本研究采用性别角色期望调查表调查了1 591名中学生家长,结果发现：中学阶段,男生家长对男生的性别角色期望更趋近于男性化,女生家长对女生的性别角色期望更趋近于双性化。男生家长期望男生在下列特质中高于女生：有幽默感、喜欢运动、胆大、不屈不挠、侠义心肠、豪放、好动、奔放、文质彬彬;女生家长期望女生在下列特质中高于男生：快乐、善良、乐观的、自立、开朗、爱整洁、和气、心细、洁身自好、纯真、文雅、温顺、温柔、文静、贤淑。