青少年思想道德教育现状及其对策

随着社会转型,青少年思想道德教育面临着新形势下亟待解决的问题。充分了解青少年思想发展特点和内在需求,树立以人为本的观念,把青少年思想道德教育的立足点定位在个体的全面发展上,体现在整个社会发展对未来公民素质的要求上,培育一代公民,是进一步加强青少年思想道德教育的重要方法。     

改革开放以来青少年礼育的发展与思考

改革开放30年,青少年礼育之路十分艰难。当前,青少年礼育必须思考礼育与德育的关系、礼育中认知与行为的关系、礼育内容、古今中西传承创新等问题。     

The Sociocultural Mechanism of the Formation of Young People's Attitudes Toward Education

Research shows that traditional Russian attitudes coexist with attitudes resulting from current Russian society. It is argued that this more recent set of attitudes is too instrumental, and that more traditional attitudes to the acquisition of knowledge need to be strengthened.     

青少年对思政课的逆反心理研究

思政课作为青少年学生的必修课,与其他课程相比,带有一定的历史色彩,承载着一个民族对国家未来的期望。然而对于处于青少年阶段的学生,教学内容与形式相对稳定的思政课则容易引起他们的逆反心理,从而使教师们的教学活动难以开展,教学目的难以实现。因此,针对青少年当前对思政课存在的逆反心理,需要结合学生心理、思政教育课程本身以及其他影响因素,寻找更深层次的原因和问题的解决方法。     

高职教育发展问题：国际经验与我国战略选择

高等职业教育作为高等教育体系中的一个类型,在我国加快推进社会主义现代化建设的进程中具有不可替代的作用。在研究当前我国高等职业教育发展现状及存在问题的基础上,积极借鉴和吸收世界上其它国家举办高等职业教育的成功经验,希望藉此办出有中国特色的高等职业教育。     

我国高等工程教育存在的问题及改革的战略选择

我国高等工程教育无论是从规模,还是在工程领域的研究都已经站在世界的前列,昭示了我国高等工程教育处于繁荣阶段.然而在繁荣的背后,却难掩培养人才众多,但质量不高、应用性不强;工程领域论文发表世界第一,但与产业界需求脱节;中国已成为国际研发中心选址首选,但符合国际标准的工程人才不足等尴尬局面.文章在深入分析造成这些问题的原因的基础上,提出了我国高等工程教育改革的一些战略构想.     

学科建设路线与高等教育学的选择

学科包括外在建制和内在建制。传统学科建设的路线是由内而外的,即在内在建制相对成熟的情况下再来建立学科的外在建制。我国高等教育学的建设路线却完全相反,走由外而内的学科建设路线加速了高等教育学的成长,带来巨大的成功。高等教育学的学科建设路线给我们提供了诸多启示。     

区域高等教育非均衡发展特点及战略选择

通过对我国东部、中部、西部三大区域的高等教育发展规模,高校师资水平、经费、办学效益等的比较,可以得知:三大区域间的高等教育发展具有非均衡性,而且与自身的经济发展水平之间也存在着非均衡性.而适应高等教育非均衡发展的战略选择是区域化.     

同辈群体对青少年思想政治教育的影响

对处于关键成长期的青少年来说,同辈群体环境的影响是他们成长发展过程中的一个重要因素,对青少年思想政治教育起着重要作用。文章总结了青少年同辈群体形成的原因和特点,在客观分析青少年同辈群体对青少年思想政治教育影响的基础上,提出了优化青少年同辈群体环境的几条途径,从而为引导青少年健康成长提供借鉴。     

民办高等教育筹资困境与选择

中国民办高等教育自20世纪80年代恢复以来,逐渐发展壮大,有力地推动了中国高等教育的大众化,增加了高等教育供给。与此同时,中国民办高等教育也面临着生存性、发展性短缺,制约着民办高等教育的持续发展。本文从中国民办高等教育筹资的现状入手,分析了民办高等教育筹资的困境,并重点从政府和民办高校的角度提出了解决困境的现实选择。     

高等教育大众化背景下小学教师教育的挑战与抉择

随着高等教育大众化的到来,教师教育发生了深刻的变革,给小学教师教育带来了诸多的挑战,如生源素质下降,就业市场挤压,学科地位边缘等;小学教师教育可以通过提高办学层次,增强专业适应,定向农村小学教育等方式进行抉择。     

网络环境下青少年德育的重构

随着网络技术的发展,互联网正以惊人的速度改变着人们的工作、学习和生活方式,尤其深刻影响着青少年的思维方式、行为方式、价值观念。网络给青少年带来了丰富的知识、信息。同时,网络中的负面因素也严重影响了青少年良好品德的形成。针对网络环境给青少年德育带来的负面作用,我们需要重新构建网络环境下青少年的德育。     

Young People's Voluntary and Campaigning Activities as Sources of Political Education

The article begins by examining the predominant image of young people today as alienated, apathetic, and uninvolved in their communities. It is argued that any debate about participation and politics should consider young people's involvement in voluntary and campaigning activities. Using data from a study of 1160 14-16 year-olds, it is shown that a considerable number of young people are involved in volunteering and campaigning, and also that these activities are influenced by gender, ethnicity, locality and the family. The article then explores the ways in which participation in volunteering and campaigning can promote the development of young people's political knowledge, awareness and understanding. It is demonstrated that involvement in these activities affects young people's political development in five ways, specifically in developing an understanding of the needs of different groups in society; a sense of influence over political and social events; a growing sense of party political differences and voting intent; reflection on social structures and processes; and acquiring skills useful in political campaigning. The policy implications of these findings are discussed.     

社会分层对高等教育入学机会和专业选择的影响

随着我国社会主义市场经济的发展,人民生活水平的提高,公平问题越来越成为人们关注的焦点,高等教育大众化的到来将高等教育公平问题推到了历史舞台的最前沿。社会分层与高等教育公平问题成为教育社会学关注的焦点,社会分层对高等教育入学机会和专业选择有着重要影响。     

Access to Higher Education and Disadvantaged Young People

This article will highlight the difficulties faced by qualified but disadvantaged young people in accessing higher education. This is an issue which has strong implications for education policy, economic efficiency and social justice. Over the past two decades, despite large increases in overall access to higher education, the gap in level of participation between the most affluent and most disadvantaged school‐leavers has remained intact. This article will examine patterns of educational attrition amongst less affluent young people, who gain sufficient qualifications to enter higher education. In other words, in order to redress the imbalance in the uptake of places in higher education, this article will distinguish between the factors which qualify young people to access university and those which predispose them to participate. A range of factors (barriers) which impacted upon levels of participation in higher education was found. Access to higher education was primarily dictated by level of school achievement, although this in turn was found to be a function of disadvantage. Furthermore, some qualified but disadvantaged young people forwent the opportunity to enter higher education on leaving school, while others enrolled in less advanced courses, for reasons other than academic ability.     

西部少数民族贫困地区女童教育的艰难与抉择

女童教育是一项复杂的系统工程。受少数民族传统文化观念、家庭教育、应试教育、自然环境、教育投入等多重因素的制约,西部少数民族贫困地区女童教育发展缓慢。为了实现我国教育的和谐发展的焦点,需要采取相应的发展对策：澄清观念,扫除思想文化上的障碍;构建社会支持网络,完善女童教育的保障体系深化教育改革,创新女童教育模式;加强对女童教育的理论研究。     

Increasing Inequality in Higher Education: The role of term-time working

As the costs of higher education in the UK have moved increasingly from the state to students (and their parents), more university students have term-time jobs. Based on a survey of students in four universities, this paper identifies the pattern of term-time working, its effects on studying and its implications for equity and for the higher education system. The study found term-time employment affected the quality of education. Both cultural and financial factors affected who worked during term-time. Students whose father did not have a degree and female students (especially those from ethnic minorities) were more likely to work during term-time and, hence, benefit less educationally from university. The extent of term-time working varied across the four universities. The research suggested that the financial system might lead to an increasingly polarised university system: those that facilitate term-time working and those that do not, with the more prestigious universities tending to be in the latter category. This would distort the university choice of those who needed to work during term-time, inhibiting their access to prestigious universities, and lead to greater disadvantage amongst those who worked despite being at universities which made fewer concessions for term-time working.     

民办高等教育筹资困境与选择

中国民办高等教育自20世纪80年代恢复以来,逐渐发展壮大,有力地推动了中国高等教育的大众化,增加了高等教育供给.与此同时,中国民办高等教育也面临着生存性、发展性短缺,制约着民办高等教育的持续发展.本文从中国民办高等教育筹资现状入手,分析民办高等教育筹资的困境,并重点从政府和民办高校的角度提出了解决困境的现实选择.     

Sex Education: Challenges and Choices

Noting public concern about sexual exploitation, abuse and sexualisation, we argue that sex education in the UK needs revision. Choice is a feature of current sex education policy and, acknowledging that choice can be problematic, we defend its place in an approach to sex education premised on informed deliberation, relational autonomy, a particular view of personhood and moral literacy. We argue, however, that choice and the approach outlined must be located in the realities of young people’s lives.     

Gender Issues in Parental Involvement in Student Choices of Higher Education

This article explores gender, social class and ethnic issues in parental involvement in students' choices of higher education. It draws upon interviews with students and their parents, who were a small group of an Economic and Social Research Council-funded study of students' higher education choice processes in the UK. Gender was highly significant in several respects, illustrating changes in higher education over the last 20 years, whereby more women than men now enter higher education. Most of the interviewees were female. They were mothers and daughters who were thinking about higher education. The article explores first how gender is inflected in choice processes--from whether students choose to involve their parents in the study, to their parents' characteristics, to the forms of involvement revealed. Different facets of involvement are considered--interest, influence and support, investment and intrusion. Secondly, the article provides illustrations of girls' collaborative approaches to the choice processes, in which some of their mothers also engage. This is contrasted with boys' perspectives and those of fathers who were interviewed. This illustrates how gender is woven through social networks across the generations. Parental involvement varied in terms of gender, educational and social backgrounds, or notions of 'institutional' and 'familial habitus'. Finally, the authors reflect upon why gender is salient in how young people and their parents think about their involvement in choosing universities and relate this to changes in higher education policies and practices.