Planning and implementation of nonformal education projects in rural Thailand

This is a study of the factors that cause success and failure of implementation of rural nonformal education projects. The research indicates that late release of funds, the lack of a consistent plan, the lack of understanding of the roles and duties of staff, and conflicts between staff are the major problems in implementing nonformal education projects. Moreover, the successful achievement of nonformal education projects depends on co-ordination among organizations concerned, in matters of target groups, times of project implementation, and budgets. In addition, implementation should emphasize people's participation in project identification. The following changes are needed for more effective co-ordination: two-way communication in a horizontal line, the development of a workable administrative system and of similar attitudes and perceptions of staff in all organizations. In addition to these factors, staff experience is also important for successful co-ordination.

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Zusammenfassung In dem vorliegenden Bericht werden die Faktoren untersucht, die Erfolg bzw. Mißerfolg bei der Anwendung von nicht-formalen Erziehungsprojekten in ländlichen Gebieten beeinflußen. Die Forschungsergebnisse zeigen, daß die späte Bereitstellung von Geldern, das Fehlen eines schlüssigen Planes, das mangelnde Verständnis von der Rolle und den Aufgaben des Personals, sowie die Konflikte innerhalb des Personals die Hauptprobleme bei der Anwendung von nicht-formalen Erziehungsprojekten darstellen. Darüberhinaus hängt die erfolgreiche Abwicklung von nicht-formalen Erziehungsprojekten von der Koordinierung der betreffenden Organisationen ab, was die Zielgruppen, den Zeitpunkt der Projektdurchführung und die Budgets angeht. Zusätzlich sollte bei der Durchführung die Teilnahme aller bei der Projektidentifikation betont werden. Die folgenden Veränderungen sind für eine wirksamere Koordinierung erforderlich: eine beidseitige Kommunikation auf horizontaler Ebene, die Entwicklung eines durchführbaren Verwaltungssystems sowie gleichartige Haltungen und Wahrnehmungen des Personals in allen Organisationen. Außerdem ist die Erfahrung des Personals ebenfalls ein wichtiger Faktor für eine erfolgreiche Koordinierung.

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Résumé Le présent article est une étude des facteurs de succès ou d'échec de la mise en uvre des projets ruraux d'éducation non formelle. Cette analyse indique que l'attribution tardive des fonds, l'inexistence d'un plan cohérent, le manque de compréhension pour les rôles et les tâches du personnel ainsi que les conflits qui règnent au sein du personnel constituent les problèmes majeurs de la mise en uvre des projets d'éducation non formelle. En outre, le succès de l'exécution des projets d'éducation non formelle est tributaire de la coordination entre les organisations concernées pour les questions relatives aux groupes-cibles, au calendrier de mise en uvre du projet et au budget. Lors de la mise en uvre, un accent devrait également être placé sur la participation du peuple à l'identification du projet. Les changements nécessaires pour parvenir à une coordination plus efficace sont les suivants: une communication à double sens sur une ligne horizontale, le développement d'un système administratif pratique et d'attitudes ou de perceptions du même type chez le personnel de toutes les organisations. En sus de tous ces facteurs, l'expérience du personnel est d'une importance capitale pour une coordination réussie.

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This research was supported by the Canadian International Development Agency through the Broad-based Development Project at A.I.T. The research was part of the M.Sc. requirements for a degree in rural development planning of Ms Ubon Hugkuntod. Support of the Governments of France and of Belgium (Belgian Administration for Development Co-operation), through a scholarship and a secondment respectively, is gratefully acknowledged.     

Gifted students' individual differences in distance-learning computer-based calculus and linear algebra

We examine student performance in computer-based calculus and linear algebra courses offered by Stanford University to pre-college students of high mathematical ability. Our analysis puts special emphasis on modeling student performance over time and on capturing long-term trend effects. The sequential nature of students' responses to course exercises is characterized through the use of stochastic and nonlinear models. We find that student performance varies widely within this group for a variety of different measures, including error rates, times to completion, progress rates, and latency of response. In addition, we measure the informational efficiency of the courses through a Markov order analysis of student response sequences. For the performance measures studied, the 75th and the 25th percentile of sampled values differ by a factor of approximately two. We also find that there is little correlation among the performance measures, which suggests that student performance in this ability range may not be well characterized by any single performance measure or ability parameter.     

Outdoor projects

Springtime bringswarm sunny weather; children who may have been cooped up inside are ready and eager to get outdoors for lots of active play. Projects and art activities can also be moved out into the sunshine. You can set up shop in the playground or backyard, or even on a sidewalk, driveway or back porch. A sturdy picnic table will make aperfect setting for arts and crafts, or building projects and learning games.Carolyn Buhai Haas has written many creative activity books for parents, teachers, and childen. Her new book,Look at me: Activities for Babies and Toddlers is available for $6.95 plus $1.00 for postage and handling from CBH Publishing, Box 236-D, Glencoe, IL 60022.     

Staff development in information technology for special needs: a new, distance-learning course at Keele University

Whilst information technology has much to offer people with special needs, the availability of staff training in the use of special-needs IT in the UK and Europe is sparse. Keele University, with over a decade of experience in research and in supporting and training staff in the use of information technology, has launched a new, distance-learning course. This article describes the course background, its structure, and feedback from the first cohort of students. Results suggest that the course strikes an effective balance between the need of distance-learning students for face-to-face contact with peers and tutors, and the difficulties faced by students wishing to attend training whilst in full-time employment who are geographically distant. The course structure appears appropriate for a wide range of special-needs settings and the curriculum seems to have an appropriate mix of background theory and practical application. Difficulties faced with computer conferencing became apparent, which need to be addressed in future. The course could be a model for further staff development opportunities in IT for special-needs professionals.     

全国教育科学"九五"规划课题成果简介(二)

课题名称：《中小学生阅读过程的心理加工模式与阅读能力的培养》 课题类别：教育部重点 学科分类：教育心理 课题承担人：华南师范大学莫雷 联系地址：广州石牌 510631 　　课题主要进行了三方面的研究。 　　(1)关于文章宏观阅读的信息加工过程的研究。内容包括文章自然阅读理解、任务阅读、快速阅读、概括文章主题的信息加工过程以及文章阅读过程的精加工推理过程等。系统揭示了文章阅读的信息加工机制，中小学生阅读过程信息加工方式。例如，研究表明，快速阅读文章的过程，主要是一个更多地利用概念推动，较少地需要材料信息的“预期—…     

International university projects

An outline is given of four separate proposals for the creation of international institutions in higher education: the European University Institute (EEC); the European Institute for the Promotion of Multi-media Distant Study Systems in Higher Education (Council of Europe); the European Centre for Higher Education (UNES-CO); and the United Nations International University.     

Education projects ease handicaps

From a distance, the Williams Field Accommodation School looks like any other grade school. Located within the gates of Williams Air Force Base in Arizona, the school is composed of several buildings and a fenced-in playground. There is one difference, however, that sets this grade school apart.Michael P. Richmond, Airman 1st Class, is a public affairs specialist serving at Williams Air Force Base in Arizona.     

Undergraduate projects in mathematics

Conclusion We have claimed that project work introduces the student to a wide range of mathematical activities: critical reading, selection of material, mathematical exposition, talking about mathematics, formulation of problems, investigation of open problems, and so forth. It also encourages an active personal involvement in mathematics. Our aim in presenting this report has been to focus attention on some of the questions facing university mathematics teachers at this time, in the hope that others may be encouraged to seek their own answers.     

建筑工程施工中的数学应用

分析了钢筋的长度、楼顶绝热层设置及建筑施工事故预测中数学的应用问题.     

论再就业工程

随着国有企业改革的不断深入,经济结构调整力度的加大,当前我国就业形势异常严峻,再就业工程举步维艰,陷入困境.如何走出困境?本文从目前我国再就业工程面临的困难入手,提出建设具有我国特色的再就业工程的几点措施,以供参考.     

控规中竖向规划若干问题思考

控规中竖向规划应因地制宜，随坡就势，结合其内在的要求和各自特点，作好高程上的完美安排。力求使各项用地在高程上协调，平面上的和谐，以获得最大社会效益、经济效益和环境效益为目的。