The Use of Student Derived Marking Criteria in Peer and Self-assessment

This paper reports a study which implemented and evaluated a method of student self and peer assessment involving student constructed marking criteria. The theme of the importance of marking criteria (Orsmond et al ., 1996, 1997) is developed. Pairs of first-year undergraduate biology students were asked to complete a poster assignment. The study was designed to allow the comparison and evaluation of (1) student self and tutor marking for individual marking criteria; (2) student self and peer marking for individual marking criteria; and (3) student and tutor marking for student constructed and tutor provided individual marking criteria. The present study shows that: (a) students may be less able to discriminate between individual marking criteria which they have constructed compared to marking criteria that have been provided; (b) asking students to construct their own marking criteria in discussion with tutors or fellow students does not enhance agreement between student/tutor or student/student marking; and (c) allowing students to construct their own marking criteria may lead to different learning outcomes compared to providing students with a marking criteria.     

高考英语书面表达评分标准的问题与建议

随着新课程改革的不断深入,教学理念逐步更新,学生的英语水平也在逐渐提高,但沿用多年的高考英语书面表达的评分标准并没有与时俱进,已经不能完全适应英语教学改革的要求。笔者认为,与《课程标准》相对照,它存在对学生的书面表达能力要求偏低的问题;与托福等考试的写作评分标准相比较,其整体评分方式不确定度相对较大,分项式描述不尽合理。针对上述问题,本文提出了"改良的整体评分法"的建议。     

成人英语词汇教学中的自我评估和同辈评估

在成人词汇学习中引入自我评估和同辈评估,并经过系统的训练,学生不仅词汇量得到了极大地提升,而且自我评估能力及信心也大大增强了。     

The Importance of Marking Criteria in the Use of Peer Assessment

This paper reports a study which implemented and evaluated a method of peer assessment, as a formative and summative assessment procedure. Pairs of first‐year undergraduate biology students were asked to complete a poster assignment on a specific aspect of nerve physiology. This paper contains details of a method which allows student peer and tutor marking of work against the individual marking criteria to be evaluated. The results show that a comparison between the tutor and the student peer mark may be misleading as a guide to the validity of peer assessment. The importance of considering the individual sections of the marking criteria is illustrated. It was found that when the individual criteria were analysed the number of students marking the same as the tutor ranged from 31% to 62%. It also became clear that specific areas of the marking criteria were prone to over and under‐marking. Analysis of student feedback forms showed that students not only liked carrying out peer assessment, but felt the benefits in terms of developing facets of their learning process and heightening their awareness of their work. These results are discussed in the light of other studies.     

嵌入式评分标准对考生写作行为的影响

本文采用对比研究实验分析嵌入式评分标准对考生写作行为的影响,运用统计软件SPSS13．0进行独立样本t检验。研究结果表明,嵌入式评分标准能够加强考生对出题者意图的理解,写出符合写作要求的作文,但只对语言能力水平在一定阈值内的学生发生作用。这一结果丰富了Bachman和Palmer关于影响测试行为因素及途径的图式,也使出题者与考生的沟通更加具体直接,使写作考试更加人性化。     

从TEM-4听写的考试要求和评分标准谈备考策略

短文听写在英语专业四级考试中起着重要的作用,它不仅影响到考生总分的高低,甚至还会关系到整个考试的成败。本文仅从大纲的角度对听写的考试要求和评分标准进行了分析,并提出了一些相应的策略,旨在进一步提高学生的听写水平和促进以后的听力教学。     

高考主观题评分标准:问题、思考及改进策略——基于上海高考文言文阅读二(2014-2017)评分标准的分析

本研究以上海高考文言文阅读二(2014-2017)为例,讨论了如何建立高考主观题的评分标准。通过小范围的实证与测试,结合作者长期的实践与观察,分析了目前高考主观题阅卷中实际应用的"参考答案(答案示例)+评分说明"模式存在的信度、区分度不高等问题。基于测量与评价理论,区分了"答案(答案示例)"与"评分标准"在理念、思维、文字表征等方面的不同,进而聚焦"应答要素"的结构化分析。在此基础上,提出命题者、研究者、阅卷者由"答案"思维转变为"标准"思维的急迫性,同时对建构与使用"评分标准"的改进策略提出明确评分准则、评分量表应有思考方式、解题视角以及与情境有关的具体内容等方向性建议。     

人工智能评测技术在大规模中英文作文阅卷中的应用探索

本研究通过实验探索人工智能评测技术在人工网上评卷质量监控中的应用及其他相关应用。实验数据采集自2017年安徽省高考语文作文和英语作文共计841 610份试卷,对智能阅卷产生的机器评分、普通高考人工网上评卷产生的人工1评和人工2评以及报道分进行平均分、标准差、相关度、评分一致率等多个维度的数据分析,将智能阅卷产生的异常作答样本和大分差数据样本反馈给学科专家组进行质检评分。结果表明:智能阅卷基本上达到了与评卷教师相当的水平;智能阅卷始终采用统一的评分标准,更具客观公正性,能为人工网上评卷提供有效的质量监控。     

在线写作自动评改系统在大学英语写作教学中的作用与影响

目前在我国的大学英语写作的教学方面,正在逐步推行把以句酷批改网为代表的在线写作自动评改系统引入教学中的改革措施。由于在线写作自动评改系统对软硬件和教师的使用技术要求较高,且还有一些非人为评改方面的缺陷,致使一些院校在实施改革时顾虑重重。本文着重阐明了在线写作自动评改系统对大学英语写作教学多方面的有力辅助作用,并就其更深远的教育和社会意义做出了分析。希望能使更多的教师投入到这一教学改革中来。     

网络环境下的教师同伴学习研究

网络环境下的教师同伴学习是实现教师自我发展的有效手段,是一种新型的教师专业化成长途径。文章简要介绍了教师同伴学习的内涵以及Web2.0技术的特征,重点提出了Web2.0技术环境下"以课题为纽带构建跨区域教师同伴学习共同体"的模型,并结合模型对网络环境下教师同伴学习的运行机制、实施条件、实施方式等进行了具体分析。     

小议同伴互评对英语写作的影响

以南莫中学高二（1）班和高二（5）班共103人为调查对象,采用调查问卷来探究学生对＂同伴互评＂（PR）的态度。利用江苏省2010和2012这两套高考试卷作文考察学生的前测和后测作文水平,以此来观察＂同伴互评＂（PR）是否比＂教师全批全改＂（NR）更能促进学生写作能力的提高,培养彼此间的合作精神。     

基于SVM和BP神经网络的作文自动评分效果比较

随着人工智能的发展,深度学习方法被广泛应用到图像、语音处理等领域。在教育考试领域,国内外众多机构和研究者对作文自动评分展开研究。基于汉语水平考试(HSK)作文语料库,对已标注作文文本进行特征提取和筛选,在此基础上,采用支持向量机(SVM)和BP神经网络两种深度学习方法对作文等级分类,比较两种方法不同训练函数在HSK作文预测结果上的差异。     

楚雄方言量词的特异性刍议

楚雄方言属于西南官话,与现代汉民族共同语虽有许多相似之处,却也有之独特的地方。文章通过对楚雄方言部分量词重叠后的词性、词义的改变,楚雄方言的同行量词及楚雄方言量词的特点的描写,感受楚雄方言量词与普通话量词的差异。     

试析同伴辅导对辅导者的惠育

同伴辅导是同伴之间互相帮助,并以教促学的一种合作学习方式。辅导同伴不仅有助于被辅导者,它也同样有益于辅导者。通过辅导同伴,能够提升辅导者自身的学业成就,促进辅导者人格与社会化的发展,还有利于其道德品性与行为的养成。针对当前学校中个人主义的过度膨胀,我们需要为学生营造合作互助的学习环境,提升学生的合作意识与合作技能,丰富学生合作互助的形式,在教学过程中积极运用同伴辅导这一教学方式。     

Peer Tutoring, Metacognitive Processes and Multimedia Problem-based Learning: The Effect of Mediation Training on Critical Thinking

The main objective of the study reported was to explore the effect on young children’s critical thinking of a peer-tutoring training embedded with the metacognitive processes required for problem-based learning and, consequently, for critical thinking. The sample consisted of 90 first- and third-grade pupils (45 pairs) randomly assigned to the experimental or control group. The experimental tutors received the Peer Mediation training, an intervention containing embedded metacognitive processes. The control children received a general preparation for peer-assisted learning. Following their respective preparations, all the children participated in a peer-tutoring condition, videotaped for 25 min and subsequently analyzed with an adaptation of the Newman et al. (Interpers Comput Technol 3(2):56–77, 1995) content analysis instrument. Analysis of the discourse conducted during the tutoring session indicated that the tutors and tutees in the experimental groups exhibited greater depth of critical thinking, demonstrated in the higher Quality of Discourse Ratio calculated, than did the tutors and tutees in the control group. The findings supported previous results showing the efficacy of the Peer Mediation for Young Children mediation-training program, with its embedded metacognitive competencies, for reinforcing young children’s higher-order thinking. Implications for educators are discussed.     

基于Authorware+数据库的竞赛评分系统的设计与实现

Authorwarc是一种最常用的多媒体CAI课件制作工具,它是一个功能强大的图标导向式多媒体编辑制作软件。它除了可以很方便地将文字、图形、图像、声音、动画、视频等各种多媒体数据汇集在一起之外,还提供了相应的ActiveX控件技术、ODBC与数据库技术,通过对这些技术的综合应用可以制作出界面美观、功能适用的竞赛评分系统。     

球类比赛计分计时系统

本文介绍了一种球类比赛计分计时系统.该系统具有同时显示甲、乙两队比分、比赛时间及比赛结束哨音提示等功能.     

超常儿童内部动机与创造力的关系:课堂同伴互动的中介作用

探究课堂环境中的同伴因素在超常儿童内部动机与创造力关系中的影响对培养超常儿童创造力的教育实践有重要意义.本研究选取277名3-6年级普通班中的超常儿童,采用《学习自我调节量表》、《创造性课堂环境问卷》以及改编的创造力测评工具对其内部动机、课堂同伴互动水平及创造力水平进行评估,分析三者的相关关系,并建立结构方程模型,验证...     

同伴关系的功能及其对学业成绩的影响

同伴关系表现为两种,一种是同伴接纳,一种是友谊。同伴接纳与友谊在青少年发展和社会适应中有着不同的功能。这两种同伴关系对学业成绩有着不同的影响。了解这两种不同的影响对青少年的教育有所帮助。