幼儿园学习环境质量评估对全纳教育的启示

美国的《幼儿学习环境评量表（修订版）》,作为世界各国广泛使用的学前教育评价量表,不仅可以有效地评估幼儿学习环境的质量,而且能够对特殊儿童的需要进行评估。该量表对空间和设施、个人日常照料、语言-推理、活动、互动、作息结构、家长和教师七方面内容进行评估。本研究根据该量表,通过对北京市7家随班就读幼儿园的40间教室进行为期2个月的评估发现：幼儿园可以通过提高学习环境质量来更好地实施特殊儿童的随班就读教育方案。研究结果表明,北京市随班就读幼儿园需在以下五个方面做出改善：教室安排/布置、教学材料、游戏活动、自由时间,以及针对特殊儿童的服务和策略。     

Are assessment environments gendered? An analysis of the learning responses of male and female students to different assessment environments

There is considerable variation between male and female Bachelor degree performance at Oxford and Cambridge (Oxbridge) where male students attain more First and Third Class degrees and female students attain more Second Class degrees. Various hypotheses have been put forward to explain this phenomenon including the possibility that the distinctive Oxbridge assessment environment, very different from those at both pre‐ and post‐92 universities, might account for the difference. Data from the Assessment Experience Questionnaire (AEQ; Oxbridge, pre‐ and post‐92 universities, one science, one humanities and one applied social science subject from each) were analysed to determine gendered perceptions of the assessment environment. Significant gender differences were found on five AEQ scales (Quantity of effort, Coverage of syllabus, Quantity and quality of feedback, Use of feedback and Appropriate assessment) but there was no significant interaction between gender and university. Consequently, there were few clues in students' responses to confirm that the Oxbridge assessment environment explains gendered differences in degree performance.     

基于学生评价的网络学习环境设计与实现

构建基于学生评价的网络学习环境的基本功能模块,并进行实现,保证网络教学的质量,促进学生自主学习。     

论网络环境对学习考评和教学模式的意义——以大学英语课程为例

文章探讨了网络环境下高校学生学习考评环节如何从单一化转变为多元化,并探索了网络环境下“导-学”协同式教学模式.同时在实际的教学中,见证了网络环境对高校学生学习考评环节和教学模式的重要意义.     

Assessment of the Learning Environment of Inquiry-Type Laboratories in High School Chemistry

An inquiry-type laboratory has been implemented into the chemistry curriculum in high schools in Israel. In this study, we investigated the idea that generally the science laboratory provides a unique learning environment that differs from the learning environment that exists in classrooms in which other instructional techniques are used. Moreover, the inquiry laboratory provides students with a learning situation in which they are involved in activities that might influence some of the variables that are influencing the learning environment of such laboratories. In this study, the Science Laboratory Environment Inventory (SLEI) was used to assess the students' perceptions of their chemistry laboratory learning environment. Statistical comparison of two groups (control and inquiry) revealed significant differences between the groups regarding their actual perceptions. Moreover, it was found that the differences between the actual and preferred laboratory learning environment were significantly smaller for the inquiry group than for the control group. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

基于建构性教学活动的理科学习评定

对学生个体的评价是任课教师最关注的评价 ,用以判断学生及其学习的进展。建构主义者认为 ,学习评定应基于动态的、持续的、不断呈现学习者进步的学习过程以及教师所采用的教学策略和所创设的学习环境     

Greek primary school children’s representations of the urban environment as seen through their drawings

In the present study, we explore aspects of Greek primary school children’s representations about the urban environment through the use of drawings and their relation to sustainability. For that purpose, 104 children, aged 9–12 (4th and 6th grades), were asked to make two drawings of their town: one as it is now and another as they would like it to be. Drawings were analysed using pre-defined categories of urban sustainability and were statistically analysed using SPSS. Results revealed a serious gap in knowledge regarding energy and aspects of local development tied to sustainability in the current and future state of the children’s towns. Although the most popular characteristics in the children’s drawings were associated with the environment, the majority of children illustrated issues related to society. Evidence indicated an age-related progression of representations related to sustainability in the urban environment, at least concerning the topics of natural environment, infrastructure and the realization of problems caused by air pollution and municipal waste generation.     

精密仪器实验室对环境的要求和改进措施的研究

该文阐述了环境因素的4个方面,即温度、湿度、洁净度和震动对精密仪器设备使用的重要性和影响,讨论了在实际应用中对环境要求的改进措施,以保证精密仪器设备的正常使用,并最大程度地延长仪器设备的使用期限.     

Impacts of flipped classrooms with peer assessment on students’ effectiveness of playing musical instruments – taking amateur erhu learners as an example

ABSTRACT

Amateur musical instrument learners are usually taught in a one-to-many learning mode owing to the cost consideration; therefore, it is difficult for the teacher to address individual students’ problems. This results in a lack of knowledge internalization. The flipped classroom enables the teacher to have more in-class time to interact with individual students. However, when the teacher guides a learner in the flipped class, the other learners usually practice on their own rather than engaging in critical thinking or reflective thinking activities. Therefore, this study uses the peer assessment strategy to increase the effectiveness of musical instrument flipped teaching. However, conventional peer assessment flipped teaching (CPA) has some disadvantages. So, we present another method in which the peer assessment is performed by online video sharing (VSPA). The VSPA method can further extend the learning time until after class. It lets teachers have more time to solve the problems of individual students. Besides, it can reduce the students’ nervousness. The experimental results showed that both of the two teaching modes can help progression, but there is no significant difference in the learning effectiveness. As for learning preference, we found that the learners preferred CPA to VSPA.     

我国环境监测器的应用发展

20世纪80年代,环境保护工作开始被重视,环境监测仪器随之也备受重视。随着我国环境监测的自动化、网络化发展,环境监测仪器则要求更加科学、先进。     

IMMEX教学应用的初步研究

问题解决能力的培养正受到越来越广泛的关注,而准确评估学生的问题解决能力是发现存在问题、提供适当反馈以增进学生问题解决能力的必要条件,同时也是更加真实地评测学生学科能力的重要内容。IMMEX（Interactive Multimedia Exercises）是美国加州大学洛杉矶分校医学院教授Ronald Stevens历经数十年主持开发的学科问题解决能力评估环境。本文针对IMMEX评估的信效度、IMMEX教学应用开展的实验研究和调查分析,得到初步结论：同一学科领域多个问题集测量的IRT（Item Response Theory）成绩之间显著相关,说明IMMEX系统对问题解决结果的评估具有良好的信度;IMMEX系统提供的IRT成绩与学生期中考试中问题解决类题目得分显著相关,说明IMMEX的评测对学校考试有预测能力;基于SPM进行个案分析,IMMEX对问题解决过程的评估Quadscore与教师评定表现出相关性;基于信息点击对学生的解题策略进行聚类、预测,只能对问题解决过程进行粗线奈的评估,还不能满足教师和学生的需要;学生和教师拥护IMMEX带来的学习体验,相比较训练功能,教师更看重对学习和教学的评估功能;不同成绩水平的学生都愿意以独立和协作方式探索IMMEX问题集,也希望得到教师的指导,对教师指导的期待程度与问题难度相关。     

考评概念浅析

考评是一个从评价概念中经过去价值化后拓展延伸出来的新概念。对考评概念产生的过程,考评与评价概念的区别,考评概念产生的背景,以及考评概念的三个方面进行了简要的阐述,以期厘清人们概念上的混乱,深化对评价与考评概念的认识,为课程与教学改革中的发展清除障碍。     

高职AutoCAD工程绘图课程形成性考核探索

AutoCAD工程绘图着力于学生应用计算机软件绘图能力的培养,是一门操作性与应用性比较强的课程。通过教学实践,对该课程的形成性考核方式进行了探索,结果表明,形成性考核方式能较好地适应本课程的特点,发挥了学业评价的导向作用,促进了教学目标的实现。     

从房建毕业设计图中的常见错误谈绘制规范

本文针对高职房建专业学生毕业设计图纸中存在的常见错误进行分析 ,并对方案图、施工图应具备的内容、规范及设计深度进行阐述     

The effect of clustering on statistical tests: an illustration using classroom environment data

This paper discusses the effect of clustering on statistical tests and illustrates this effect using classroom environment data. Most classroom environment studies involve the collection of data from students nested within classrooms and the hierarchical nature to these data cannot be ignored. In particular, this paper studies the influence of intraclass correlations on tests of statistical significance conducted with the individual as the unit of analysis. Theory that adjusts t‐test scores for nested data in two‐group comparisons is presented and applied to classroom environment data. This paper demonstrates that Type I error rates inflate greatly as the intraclass correlation increases. Data analysis techniques that recognise the clustering of students in classrooms in classroom environment studies are essential, and it is recommended that either multilevel analysis or adjustments to statistical parameters be undertaken in studies involving nested data.