Teaching databases in compliance with the European dimension of higher education: Best practices for better competences

The Convergence process in which European Union (EU) universities are at present involved supposes that these institutions not only have to re-structure their degree programmes, but also their teaching and learning methodologies. We study the impact of this EU process on Database teaching, comparing the practices of three different European universities and using the Convergence goals as criteria. In our discussion, we identify which aspects in each university are closer to the Convergence goals, and which are likely to help in achieving these goals.     

论高等教育大众化进程中高等职业教育的地位和作用

在实现高等教育大众过程中，发展高等职业教育有利于优化高等教育结构，促进高等教育向多样化发展；有利于满足社会发展对人才规格提出的客观要求，促进经济发展，为实现高等教育大众化提供物质基础；有利于我国终身教育体系的建立，为实现高等教育大众化开辟有效途径。     

跨国高等教育发展的理念创新初探

全球化背景下跨国高等教育的产生、发展具有必然性,它在我国的进一步发展是必要和可行的。积极应对跨国高等教育的挑战,要从树立跨国高等教育的历史必然观、正确认识跨国高等教育在促进我国高等教育跨越式发展中的作用、树立新时代的教育主权观、正确看待高等教育的公益性与盈利性、树立高等教育的市场意识、产业意识和服务意识等方面进行教育理念创新。     

高校定位与高等教育系统秩序的形成

高校定位是高校对自身发展方向和发展路径的理性选择,高等教育系统秩序的形成是建立在高校定位基础之上的组织化过程。高校分类只是对高等教育系统秩序认识的特例,仅仅用高校分类与自生秩序相结合来建构高校定位机制是不够的。高等教育系统秩序的形成是一个组织化过程,既有人类理性的安排,又有自组织方式。因而,高校定位应该由政府宏观引导、社会广泛参与、高校理性选择三者共同发挥作用。     

中国高等教育传统的演变和形成

:中国高等教育传统是在中国整个社会变革中不断演变和逐步形成的。一方面接受符合时代要求的先进的教育思想和制度 ,包括外国的和自己创造的 ;另一方面又要受到传统教育思想和制度的影响。在此过程中 ,我们既不能简单地移植国外的模式 ,又必须在坚持民族特性的同时 ,重视传统观念的转变 ,以较快地适应时代要求     

The need for context-sensitive measures of educational quality in transnational higher education

This paper argues that the current approach to educational quality formation in transnational higher education promotes educational imperialism, and that guidelines and practices should be altered to embrace context-sensitive measures of quality. The claims are sustained by findings from a study that investigated how academics understood and pursued educational quality in an Australian university programme delivered in partnership with a Chinese university in China. A key finding was that a home programme functioned as the single reference point for quality in the programme delivered in China. Quality in the China programme was sought through the imposition of practices and philosophies associated with the home programme, which required the suppression of local educational traditions. The paper points out that reliance on a home programme as the single measure of quality is encouraged by governing UNESCO/OECD guidelines on quality in cross-border provision.     

The role of transnational networking for higher education academics

Amidst rapid socio-economic change, higher education (HE) academics across the world face major challenges to its organisation, finance and management. This paper discusses the role of transnational networking in higher education. Data from 40 interviews with geographically distributed academics engaged in learning and teaching transnational networks (TNNs) were analysed. The findings show that in an increasingly globalised higher education system, transnational networking goes beyond conference attendance to entail multiple combinations of offline and online activities. We do not think that current concepts of communities of practice or networks of practice accurately describe these phenomena. Instead, we suggest that these activities entail different and varying levels of tangibility, more accurately defined by us as TNNs. Moreover, we argue that the term ‘network’ in this context facilitates the individualistic pursuit of a career increasingly essential in a pressurised higher education environment.     

欧洲学分转换系统与俄罗斯高校的学分制改革

为应对全球化和市场经济的挑战,俄罗斯高等教育系统积极学习、借鉴欧洲高等教育发展的经验.实行欧洲学分转换系统是欧洲高等教育空间一体化建设的重要举措.本文在介绍欧洲学分转换系统基本特征的基础上,对俄罗斯利用欧洲学分转换系统改革高校教学过程组织模式的原因及措施进行了阐述.     

科学发展观与高等教育发展

科学发展观的提出,对于推进我国高等教育发展具有特殊重要的意义。我们要以科学的态度对待科学发展观的提出,正确认识和看待改革开放以来我国高等教育的发展;要以科学发展观为指导,确立科学的高等教育发展观,推进高等教育的科学发展和高等教育研究的深入开展。     

The distinction between academic standards and quality: implications for transnational higher education

Although the conceptual distinction between academic standards and the quality of learning opportunities is fundamental to an understanding of the role of quality assurance in higher education, the distinction, and its implications, have not always been well understood in the case of transnational higher education. This paper explores both the source of academic standards and the criteria by which the quality of learning opportunities can be judged. It is argued that the distinction is of particular importance in the context of transnational education, because whilst judgements about quality may legitimately be susceptible to a degree of cultural influence, the same is not true of judgements about academic standards. It is suggested that a lack of attention to the logical distinction between standards and quality has hampered efforts by regulatory régimes around the world to develop coherent policies with respect to hosting transnational higher education provision.     

高等教育大众化与提高教育质量

我国高等教育现已基本达到了国际公认的大众化标准,应把提高高等教育质量摆在突出的位置。在高等教育大众化、全面推进素质教育、建设学习型社会的时代背景下,高等教育应当被赋予新的内涵。当前应在体制和政策上为提高高等教育质量努力创造条件。     

The coming of post-institutional higher education

This piece offers two stories and attempts a contrast between them. These are about how UK higher education responded to the economic crisis of the 1970s, and about how it is shaping up in response to the banking crisis of 2008 and its global ramifications. The first is constructed around the rise and fall of ‘public sector higher education’ between the James Report and the Dearing Report of 1997. The second looks at the prospects of higher education’s contributions to a more fluid, flexible and responsive lifelong learning, summed up as ‘post-institutional higher education’.     

试论高等教育市场化筹资的基本方式

高等教育市场化筹资是其缓解经费短缺、实现自身健康发展的需要。高等教育的市场化进程，正在促使高等教育的筹资和融资方式发生新的变化。本文在分析高等教育市场化筹资可行性的基础上，提出了高等教育市场化筹资的基本方式。     

大众化背景下大学使命的重新审视

More attention should be paid to four issues during the massification of Chinese higher education: (1) how to understand the prime cause of the expansion of higher education; (2) how to reinforce liberal education; (3) how to balance the relationship between equality and excellence; and (4) how to harmonize the relationship between the university, the government and the market. All these are based on the orientation about the ultimate goal of universities. Modern universities must make students and the public understand that their ultimate mission is places where stratagems for profits and opportunities of employment are provided; rather, modern universities should inspire students’ rationalistic potencies, cultivate their ability to look upon the development of individuals, society and history from a long-term and all-around perspective. Translated from Beijing Shifan Daxue Xuebao (Shehui Kexue Ban) 北京师范大学学报 (社会 科学版) (Journal of Beijing Normal University (Social Sciences Edition)), 2006, (6): 13–20     

地方高校发展与高等教育政策调整

近年来,我国地方高校在规模迅猛扩张的同时,普遍陷入了多重发展困境之中。从制度变迁的类型和路径依赖两个角度来看,这种困境产生的制度根源有两个:一是以中央政府为主体的激进式强制性制度变迁的局限性,二是对传统高等教育管理模式的路径依赖。今后高等教育政策调整必须遵循两个基本的指导思想:一是弥补激进式强制性制度变迁的局限,二是摆脱对传统高等教育管理方式的路径依赖。     

世界高等教育发展趋势及其启示

随着经济全球化和知识经济的发展,世界高等教育正在发生着深刻的变化。这主要表现在规模速度、结构形式、资金筹措、绩效责任和对经济发展贡献等方面。世界高等教育发展的基本趋势是:办学体制多元化,社会功能日益突出,高等教育终身化以及与企业界密切合作。对此,中国高等教育的改革发展有必要借鉴国内外先进的办学经验,树立可持续发展观,建设充满活力的高等教育体系,构筑质量保障机制,完善经费来源,逐步建立"创业教育"新模式,促进中外合作办学和课程的世界化。     

试论高校媒体建设与提高普通高等教育质量

社会的高速发展呼唤着高等教育的快速、高效发展，提高高等教育的质量是关系民族发展大计的重要问题。提高高等教育质量只强调课堂教学这个主渠道远远不够，加强高校媒体建设是高教“质量工程”的重要方面，学报、校报、广播电视校园网、电脑网络是高校媒体的主要形式。     

高等教育强国视野下的高校人才培养制度改革

培养人才的大规模、高质量是高等教育强国建设的基本内涵之一。近10年来我国高等教育规模迅速发展,为高等教育强国建设目标的确立奠定了重要的基础。但人才的高水平、高质量是高等教育强国建设对于人才培养的根本要求所在。建设高等教育强国,需进一步重视人才培养理念的不断更新,人才培养结构的不断协调,人才培养制度的不断改革。     

多国高等教育大众化模式比较研究

根据经费来源的不同可以把世界各国高等教育大众化的模式归纳为四种:美国模式、西欧模式、东南亚以及拉丁美洲模式、转型国家模式。总结和比较不同模式的特点,我们发现:充分利用民间资金是解决高等教育大众化过程中经费难题的根本途径;高等教育质量的高低,与办学体制并没有必然联系,相反,民办高等教育的发展,有利于激活竞争机制,更好地培养适应社会需求的人才。