月亮变脸啦！

在城市的空气污染和灯光污染下,我们夜晚抬头已难再看到漫天的星星了。幸好,我们还能看到每晚都在变化的月亮。据说,2016年10月至12月将连续3个月出现“超级月亮（月亮与地球之间近距离的状态）”！这样的情况并不常见哦。届时,只要天气晴好,大家都可以一饱眼福。本期我们就先来认识一下月亮是怎么变脸的吧！     

如何在计算机课件中设计月相的变化规律

利用计算机建立月球运动模型,通过对月相变化的静态分析,在课件中进行动态演示,通过交互,可以随时显示月球在不同位置的月相在同一时间观察到的月亮在天空中的位置变化.     

Preservice Elementary Teachers' Knowledge of Observable Moon Phases and Pattern of Change in Phases

The purpose of this study was to describe selected content knowledge held by 52 preservice elementary teachers about the observable phases of the moon and the monthly pattern of change in observable phases. Data were obtained from participants in a physics course before and after they received inquiry-based instruction designed to promote intentional learning of the cause of moon phases and the observable pattern of change in moon phases. Results indicated that, prior to instruction, most preservice teachers had major deficiencies in knowledge of observable moon phases and the pattern of monthly change in the phases. Fortunately, participants who completed the instruction were likely to show evidence of having addressed the deficiencies.     

数字化教学资源的设计新视角:从知识加工到教学活动支持

以教学过程和教学内容为中心设计的信息化教学资源,忽略了对教学活动提供组织、管理等支持作用,与建构主义理论倡导的"情境"、"协作"、"会话"等理念相违背。基于教学活动支持视角的数字化教学资源设计方法,突破传统课件仅仅局限于学习内容呈现与传递的作用,拓展其教学活动支持与管理功能。结合当前数字化教学资源设计中出现的"积件"、"模块化"等思想与方法,直接利用数字化教学资源设计工具为资源的整合平台,以方便教师课堂教学应用,提高课堂教学信息化水平。     

From Lifelong Learning to Lifelong Teaching: Teaching as a call to style

This paper offers the viewpoint that franchised Further Education-based degree courses should be continued and expanded, since these colleges are less likely to intimidate adult (potential) students. A modified American '2 + 2' learning scenario (2 years in FE college followed by 2 years concluding the degree in a university) is discussed.     

From Digital Consumption to Digital Invention: Toward a New Critical Theory and Practice of Multiliteracies

The teaching of media and digital literacies has gained increased attention in the 20 years following the New London Group’s landmark publication. From approaches urging the study of popular culture to calls for youth led social media revolution, there is no shortage of approaches. Yet scant attention is offered toward articulating a new and comprehensive theory of pedagogy and production that acknowledges the changing tools and technologies at young people’s disposal, conceptualizes young people as media producers, and applies these developments to today’s complex classroom context. We aim to articulate a new critical theory of multiliteracies that encompasses 4 types of digital engagement: (a) critical digital consumption, (b) critical digital production, (c) critical distribution, and (d) critical digital invention. We make the argument that a new critical theory of multiliteracies needs to account for each of these types of digital engagement but that, ultimately, we must move beyond theorizing our youth as passive consumers or even critical users of digital technologies toward the project of facilitating youth communities of digital innovation.     

远程教学设计:从"教学交互"到"教学理解"

在远程教学设计中,有一个从“教的技术”、“学的技术”到“教与学的整合技术”的发展过程。但存在着两种不同取向的“教与学的整合技术”:“教学交互模式”和“教学理解模式”。本文分析和比较了两者的异同,并指出:只有将两者结合起来,才能促进远程教育人文性价值目标的实现。     

Learning Mathematics for Teaching: From a Teachers' Seminar to the Classroom

A successful practice grounded in the principles that guide the current mathematics education reform effort requires a qualitatively different and significantly richer understanding of mathematics than most teachers currently possess. However, it is not as clear how teachers' mathematical understandings develop and how those understandings affect instruction. This paper explores two avenues for K-6 teachers' mathematical development, (a) engagement in inquiry into mathematics itself, and (b) investigation of children's mathematical thinking, illustrating how the need for these two kinds of investigations arises in classroom situations and how they can be pursued in a professional development setting.     

教师发展阶段研究:从"教师关注"到"教师自主"

教师发展阶段研究是教师教育的重要基础。国外研究通常以“教师关注”为划分阶段的重要依据。基于当前对教师自主发展的关注,我们的研究以“教师自主”为新视角,揭示了教师发展的5个阶段:新手-动机阶段(工作1年内)、适应-观念困惑阶段(工作2￣5年)、稳定-行动缺失阶段(工作6￣10年)、停滞-缺乏动力阶段(工作11￣15年),以及更新-动机增强阶段(工作16年以上)。一、专业发展阶段:教师研究的前沿课题对教师发展阶段的深入揭示是研究教师发展与教师教育的重要基础。要正确把握教师发展的规律,科学制定教师教育的政策与培养方案,前提是必须深入理…     

生成性教学:从方法的惑到方法论的澄清

教学实践中生发的"伪生成"与"乱生成"的现象和问题,实际上是对生成性教学进行方法化处置所导致的教学危机。究其原因则在于教学与教学方法存在的解放人与规训人的职能背反、复杂性范式与简单性思维的属性冲突。生成性教学的提出并非为了发明一种新的教学方法,其最重要的价值和最根本的意义在于确立一种哲学方法论。哲学方法论主张根据对象的性质和特点,以及具体情况和遭遇,来决定采用一种或另一种能较好的适应和适合于它的方法。因此,只有在哲学方法论关照下,才能达成理论的清思和澄明,才能求索并践履生成性教学之真谛。     

从模仿到变革:教学范式的转型

"模仿范式"与"变革范式"蕴藏于教学历史发展变革之中,是历史的概念。在教学的本质、内容以及方式等诸方面,"变革范式"都呈现出与"模仿范式"有所不同的新范式。但两种教学范式不是简单的转换,而是从对立走向互补。     

A Study of How Classroom Dialogue Facilitates the Development of Geometric Spatial Concepts Related to Understanding the Cause of Moon Phases

Using data derived from interviews of small groups of secondary school science teachers, this paper offers insights into how they came to enter school teaching. Together with other data drawn from parallel interviews with another small group of secondary school history teachers in the same schools, conducted initially for comparative purposes, the paper suggests that, in both cases, the decision to teach is the outcome of a number of unpredictable and contingent factors, rather than a response to a sense of vocation or any initial long‐term commitment to the profession. The implications of these findings for theoretical approaches to understanding career choice and for teacher recruitment are briefly explored.     

教学有效提问:从理解到行动

提问是教学过程中一种重要的师生间对话行为,提问是否有效取决于学生学习的效益。通过有效提问可以促进学生思维的发展,增强学生的学习兴趣,有助于学生知识的构建和增进学生语言表达能力。研究认为有效提问应树立对话新理念,以促进学生思维发展为目标,以创建和谐、积极的课堂学习环境为重要标志。     

教学有效提问:从理解到行动

提问是教学过程中一种重要的师生间对话行为,提问是否有效取决于学生学习的效益。通过有效提问可以促进学生思维的发展,增强学生的学习兴趣,有助于学生知识的构建和增进学生语言表达能力。研究认为有效提问应树立对话新理念,以促进学生思维发展为目标,以创建和谐、积极的课堂学习环境为重要标志。     

从无产阶级专政到社会主义民主--民主发展的阶段性研究

从无产阶级革命到实现共产主义有一个过渡时期，这个过渡时期有多长，马克思没有具体说明，列宁根据苏联革命实际，提出这个过渡时期应分为无产阶级专政与社会主义民主两个阶段。此对这两个不同的时期进行比较研究，有利于提高人们对中国社会主义民主发展阶段的认识，有利于为推动社会民主发展提供参考。     

Teaching in a Digital Age: How Educators Use Technology to Improve Student Learning

A successful digital conversion for classrooms, districts, and states is not determined by the technology, but by how technology enables teaching and learning. The purpose of our multisite case study was to document digital instructional strategies teachers use to enhance and transform student learning, and align that use with learning research. We conducted focus groups and interviews, and observed classrooms in seven exemplary schools across the United States. We surveyed teachers' familiarity, use, and comfort with technology as well. We document six common strategies used across the seven sites and identify five roles that technology plays in enhancing teaching and learning, and discuss how these strategies benefit teachers and learners. (Keywords: technology integration, digital instructional strategies)