Language Features of The Great Gatsby

The Great Gatsby is a 1925 novel written by American author F.Scott Fitzgerald.Besides great popularity for its vivid depiction of the Ameri-can Dream,the novel also impresses the world with its skillfully used American English which is interwoven with the plots,the characters and the theme.The article is to explore how Fitzgerald analyzes the class system of the American society and what enables him to express this analysis through different types of A-merican English.     

The quantifying analysis of effectiveness of music learning through the Dalcroze musical method

Movement activities can be used to integrate with any other curriculum in childhood education. The movements can inspire the sense of rhythmic concepts for children. This study aims at investigating how children can be motivated and inspired rhythmically by body movement through Dalcroze approach. In this research, the author revealed how physical movements can motivate children＇s potential sense of rhythm and inspire children＇s interest of musical rhythmic concepts learning. The study was conducted with 1000 primary school 6th grade students from twenty primary schools in Taipei, Taiwan. These 1000 6th grade students have the same age, same music syllabus and have equally same music training at their schools. The 1000 students were divided into two equal groups, one having different activities of body movements at school, and the other without. The different activities included tapping, swinging, clapping, turning, and stamping simple rhythms. The experiments consisted two parts which were rhythm dictation and improvisational skills. All the participants were equally given the pre-test and post-test as evidences of progress of the experiment, and the researcher then compared with the differences of the two tests of the two groups before and after the experiment to see if there were any progress in their learning of musical rhythms. The study lasted 6 months and consisted of three stages： observation, comparison, and analysis. The author observed and compared the two groups of students, analyzed the results and found out that the two groups demonstrated obvious differences in their degree of progress on learning of musical rhythms.     

Cross-Cultural Competence and English Language Teaching

1There has been cross- cultural communication as long as long as people form different cultureshave been encountering one another.Because of cultural differences,misunderstanding may arise,al-though the language used in communication may be faultless.The same words or expressions may notmean the same thing to the people from different cultures.Because of cultural differences,a harmfulstatement may cause displeasure or anger.Because of cultural differences,jokes by a foreign speakermay be recei…     

Analytical solution for fixed-end beam subjected to uniform load

A bi-harmonic stress function is constructed in this work. Ariy stress function methodology is used to obtain a set of analytical solutions for both ends fixed beams subjected to uniform load. The treatment for fixed-end boundary conditions is the same as that presented by Timoshenko and Goodier （1970）. The solutions for propped cantilever beams and cantilever beams are also presented. All of the analytical plane-stress solutions can be obtained for a uniformly loaded isotropic beam with rectangular cross section under different types of classical boundary conditions.     

Effects of orthodontic load on the periodontium of autogenously transplanted teeth in beagle dogs

Objective:To observe the periodontal healing of autogenously transplanted teeth loaded orthodontically after autotransplantation in Beagle dogs.Methods:Forty-eight teeth were autogenously transplanted,24 of which were loaded postoperatively with orthodontic force at different time points and for different durations.Periodontal healing was evaluated by probing pocket depth(PPD),the expression of relevant proteins,and histomorphometric analyses.Results:The dental pockets of loaded and non-loaded teeth were both much deeper after the first postoperative week than before transplantation(P<0.05).Later,the PPD,which was measured after postoperative weeks 1,3,5,9 and 13,gradually became shallow.The expressions of alkaline phosphatase(ALP)and basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF)were higher in loaded teeth than in non-loaded teeth(P<0.05),and in groups subjected to two weeks duration of loading than in other groups at the same load time point(P<0.05).For the same load duration,the expressions of ALP and bFGF in teeth loaded after postoperative week 4 were higher than those of other treatments(P<0.05).According to histomorphometric analyses,an orthodontic force on transplanted teeth applied after postoperative weeks 4 or 8 for two weeks duration should be favorable for periodontal healing.Conclusions:It is advisable to apply an appropriate magnitude of force on autotransplanted teeth,such as orthodontic force,at appropriate time points and for a suitable duration,to achieve the optimal clinical prognosis following autogenous tooth transplantation.These results may serve as a basis for subsequent studies in humans so as to make clinical improvements.     

Gender Responsiveness of Selected Primary School English Textbooks in Zimbabwe

When classrooms are not gender responsive, boys and girls seating in the same classroom and learning from the same teacher receive very different education. Each and every textbook and all learning materials tell a story about people; how they relate to one another and to the environment within which they live. The present study is a desk research conducted to establish the extent of gender responsiveness of selected primary school English textbooks in Zimbabwe. Using the ABC of Gender Analysis framework, the study made quantitative and qualitative analyses of two selected series of primary school English textbooks, which are Step in New Primary English （Grade 1 to 7） and Ventures English Alive! （Grade 1 to 7 Pupil＇s Book）. Components of the ABC of Gender Analysis were used to make a critical analysis of the textbooks. Despite the fact that a number of measures have been put in place to address issues of gender inequality in all sectors, findings from the study revealed that the selected primary school English textbooks continue to perpetuate gender discrimination and bias. This impacts negatively on the education of girl children and it is detrimental to equal educational attainment for boys and girls. Girls tend to be affected and lag behind, others fail to excel and even drop out. The study recommends the promotion of zero tolerance to gender biases and stereotypes in all learning and teaching environments. The study also recommends that school textbooks be exposed to the rigour of gender analysis before they are recommended for use in any educational activity.     

The Vocabulary Reality from Elementary School to High School in China

The purpose of this research is to examine how large English language vocabulary is used in elementary,middle and high schools in China in order to plan for teaching how much English vocabulary college students learn in the first two years to develop general English ability.One corpus is used to examine how many high-frequency words are included in elementary,middle and high school English vocabulary and Vocabprofile and Text Lex Compare of on-line tool-http://www.lextutor.ca/are used to.There are three interesting points arising from the analysis of the three word lists.First,most of the words consisted of basic-level words.Second,from analysis of the degrees of word repetition,students only learn 2208 new words and there are1812 repeated words in the three stages.Third,from analysis of how much coverage of the three vocabulary families each of the three base lists provide,99.9%of the running words are in base word list one,two and three.Based on these viewpoints,basic words should be identified scientifically and educationally for Chinese learners of English.     

The Analysis of Comparison Between English and Chinese Animal Idioms

Idioms are essence of a language and a kind of special and fixed phrases or short sentences in the long period of language use.Because animals have been considered as people’s best friends for hundreds of years,people adopt different species of animals as metaphors to express all their emotions.However,due to the different national characteristics between English and Chinese,such as geographical conditions and tradition so in most cases easterners and westerners have different attitudes and understanding towards same animals,of course,some animal idioms have the same meaning.     

National Sentiment Colours Scottish History （高三适用）

In Europe, men do not usually wear skirts. But the Scottish national costume( 服装 ) for men is a kind of skirt, It is called a kilt. The Scottish like to be different. They are also proud of their country and its history, and they feel thattory. That‘s why the menthe kilt is part of that hisstill wear kilts at old-style dances and on national holidays. They believe they are wearing the same clothes that Scottish men always used to wear.     

Optimal arrangement of viscoelastic dampers for seismic control of adjacent shear-type structures

The optimal arrangement of viscoelastic dampers (VEDs) used to link two adjacent shear-type structures under seismic excitation was investigated. A two-step optimal design method is proposed. First, optimal parameter expressions of the Kelvin model are used to calculate the optimal stiffness and damping coefficient of the VEDs. Then, using the two-step optimal design method, taking the quadratic performance index as the optimization objective, the optimal arrangement of the dampers is determined. General rules about the optimal arrangement of the VEDs were obtained. The results show that the placement of only one damper between two adjacent shear-type structures should be avoided; if more than one damper is used, they should be distributed on the top and lower floors of the structures. Optimization of the number of dampers had little effect on response reduction. The most important factor was the optimization of the placement of the dampers. Through comparative study, for buildings of equal and unequal heights, the optimal parameters of dampers from parametric studies were shown to match the theoretical results for different numbers and placements of dampers. The level of response reduction was shown to be sensitive to the damping coefficient of the dampers.     

A Study of Non-English Majors’Errors in English Writing

Researchers in the field of Second Language Acquisition (SLA) have long held the interest towards the teaching of college English writing. Their research topics, range from how to improve college students’ability to write with English as their second language, to how to correct their wrong expressions in their writing. This article mainly aims at exploring college students’ various writing errors and mistakes,trying to provide some hints for college students and teachers about English writing. Such studies are abundant.     

Influence of structure plane size on seismic response of soil-structure interaction

The influence of the change of structure plane size on seismic response was studied for a soil-structure interaction system. Based on the finite element method, a soil-structure interaction calculation model was established to analyze the seismic response by changing the structure plane size and choosing different earthquake waves for different soil fields. The results show that when the natural periods of vibration for different structure plane sizes are close, under the same earthquake wave, the total displacement on the top layer of the structure and the foundation rotation displacement decrease with the increase of structure plane size, and the proportion of superstructure elastic selfdeformation displacement to the total displacement increases with the increase of structure plane size. While for different types of sites and seismic waves, under the horizontal and vertical seismic waves, the seismic responses of different plane sizes have a similar change rule.     

Cultivation in Learner Autonomy Based on Learning Styles

Learner autonomy is no easy choice for most students when they are used to having teachers do everything for them.As teach ers,it is their responsibility to help the students know how to use it and to understand that autonomy goes beyond of freedom.Learning styles play an important role because teachers need a clear picture of each student’s learning capabilities.Teachers can encourage students to reach dependence by attending their needs,taking into account learner styles.The goal of this research study is to find ways in which teach ers and students can build autonomy together.It first examines the learning styles of the sample students,and then makes discussions about fostering learner autonomy based on different learning styles.     

Teaching Strategies Used for the Students Individual Differences

One of the biggest problems teachers face is a lesson where the students are at different levels-some with quite competent English,some whose English isn't very good,and some whose English is only just getting started.Students from the same class are different from one another in many aspects such as aptitude,motivation,personality,and attitude.Teachers face this problem every day,so what are the possible ways of dealing with the situation.In this article,the author can suggest how can we teachers design classroom activities to cater for the students'individual differences.     

Overview on agent application to support collaborative learning interaction

Collaborative learning involves students working together to aid their learning and is considered an effective method to implement learning goal. However, it involves complicated processes such as have inconvenient assistance to manage the increasing demand for information and support extension of interaction and how to activate collaboration interaction and communication between different types of interactions. A collaborative learning model based on agent can improve learaing effectiveness and give good impact to learning process. This paper discusses the definition, classification and roles of agent to support collaborative learning interaction in E-learning. It overviews the rapidly use of agents to support collaborative learning and describes the types of interaction and communication tools to enhance interaction between all participants. We identify three types of major agents used in collaborative learning interaction; interface agent, information and internet agent, and collaborative agent.     

Different influence of contextual educational factors on boys＇ and girls＇ reading achievement

The results of lEA （The International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement） PIRLS 2006 （Progress in International Reading Literacy Study） has showed that Latvia has the 6th largest gender gap in reading literacy scores and that is an indication of a serious problem of education in this country. The purpose of the paper is to find out reasons behind boys＇ low achievement to help improve their reading literacy. The proposed hypothesis is that boys and girls are differently affected by the same factors. If that is so, teachers, parents and other education practitioners should be aware of this fact to adapt reading literacy studies for both genders at maximum efficiency. In this research, PILRS 2006 data are used and different structural equation models are created to find out which factors have the most influence on boys＇ reading achievement. Structural equation modeling （SEM） is based on achievement scores and student and parent questionnaire data. The model formed using all population data was applied to boys＇ and girls＇ data separately to observe different influence of the same factors on students reading achievement scores. The comparison of standardized coefficients of structural equation model among five countries （Spain, Russian Federation, Lithuania, Latvia and Trinidad and Tobago） has been performed. Running the same model over different boys＇ and girls＇ data of different countries has showed that the strengths of relationships among the variables are similar. It was expected to observe noticeable differences between SEM coefficients of boys＇ and girls＇ data, but it turned out that big gender differences in reading achievement does not mean big differences in standardized coefficients of structural equation model and vice versa. It is found that school environment has greater impact on boys reading literacy.     

浅析怎样使翻译过程中的语言得体(英文)

This article is for the purpose of through English words and expressions evolving, the development to release its righteousness, and pointed out that in the specific linguistic environment, the cultural context and under other correlation factor’s condition, how to cause own spoken language to be appropriate. Along with the world economic , the international commercial exchange, the commercial negotiations, the commercial conference grow day by day. But internationally in the commercial human relations activity, "how causes own spoken language to be appropriate" is a big topic.     

Critical Discourse Analysis： A Theoretical Framework for Analyzing Mathematics Teaching in Multilingual Classrooms？

The purpose of this article is to develop a framework that can be used to describe and explain how mathematics teachers construct a multilingual classroom and the discourse practices being produced in a mathematics classroom. It conceptualizes the discourse practices used by mathematics teacher educators as they prepare student teachers to teach mathematics. The framework developed here is shaped by Critical Discourse Analysis （CDA） drawn from Fairclough. This provides the theoretical and conceptual tools to examine the discourse practices of mathematics teacher educators and how the）＇ make available these discourse practices for student teachers to draw on. In broad terms, this article examines the discourse practices of the mathematics teacher educators and how they support the student teachers develop discourse practices relevant for teaching and learning school mathematics in multilingual classrooms. This article is broken down into several sections. The first section discusses what it means for student teachers to develop discourse practices for mathematics teaching. The second section provides an introduction to CDA, followed by its origins, key terms, and elements of Fairclough＇s CDA. Thereafter, the author outlines the strategies involved in doing CDA. The last section discusses why CDA is relevant to the mathematics classroom.