网格环境下数字图书馆的语义服务开发研究

针对数字图书馆中存在的资源整合、系统异构问题,对于如何建设基于语义网格的数字图书馆进行探索性研究。设计基于OWLS框架的数字图书馆语义网格服务模型,确立数字图书馆语义网格服务模型体系结构,设计语义匹配算法及语义服务本体,采用Introduce等工具对网格环境下数字图书馆的语义服务开发进行实验性研究,实现并论证该模型的可行性。     

语义网环境下的数字图书馆知识服务系统

首先对数字图书馆知识服务作以文献综述,然后综合以往研究成果,在语义网环境下,总结语义网本身的技术和概念特点,提出语义网环境下数字图书馆知识服务系统的概念与模型。     

基于语义网格的数字图书馆知识服务研究

本文基于语义网格技术的特点和优势,提出数字图书馆知识服务模型,同时利用本体技术对知识进行语义表示,构建了语义服务发布和语义服务发现模型,设计出寻找服务的最佳匹配算法,实现了数字图书馆的跨平台应用和智能检索。     

语义网格环境下基于元数据本体的数字图书馆互操作研究

基于语义网格技术,探索基于元数据本体的数字图书馆系统间的互操作策略,以期用来解决目前数字图书馆系统间互操作所面临的问题,即不同本体之间的互操作,跨语言、跨文化的互操作,数字图书馆的发现与安全性等,并提出下一代数字图书馆系统间互操作框架。     

基于“语义主题模型”的知识系统框架设计及应用研究

构建语义化知识服务系统是数字图书馆在语义Web环境下的发展方向。针对目前各种语义Web技术在数字图书馆开发应用的现状和问题,本研究融合国际基于Topic的语义知识组织技术,结合国内的需求,提出了“语义主题模型”,目标为构建可实施的语义化知识系统。文章首先对以“概念化主题、主题关联、语义标签”为内涵的“语义主题化模型”概念进行定义;其次,设计基于此模型的语义化知识系统框架;再次,对相关应用进行了探讨;最后,对未来开发工作进行了规划。     

语义网格环境下数字图书馆知识组织研究

针对数字图书馆语义互联和知识分布异构的问题,分析数字图书馆知识组织现状,即语义Web技术与网络技术在数字图书馆知识组织中的应用,探讨语义网格环境下数字图书馆知识组织的研究目标、研究内容和研究思路,提出构建语义网格环境下数字图书馆知识组织系统的关键问题,即解决知识需求与知识获取之间的矛盾,实现知识组织由观念与理论探讨转向实际应用,从而提高数字图书馆知识组织及知识服务的效率。     

云计算环境下的数字图书馆语义服务架构研究

利用云计算技术、语义服务技术来解决数字图书馆的资源重复建设问题和互操作问题,提出云计算环境下的数字图书馆语义服务的框架模型并给出解决方案。自行设计、建立数字图书馆云计算服务平台,并在云平台上进行服务部署。设计云计算环境下的语义服务的描述、部署和组合方式,提出基于硬件检测和语义的云服务调度模式。提出数字图书馆云节点的监控和可视化显示方案,设计数字图书馆云门户。     

近年来国外基于语义Web的数字图书馆研究进展

以基于语义Web的数字图书馆为研究对象,从国外典型的基于语Web数字图书馆原型系统以及语义Web的数字图书馆在底层系统架构、信息描述与信息组织、信息搜索与浏览、信息交流与共享等方面入手,系统梳理国外学者近年来在此方面的研究成果,指出将语义Web引入到数字图书馆领域,进一步提升数字图书馆的服务水平,是国外图书馆界近年来较为关注的问题。     

语义网格环境下数字图书馆知识组织的语义互联策略研究

数字图书馆知识的无限存在和有限表达之间的根本矛盾需要应用多领域本体方法，介绍现阶段应用多本体的解决方案——本体映射技术，并分析其存在的不足，引入知识地图技术，认为应用知识地图技术可以实现数字图书馆领域本体的聚类，形成数字图书馆本体知识地图，并以此为基础，构建语义网格环境下数字图书馆知识组织的语义互联模型。     

基于语义的数字图书馆服务创新

语义技术对数字图书馆的发展产生了深远的影响,为数字图书馆实现服务创新提供了基础和平台.在分析数字图书馆服务四个发展阶段的基础上,阐述了语义技术在数字图书馆中资源描述、知识关联、智能检索和可视化呈现方面的应用,然后结合中国科学技术信息研究所在语义工具开发领域和数字资源组织领域的研究与实践进展,提出了数字图书馆服务实现创新的五个方向,即嵌入科研过程提供知识链接服务,基于语义关联优化资源发现服务,借助可视化技术实现知识的动态多维呈现,提供情景敏感的开放式跨界服务和超越时空的数字图书馆移动服务.     

British Writings on Romania: From Travel Accounts to Studies

This article surveys a sample of sources of the information about Romania available to British readers in nineteenth century British newspapers and periodicals. It traces first contacts between the Romanian lands and Britain after the union of the principalities of Wallachia and Moldavia in 1859, then after their independence from the Ottoman Empire. The article highlights an increased Romanian interest in British periodicals, which reported and reviewed Romanian literature and scholarship. The article concludes that nineteenth century British newspapers and periodicals offer a great variety and wealth of new material previously unavailable or unknown to researchers. It also states that only a portion of a large quantity of this material has been indexed and is therefore available via the bibliographic sources mentioned in the article. The author argues for the need of a new and updated British-Romanian bibliography, which can draw on new online resources offering access to thousands of new newspapers and periodical records.     

Slavic Approval Plans: What Works and What Doesn't

ABSTRACT

The paper looks at library approval plans for material published in Slavic, East European, and Eurasian countries from the selector's point of view. Reasons why a selector would or would not want one are examined. Success with approval plans requires monitoring receipts, as well as good and ongoing communication among the selector, the acquistions department, and the vendor. A preliminary list of vendors offering approval plans for the countries of the region appears in the appendix.     

由“资源集聚”向“需求导向”转变——对武汉科技信息服务平台建设的思考

为进一步提升武汉科技信息共享服务平台使用效率,本文从平台资源建设、资源应用、供需对接方式和供需特点等方面分析了武汉科技信息资源服务现状;基于需求和利用的角度,结合平台管理实践和走访用户、问卷调查等研究方法,从信息资源需求主体和平台自身建设管理两个维度,找出制约科技资源供需对接的主要因素;以市场化和制度化为创新理念,从政策创新、机制创新、市场化服务、环境营造、人才培养等方面提出平台建设由“资源集聚”向“需求导向”转变的对策建议.     

Politicking for the Public Library

ABSTRACT

In today's current political environment raising support for millage renewals, bond campaigns or even millage continuations for public libraries is affected by national politics, and a tendency towards tax aversion on principle across the country. The lessons we can learn from the governing boards of small and rural public libraries are worth raising up to a greater national consciousness. Board governance, community consciousness, and facilities management are clear and logical tools that elected boards of public libraries can use to politick for support of libraries.     

Architectures of Knowledge and Literary Tradition: A History of the Almanac in Croatia

ABSTRACT

The history of the almanac in Croatia is reconstructed through primary research in bibliographic and archival sources. The almanac is a vehicle for knowledge communication in informal contexts, engaging both oral tradition and literary forms traceable to medieval literacy and ways of structuring knowledge. The history of the almanac in Croatia reflects the changing context of the book trade, literacy, and the evolution of language. Four main stages are identified: (1) the beginning of the annual almanac in the seventeenth century; astrological almanacs reflecting the sensibility of the Baroque period; (2) the Enlightenment's stimulation of almanac publishing in the spirit of contemporary secular reforms in agriculture and education; (3) nineteenth-and twentieth-century almanac trade, showing complex and overlapping networks for the production, distribution and appropriation of printed almanacs;(4) roughly the end of World War II, when the almanac slowly moved out of the role of a popular mass medium and into specialized niches represented by regional, diaspora, and religious almanacs.     

基于文献时间特征的学科主题演化分析方法研究 ——以图书情报学领域为例

在分析文献在不同研究阶段用词时间特征的倾向性基础上,提出一种基于主题模型的研究发展阶段识别方法。重点阐述该方法的构建过程,包括时间特征抽取、发展阶段界定、主题冷热变化分析等步骤。为验证该方法的有效性,针对词频统计法和主题模型方法在主题演化分析中的效果进行比较分析。结果表明,该方法能在识别主题热点和发展趋势的同时,有效地区分不同主题所反映的研究发展阶段。     

How Digital Content Resellers are Impacting Trade Book Publishing

Some key questions for publishers in today’s market are: Could Amazon’s recent merger and acquisitions strategy create a disruptive or paradigm shifting business model in the publishing industry? Do their recent actions post mergers and acquisitions illustrate a predicable pattern of behaviour that publishers can strategize around? This paper will explore these questions and look at some of the possible reasons behind Amazon’s business practices and the possible consequences to publishers.     

Germany's New Culture of Welcome—Our Libraries are an Essential Part of it

ABSTRACT

German authorities are expecting more than 1 million refugees by the end of 2015. These people come to Germany to seek protection and assistance and to build a new life, therefore it is important to welcome them and to assist them in their integration as soon as possible. This situation creates a versatile and perfectly fitting opportunity for cultural and educational programs, including libraries, which can play a vital role in this integration process. The key to integration is the knowledge of the German language, and the most important challenge now is to teach the necessary language skills to as many asylum-seekers as possible.     

Syndicating Rich Bibliographic Metadata Using MODS and RSS

Abstract

Many libraries use RSS to syndicate information about their collections to users. A survey of 65 academic libraries revealed their most common use for RSS is to disseminate information about library holdings, such as lists of new acquisitions. Even though typical RSS feeds are ill suited to the task of carrying rich bibliographic metadata, great potential exists for developing applications that can exploit metadata exposed to Web services via RSS. Using the MODS metadata format, entire catalog records can be seamlessly embedded in RSS 2.0 feeds. Existing tools, such as Library of Congress Java toolkits and XSLT stylesheets, can facilitate this process, while a new XSLT stylesheet may be used to create the RSS feeds complete with MODS records. As an example of the added functionality these MODS/RSS feeds can offer, records from a MODS-enriched RSS feed can be ingested into a non-RSS application such as Zotero. As more emerging library technologies use Web services architectures to handle data objects, the ability to syndicate catalog records will become more critical to providing innovative library Web services.     

Selling Women on PDAs from “Simply Palm” to “Audrey”: How Moore's Law Met Parkinson's Law in the Kitchen

This essay investigates key moments in the history of personal digital assistant (PDA) marketing to women. Analyzing promotional texts for three PDAs that received considerable press coverage from 1999 to 2001, this essay explores the cultural significance of the convergence of anxieties about women's place in the gendered division of labor with the computer industry's changing marketing imperatives. Drawing on an array of promotional texts, including news articles, press releases, promotional Web sites, and ads appearing in newspapers and magazines, this paper tells the story of how the computer industry aimed to sell smaller, faster computing devices to women while promising to mediate and thus reproduce women's overwork as paid and familial laborers. After experimenting with the PDA as a sexy fashionable gadget for working women, marketers approached women as mothers with “Audrey,” an Internet appliance designed for the kitchen.