共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
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MOOCS是一种全新的教育理念和教育模式,其"开放、灵活、全纳、终身"的四大灵魂与学习自由的核心要素高度契合,并为学习自由的实现创造了条件。首先是开放性与时空的"无边界性"促进了学习内容与学习形式的多样性;其次是灵活地整合了社会化的交流工具,促成学习的交互性而丰富了学习情境;第三是以免费或低收费的全纳性保障了不同知识与经济背景学生的学习公平性;最后是"去学龄化"的终身化特点保护了公民的学习权利,加速学习化社会的形成。 相似文献
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Peter Williams 《Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education》2017,42(6):978-989
Assessment in higher education has focused on the performance of individual students. This focus has been a practical as well as an epistemic one: methods of assessment are constrained by the technology of the day, and in the past they required the completion by individuals under controlled conditions of set-piece academic exercises. Recent advances in learning analytics, drawing upon vast sets of digitally stored student activity data, open new practical and epistemic possibilities for assessment, and carry the potential to transform higher education. It is becoming practicable to assess the individual and collective performance of team members working on complex projects that closely simulate the professional contexts that graduates will encounter. In addition to academic knowledge, this authentic assessment can include a diverse range of personal qualities and dispositions that are key to the computer-supported cooperative working of professionals in the knowledge economy. This paper explores the implications of such opportunities for the purpose and practices of assessment in higher education, as universities adapt their institutional missions to address twenty-first century needs. The paper concludes with a strong recommendation for university leaders to deploy analytics to support and evaluate the collaborative learning of students working in realistic contexts. 相似文献
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学习理论的发展及其对教学的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
学习理论的发展始终影响着学校教学改革。学习现象的复杂性决定了对学习的解释需要多种理论,不同的学习理论尽管存在分歧,但都为我们清楚地把握和理解学习的实质与条件提供了有用的思路和观点,也为有效教学提供了坚实的心理学基础。 相似文献
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Sophie H. Cormack Laurence A. Eagle Mark S. Davies 《Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education》2020,45(7):1046-1059
AbstractMany studies have found a relationship between students’ self-reported procrastination and their grades. Few studies have used learning analytic data as a behavioural measure of procrastination in order to predict performance, and there is no systematic research on how this relationship may differ across assessments or disciplines. In this study we analyse nine years’ worth of institutional electronic submission records, a total of 73,608 assignment submissions, to examine the relationship between submission time and grades across assignments, students, courses, and disciplines in higher education. A significant negative relationship was found overall, with students who submitted closer to the deadline obtaining lower grades, however the size of the relationship was negligible, accounting for less than 1% of the variance in grades. The relationship varied significantly depending on student, assignment, course and discipline. 相似文献
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Dirk Tempelaar 《Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education》2020,45(4):579-593
AbstractHow can we best facilitate students most in need of learning support, entering a challenging quantitative methods module at the start of their bachelor programme? In this empirical study into blended learning and the role of assessment for and as learning, we investigate learning processes of students with different learning profiles. Specifically, we contrast learning episodes of two cluster analysis-based profiles, one profile more directed to deep learning and self-regulation, the other profile more directed toward stepwise learning and external regulation. In a programme based on problem-based learning, where students are supposedly being primarily self-directed, this first profile is regarded as being of an adaptive type, with the second profile less adaptive. Making use of a broad spectrum of learning and learner data, collected in the framework of a dispositional learning analytics application, we compare these profiles on learning dispositions, such as learning emotions, motivation and engagement, learning performance and trace variables collected from the digital learning environments. Outcomes suggest that the blended design of the module with the digital environments offering many opportunities for assessment of learning, for learning and as learning together with actionable learning feedback, is used more intensively by students of the less adaptive profile. 相似文献
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Doug Clow 《Teaching in Higher Education》2013,18(6):683-695
Learning analytics, the analysis and representation of data about learners in order to improve learning, is a new lens through which teachers can understand education. It is rooted in the dramatic increase in the quantity of data about learners and linked to management approaches that focus on quantitative metrics, which are sometimes antithetical to an educational sense of teaching. However, learning analytics offers new routes for teachers to understand their students and, hence, to make effective use of their limited resources. This paper explores these issues and describes a series of examples of learning analytics to illustrate the potential. It argues that teachers can and should engage with learning analytics as a way of influencing the metrics agenda towards richer conceptions of learning and to improve their teaching. 相似文献
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Stewart Martin 《Educational Research and Evaluation》2014,20(7-8):592-621
This critical and reflective literature review examines international research published over the last decade to summarise the different kinds of measures that have been used to explore cognitive load and critiques the strengths and limitations of those focussed on the development of direct empirical approaches. Over the last 40?years, cognitive load theory has become established as one of the most successful and influential theoretical explanations of cognitive processing during learning. Despite this success, attempts to obtain direct objective measures of the theory's central theoretical construct – cognitive load – have proved elusive. This obstacle represents the most significant outstanding challenge for successfully embedding the theoretical and experimental work on cognitive load in empirical data from authentic learning situations. Progress to date on the theoretical and practical approaches to cognitive load are discussed along with the influences of individual differences on cognitive load in order to assess the prospects for the development and application of direct empirical measures of cognitive load especially in technology-rich contexts. 相似文献
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文章从行为主义理论出发,分析了学优生与学差生的学习动机问题,进而指出强化对于学优生和学差生的负面作用,最后提出实施差异教育是提高强化对学差生的积极作用以及降低强化对学优生的消极作用的有效途径。 相似文献
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Hatim Lahza Tammy G. Smith Hassan Khosravi 《British journal of educational technology : journal of the Council for Educational Technology》2023,54(1):335-354
Traditional item analyses such as classical test theory (CTT) use exam-taker responses to assessment items to approximate their difficulty and discrimination. The increased adoption by educational institutions of electronic assessment platforms (EAPs) provides new avenues for assessment analytics by capturing detailed logs of an exam-taker's journey through their exam. This paper explores how logs created by EAPs can be employed alongside exam-taker responses and CTT to gain deeper insights into exam items. In particular, we propose an approach for deriving features from exam logs for approximating item difficulty and discrimination based on exam-taker behaviour during an exam. Items for which difficulty and discrimination differ significantly between CTT analysis and our approach are flagged through outlier detection for independent academic review. We demonstrate our approach by analysing de-identified exam logs and responses to assessment items of 463 medical students enrolled in a first-year biomedical sciences course. The analysis shows that the number of times an exam-taker visits an item before selecting a final response is a strong indicator of an item's difficulty and discrimination. Scrutiny by the course instructor of the seven items identified as outliers suggests our log-based analysis can provide insights beyond what is captured by traditional item analyses.
Practitioner notes
What is already known about this topic- Traditional item analysis is based on exam-taker responses to the items using mathematical and statistical models from classical test theory (CTT). The difficulty and discrimination indices thus calculated can be used to determine the effectiveness of each item and consequently the reliability of the entire exam.
- Data extracted from exam logs can be used to identify exam-taker behaviours which complement classical test theory in approximating the difficulty and discrimination of an item and identifying items that may require instructor review.
- Identifying the behaviours of successful exam-takers may allow us to develop effective exam-taking strategies and personal recommendations for students.
- Analysing exam logs may also provide an additional tool for identifying struggling students and items in need of revision.
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廖全明 《涪陵师范学院学报》2002,18(5):57-59
全部心理学研究方向发展的线索都可以从行为主义到认知心理学的发展历程中找到，这个研究方向发展的线索就是认知研究的回归。从研究对象、理论基础、研究方法和理论观点等四个方面进行分析，可以看出认知研究的回归反映了心理学研究方向的发展。 相似文献
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Jennifer K. Olsen Kshitij Sharma Nikol Rummel Vincent Aleven 《British journal of educational technology : journal of the Council for Educational Technology》2020,51(5):1527-1547
The analysis of multiple data streams is a long-standing practice within educational research. Both multimodal data analysis and temporal analysis have been applied successfully, but in the area of collaborative learning, very few studies have investigated specific advantages of multiple modalities versus a single modality, especially combined with temporal analysis. In this paper, we investigate how both the use of multimodal data and moving from averages and counts to temporal aspects in a collaborative setting provides a better prediction of learning gains. To address these questions, we analyze multimodal data collected from 25 9–11-year-old dyads using a fractions intelligent tutoring system. Assessing the relation of dual gaze, tutor log, audio and dialog data to students' learning gains, we find that a combination of modalities, especially those at a smaller time scale, such as gaze and audio, provides a more accurate prediction of learning gains than models with a single modality. Our work contributes to the understanding of how analyzing multimodal data in temporal manner provides additional information around the collaborative learning process. 相似文献
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随着大数据技术、学习分析技术的发展,一大批基于数据分析的自适应学习平台应运而生,Knewton就是其中的一个。从学习组织、资源组织两个方面对“Knewton”进行了深层次剖析,得出了一些启示。 相似文献
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教育问责背景下学生学业评测的进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
近年来,教育问责背景下学生学业评测作为教育改革与发展的重要内容备受人们关注。学业评测主要在三个领域得到了广泛的发展:在监测教育质量的宏观层面,为了扩大考查范围或测试覆盖面,同时缩短被试的测试时间,包含矩阵取样设计、测验等值技术的大尺度学业测评的新技术广泛应用在教育质量监测的实践当中;在对学校效能进行评价的中观层面,使用发展性评价方法如增值性评价,用学生多次考试成绩的追踪数据来评价学校的教育情况,不仅能够更合理地评价学校和教师的工作,也使学生的成长和发展更加受到关注;在促进学生学业发展的微观层面,为了学习的评价理念和认知诊断技术的发展使得测验对教学反馈作用得以显现和发展。当前学业评测的新理念、新技术和新实践,要求教育部门和教育工作者只有重视测量与评价技术、改变考试观念,才能更好的使学业评测工作服务于教育事业的发展。 相似文献
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PASS理论在数学学习困难研究领域中的应用 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
注重内部认知过程分析的PASS理论及其认知评估系统DN:CAS,为动态评估学习困难儿童的认知过程提供了系统的理论依据和有效的操作工具。国外近年来展开的基于PASS理论的数学学习困难研究主要集中在:PASS认知过程与数学成就的关系、不同类型数学学习困难儿童的认知特征与缺陷模式、及针对计划的干预研究。这些研究虽还不够深入,但却为数学学习困难领域的进一步系统化研究奠定了基础。 相似文献