Institutional Determinants of Entry into UCAS Clearing: A study of Economics departments

This article examines factors relating to the reliance upon the Clearing phase of the Universities and Colleges Admission Service (UCAS) entry system for universities to achieve their undergraduate in-take targets. The analysis is undertaken for entry in Autumn 1999 with respect to 89 Economics departments of which 51 entered Clearing and 38 remained outside. The quality/prestige of institutions was assessed from THES indicators, average A-level entry points, their historical roots, geographical location and name composition. Three forms of statistical analysis were undertaken to determine which characteristics are salient in differentiating institutions in relation to entering Clearing. They indicate that library expenditure, teaching assessment, the year of the Royal Charter, the proportion obtaining either a First and Upper Second-class Honours degree, the share of graduates taking up employment, further study or training, average RAE rating, together with institutions which are long established, greenfield, Oxbridge and of the former PCFC sector to be statistically significant. The implications drawn from the analysis include that several performance indicators are within the capability of institutions to influence, whilst those of the former PCFC sector frequently possess a higher likelihood of relying upon Clearing compared to many pre-1992 universities.     

The Merging of the PCFC and the UFC: Probable,Desirable or Inevitable?

Post-war growth of higher education has attracted the interest of national governments. They are properly concerned with higher education's contribution to economic success and equity, and the efficient and effective use of public funds. They can intervene by means of legislation (which is unwieldy), exhortation (which is ineffective), or funding incentives. Funding councils must operate within a social and political context which determines the balance between planning and the market, central and local direction, public and private funding. They have only four strategies to choose from: deficiency-, formula-, contract-, and core-funding. The first was nearly fatal; the last is the preferred option for the future.
There are two issues: the merging of the two funding councils (PCFC and UFC), and the ending of the binary system. The first could produce a welcome single guiding intelligence for UK higher education, and economies of scale. The second raises the question of the funding of fundamental research. The merging of PCFC and UFC and the reorganisation of research-funding is a two-headed nettle. It must be grasped soon.     

Accelerated Degrees and their Use in Teacher Education

The origin of accelerated or intensified degrees in general is considered and a digest of writing on such degrees is provided. In particular the author describes the University Funding Council (UFC) and Polytechnics and Colleges Funding Council (PCFC) accelerated degree developments in teacher education and cites the limited amount of evaluative writing. OFSTED has carried out a limited evaluation of these routes to qualified teacher status and the principal findings and issues are reported.     

Costing part‐time provision

This article examines the varied approaches which have been adopted to the costing of part‐time higher education, and considers the consequences of these alternative models both for the providers themselves and for national policy. Though the analysis concentrates on face‐to‐face provision in universities, polytechnics and colleges, a series of comparisons are made with the Open University. It is hoped that it will assist in understanding the likely impact of proposed changes in funding where such changes encounter established arrangements. This is especially so in the PCFC sector where a new methodology is proposed for 1990‐91. The research reported here forms part of a larger study supported by the CNAA and Middlesex Polytechnic and shortly to be published under the title: Other Routes. The authors are both members of the Centre for Community Studies at Middlesex Polytechnic.     

我国高等教育质量观的演进及其制度基础分析

从"政府主导下的合规格性单向度质量观"向"多主体介入表达的合需要性复合质量观"的发展是我国高等教育质量观的基本演进路向。单向度的质量观与我国社会整体的精英主义制度化有密切关联。并且,标准单一的、精英主义的制度基础与市场结合产生的实践机制进一步诱导了质量的趋同和单一性。在中国高等教育发展中席卷而来的市场力量以作用于基层教育组织上的"体制性的市场化逻辑"深刻影响着我国当前的高等教育质量的现状。同时,由"客体性"合规格质量观走向"客体—主体性"合需求性质量观的发展态势也很有可能预示着高等教育质量的制度基础正在发生着潜在而深刻的"复合效应"。     

提高职业教育质量的策略思考

如何提高职业教育质量,是职业教育实现可持续发展必须面对的重大理论和实践问题。职业院校是实施质量战略的真实场所,只有以先进的理念引领质量、以科学的制度规范质量、以文化思想影响质量、以高水平师资保证质量、以课程改革促进质量,才有可能实现提高质量的根本目标。     

精品课程建设与教学改革探索

以《统计学》省级精品课程建设为例,探讨精品课程建设与教学改革。本文阐述了高素质的师资队伍是精品课程建设基础,课程体系和教学内容的设计是精品课建设的关键,教学手段和方法改革是精品课程建设的核心,课程网站是精品课程建设的必备条件,学生综合能力提高是精品课程建设的目标,并结合课程实践教学,提出相应的建设措施和教学改革方法。     

创造卓越的质量文化凝聚企业

从以质量文化创造环境氛围、依顾客满意实施质量管理、用质量精神统领企业目标等三个方面,探讨创造卓越的企业质量文化模式。结合企业管理实践和研究经验,帮助工业企业通过质量文化的创建,提高企业的核心竞争能力,凝聚企业。     

高校“教学质量奖”评选中的教学质量评价问题反思

质量奖作为一种质量认可、评判和激励制度,对高校教学质量管理有明显的导向和示范性作用。如何进行教学质量奖的评定,实际就是如何判定教师教学质量和质量管理的问题。获取＂教学质量奖＂是教师职业生涯的莫大荣誉,＂教学质量奖＂的评选必须回归到教学活动本身,回归到组织团队;教师教学质量的优劣不能通过几个可能影响教学效果的相关因素简单量化加以判断;教学质量评价要充分尊重各利益相关者。     

Why is quality in higher education not achieved? The view of academics

Quality assurance is currently an established activity in Europe, driven either by national quality assurance agencies or by institutions themselves. However, whether quality assurance is perceived as actually being capable of promoting quality is still a question open to discussion. Based on three different views on quality derived from the literature – quality as culture, as compliance and as consistency – the current article sheds light on this issue by identifying the main obstacles to quality as perceived by Portuguese academics. The analysis reveals that academics tend to see those obstacles as essentially related to the view of quality as culture and especially with its structural component, including the design and functioning of institutional governance and management. Although this may indeed correspond to the Portuguese higher education institutions’ reality, one must not forget that academics tend to have a poor knowledge about the structural frames that are embedded in governance and management. By highlighting obstacles related to different views on quality, this study may serve as a base to the development of more effective quality assurance mechanisms.     

面向CRM的动态质量体系管理模型及系统

分析了企业现有ISO9000质量体系管理系统的局限性及其管理中存在的关键问题,建立了动态质量体系管理数据模型(DQSMDM),并给出了某大型工程机械制造企业实施基于此模型的质量体系管理系统的成功应用.     

高职院校教学质量内部监控系统初探

教学质量内部监控系统是高职院校教学质量的保障系统。高职院校要实现以质量求发展就必须构建以系统论、控制论和信息论为指导,以科学的质量观为基础,以教学质量管理系统、教学督导系统、质量信息系统和教学质量评价系统为子系统的内部监控系统。     

教育公益:质与量的统一

教育公益是质与量的统一.以往的研究主要集中在对教育公益质的争论上,忽视了对教育公益量的探讨.教育公益的质由政府(或个人)免费提供以及教育本身所具有的外部效益来决定;教育公益的量由教育质量的高低来决定,而教育质量由教育的投入水平和教育效率来决定.因此,一切加大教育投入力度和提高教育效率的政策措施都可以认为是提高教育公益量的途径.     

江西省跨境高等教育质量保障体系的构建

如何确保跨境教育的质量,是当前世界各国所关注的一个问题。江西省在跨境教育不断发展的背景下,应进一步加强国际合作与交流、积极借鉴和仿效国内外成功经验,形成具有政府宏观质量调控、社会的质量调节和中外办学机构的质量管理共同协调、互为一体的高等教育质量保障体系。     

推进素质教育重在抓好大学生养成教育

近年来,素质教育成为我国教育改革和发展的必然选择。本文从素质及素质教育的内涵入手,分析了现代人应具备的素质层次及大学生养成教育等问题。     

博士生教育质量评价:沿革与启示

科学评价博士生教育质量对于引导和推动博士生教育发展具有重要意义。我国博士生教育质量评价大致可以概括为四个阶段:政府主导的输入质量评价、事业性机构参与的输出质量评价、学生主体视角的过程质量评价及多元主体介入的发展质量评价。基于对博士生教育质量评价发展沿革的梳理,提出博士生教育质量评价发展启示:一是提倡多元主体共同参与,回应不同主体对于博士生教育质量的诉求;二是关注毕业博士群体,从毕业博士视角反思博士生教育状况;三是构建科学可行的博士生教育质量评价体系,全面准确地衡量博士生教育质量;四是适当公开相关评价标准和数据信息,切实发挥博士生教育质量评价的效用。     

ISO9000的基本原则与高职教学质量监控

学校教学质量监控,借鉴全面质量管理的思想和ISO9000族质量认证体系,是一种探索.文章按1SO 9000的基本内容及原则,提出教学质量控制要以用户(用人单位)满意为宗旨,重视培养过程的质量管理,建立多元化的评价主体,发挥评价导向作用,把质量监控真正贯穿和具体落实到教学工作的各个环节与人才培养的全过程之中.     

敏感期女生身体素质灰色关联分析

根据石家庄各山区速度素质发展敏感期9岁女生各项身体素质测验结果,通过灰色关联分析定量地描述了速度素质与力量素质、耐力素质、弹跳素质、灵敏素质和柔韧素质的相互关系,针对速度素质敏感期的9岁女生为提高速度素质如何安排教学内容提出合理意见,旨在全面提高身体素质同时重点提高速度素质,同时为教学手段的选择运用和学生速度素质的提高提供了理论依据.发展速度素质首先考虑与其关联度较强的素质手段,而关联度较低的素质练习手段恰恰是其发展的障碍和弱项,应作为教学练习中的突破口.     

军校学员人文素质的培养体系研究

加强军校学员人文素质的培养,是培养高素质新型军事人才、增强军队文化软实力、推进军事院校改革的迫切需要。军校学员人文素质培养体系包括培养目标、培养内容和培养途径。其中,培养目标包括政治素质、道德素质、文化素质和心理素质四个方面,培养内容横跨人文知识、人文素养和人文精神,培养途径则要依托“评价-教学—提升”系统、连贯、协调的多个环节来完成。     

我国特殊教育质量标准的历史回顾与剖析

特殊教育质量标准包括“质标”和“量标”两个部分。本文通过对特殊教育质量标准的历史回顾,分别探讨了我国在不同时期特殊教育质量标准的特点。最后,通过分析发现,我国特殊教育质量标准具有以下总体特征:(1)重视以“量标”来衡量群体的质量,轻视以“质标”来衡量个体的质量;(2)重视特殊教育中学校教育质量,轻视家庭教育质量,忽视社区教育质量;(3)重视特殊教育个体的发展质量,忽视其生存质量;(4)重视特殊教育个体全面发展的质量,忽视其个性发展的质量;(5)既不重视质量标准自身构建的质量,也不重视质量标准到达过程的质量。