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马海红 《中国现代教育装备》2010,(20):104-106
现今多媒体学习逐渐成为一种发展趋势,但是如何有效的利用多媒体促进学习,产生良好的学习效果,目前关于这方面的研究却未得到一致的结论。国外有很多关于多媒体学习的研究,其中针对传统学习与多媒体学习的比较研究或是对单一的具体媒体而进行的研究比较多,将视、听整合起来进行的研究较少,将几种媒体相互组合的比较研究则更少,而且缺少对媒体的概括性特征(如视、听特征)的实证研究。 相似文献
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多媒体学习研究近年来得到了教育心理学、教育技术学、认知心理学的广泛关注,本文通过相关文献分析。在总结三代多媒体学习研究的基础上.重点介绍目前在该领域处于领先地位的美国教育心理学家迈耶等人近十年来的研究成果。 相似文献
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媒体组合与学习步调对多媒体学习影响的眼动实验研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
多媒体学习已经成为一种发展趋势,但是关于多媒体学习是否有效的研究,并未得到一致结论。只有依据人的心理生理活动方式设计的多媒体教学信息,才可能使学习者进行有意义的学习。而目前关于多媒体学习的研究,研究者大多采用传统的问卷调查、学习后的测试等方法进行,对技术的关注超越了教育理论以及心理理论的研究,对于最能反映学习过程的学习者的视觉和听觉心理生理极少关注。本文结合Mayer的多媒体学习生成理论和认知负荷理论,利用现代眼动记录技术,从视觉心理生理的层面,揭示媒体组合与学习步调对多媒体学习者的信息加工、认知负荷和学习效果影响的基本规律,为多媒体学习的研究提供心理学依据,并为多媒体教学设计和资源开发提供有效的建议。 相似文献
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多媒体学习研究的演进 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
在起源于教育领域之外的多媒体学习责源(像光盘和网络)大规模涌入之前,关于多媒体对学习的影响方面的实验研究已经有几十年的时间。尽管研究的结果并不是决定性的,但是前两代多媒体研究帮助我们确定了影响有效多媒体设计的要素。本文总结了现有研究的结论.评述了每一代多媒体研究的主要理论问题、研究方向以及不足之处。论文还讨论了已经开始受到人们关注的第三代多媒体设计和学习研究新动向,也提出了若干未来发展趋势的建议。 相似文献
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基于工作记忆的多媒体学习设计 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
工作记忆的存储与加工特点是影响多媒体学习有效性的关键因素之一。本文基于认知心理学中关于工作记忆以及工作记忆模型的已有研究成果,重点分析了四种以工作记忆研究为基础的多媒体学习设计模型,在此基础上探讨为提高多媒体学习环境的有效性,在设计过程中需要关注的若干问题。 相似文献
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基于多媒体学习认知理论,分析学习者在利用多媒体进行外语学习时的信息加工规律,结合大学英语教师信息素养中的信息处理能力和整合能力,提出多媒体教学设计的七个原则,探讨符合学习者认知特点和认知规律的多媒体信息呈现方式。 相似文献
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基于知识反转效应的多媒体学习环境设计 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
设计适应学习者知识和能力水平的学习环境一直是教学设计领域非常关注的重要内容.本文在认知负荷.理论的框架下分析学习者知识水平与教学设计策略交互作用形成的一种重要现象——知识反转效应,并说明其在..多媒体学习环境中的具体体现(在知识呈现形式、超文本、学习者控制、教学引导中的知识反转效应),据此分析适应性多媒体学习环境设计的相关问题,并提出相应的解决策略. 相似文献
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梅耶的多媒体学习理论是建立在坚实的理论基础和可靠的实证经验基础上的科学体系。多媒体学习的认知理论是理解多媒体学习的关键。双重通道假设、容量有限假设和主动加工假设是梅耶构建多媒体学习认知理论的基石,也是整个多媒体学习科学体系的逻辑起点。这三大假设赖以成立的理论前提正是双重编码理论、工作记忆模型、生成学习理论和认知负荷理论,由此构成了多媒体学习的理论基础。具体而言,双重编码理论和工作记忆模型为多媒体学习的认知理论构建提供了关键概念与元素;生成学习理论则为多媒体学习的认知理论构建提供了基本的解释性框架;多媒体学习的认知理论正是由这些关键概念、元素和解释性框架整合而成;而认知负荷理论则以多媒体学习的认知理论为基础,进而为多媒体教学的系列设计原理提供了关键支撑。 相似文献
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在多媒体学习中减少认知负荷的9种方法 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
本文首先提出多媒体学习理论和认知超载概念,然后研究了5种认知超载的情境,并对每种超载情境,提出了一个或者两个基于理论的减少认知负荷的建议。 相似文献
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Animation has an inherent advantage over static graphics when presenting dynamic content because it provides a more accurate and realistic depiction. Simultaneously, animation has an inherent disadvantage because most animated information is perceptually transient. In this quasi-experimental study, cognitive load theory was used to investigate the extent to which animation’s transience could be ameliorated with the incorporation of a pause/play feature or a tracing feature that lets previous information remain visually available on screen instead of disappearing after a brief display. Continuous animation, animation with pause/play and their equivalent static graphics, each designed with either a trace or no trace, were used to instruct 228 post-secondary technical education students on how an electrical circuit works. All formats were accompanied with the same on-screen text. The pattern of results, especially the interactions, indicated that animation with a pause/play format obtained the highest efficiency in the no tracing condition, while the continuous animation format obtained the highest efficiency in the tracing condition. These results suggest that by restructuring the dynamic information, the negative instructional consequences of the transient nature of animation can be counteracted to make it more efficient for learning than static graphics. 相似文献
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多媒体教学能够促进有意义的学习,同时多媒体学习受认知负荷的影响又是十分明显的。在多媒体学习理论框架内研究了具体多媒体学习情境下的认知超负荷现象,提出了相应的减负方法。 相似文献
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The purpose of this qualitative research was to explore (a) how graduate students interpret their experiences with the use of e-books for learning, (b) which reasons influence their preference for e-books or printed books when they learn, (c) how they perceive the impact e-books have on their learning, and (d) how they compare learning experiences between the use of a given printed book and an e-book containing similar content but also offering additional multimedia options. Participants consisted of 20 graduate students from one midsize university in the United States. The major findings of this research were that graduate students generally prefer using e-books to printed texts. When studying and preparing for an exam, however, graduate students will only supersede their familiarity with printed text if a given e-book offers similar content as the printed text and provides additional resources. Research implications and recommendations for future research were also provided. 相似文献
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Han-Chin Liu 《Interactive Learning Environments》2013,21(5):503-517
This study utilized qualitative and quantitative designs and eye-tracking technology to understand how viewers process multimedia information. Eye movement data were collected from eight college students (non-science majors) while they were viewing web pages containing different types of text and illustrations depicting the mechanism of atmospheric pressure and the formation of sea and land winds. The results showed that participants' eyes were fixated more often on the text than on the illustrations. Breaking the instructional multimedia into small successive segments did not seem to increase the number of eye fixations on the illustrations. Participants alternated their eye fixations on related components of the illustrations while focusing on verbs or sentences representing the kinematics of the weather systems. Text seemed to provide more detailed explanations than pictures and therefore served as the main resource for understanding the content. Scan paths revealed that participants were likely to be distracted by decorative icons in the illustrations. The decorative icons also created a split-attention effect on students' cognitive processing. Eye-tracking technology was found to be a valuable tool for achieving the objectives of this study, and it provided insights into students' cognitive processes during multimedia learning. Discussion and suggestions for instructional designers and future studies are provided. 相似文献
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把握学习性质 善用媒体促进——梅耶的多媒体学习认知观简介 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
梅耶提出的与设计在线教学相关的多媒体学习理论,有反应强化、知识获得和意义建构三种方式;无效学习、机械学习和意义学习三种结果;双向通道、容量有限和主动加工三个假设以及五种认知过程等。 相似文献
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随着现代信息技术的发展和运用,出现了以多媒体CAI(Computer Assisted Instruction)为代表的现代英语教学方式,为普通高校大学英语教学改革提供了契机。文章借建构主义学习理论与自主学习理论探究多媒体CAI环境下的大学英语自主学习模式的构建,旨在培养学生的英语语用能力和自主学习意识。 相似文献
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如何对数学学习困难儿童进行有效干预是很多教育工作者关心的问题。已有研究表明,工作记忆的缺陷是数学学习困难的根本原因。而基于认知负荷理论的教学设计正是针对人的工作记忆容量有限这一特点,利用多媒体来促进意义学习的完成。文章试图以工作记忆为桥梁,结合认知负荷理论,提出几条针对数学学习困难儿童的多媒体教学的干预措施,并指出了将来的研究方向。 相似文献
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Chun-Ying Chen 《Interactive Learning Environments》2016,24(4):859-874
This study investigated the influence of cognitive support for learning computer-based tasks using animated demonstration (AD) on instructional efficiency. Cognitive support included (1) segmentation and learner control introducing interactive devices that allow content sequencing through a navigational menu, and content pacing through stop and play buttons along with a slide bar for fast forward and rewind; (2) presentation modality and (3) a hybrid approach using a combined format of ADs with static graphics. Instructional efficiency was a combined effect of time-on-task during the learning phase and test performance. Time-on-task was included as a measurement to determine whether this would provide an alternative explanation for the benefits of learner control. Three learner-paced conditions with different types of cognitive support were developed, whereas a system-paced format, created without additional cognitive support, was used as a control condition. The learning task of this study was using graphic vector-based software Bezier tools to trace a cartoon. The results tended to suggest that the combination of different types of cognitive support (i.e. presenting the accompanying explanations as written captions to the learner-paced AD in visual-only instruction or combining learner-paced AD with static graphics in dual-modality instruction) had a positive effect, while learner pacing alone had not a significant positive effect. 相似文献
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高艳 《读与写:教育教学刊》2011,(6):10+12+207
本文根据自主学习理论,分析了多媒体网络教学的特点,提出改变传统的大学英语教学模式,在多媒体网络信息环境下培养大学生的自主英语学习能力的可行性和必要性,符合时代和社会的发展要求。 相似文献