关于大学生犯罪的成因及其对策的思考

在普通高校扩招的今天,大学生群体与日俱增,大学生们的素质也参差不齐。近年来,有关大学生犯罪的案件一再增多,人数急剧上升,手段及犯罪类型也逐步增多,大学生理应成为国家未来发展的栋梁之才,却偏偏走上犯罪的道路,成为阶下囚,真是令人痛心,让人为之惋惜。本文从当前大学生犯罪现状出发,通过对大学生犯罪的特点及主要原因的剖析,提出...     

大学生自尊的特点及其与心理健康的关系

大学生属于高自尊群体，不同年级不同层次的大学生自尊存在显著差异，大学生中存在着假性自尊和弱势群体。自尊是大学生社会适应性的核心因素，是大学生心理健康的主要标志，低自尊是大学生心理和行为异常的重要根源。形成良好的自尊有利于促进大学生的心理健康发展。     

Influences affecting the development of students' critical thinking skills

This study estimates the relative and unique effects on changes in critical thinking of three dimensions of students' college experience: curricular exposure, formal classroom and instructional experiences, and out-of-class experiences. Students' classroom/instructional and out-of-class experiences both make positive, statistically significant, and unique contributions to gains in critical thinking above and beyond students' precollege characteristics and level of critical thinking. Theoreticians have long speculated that students' academic and nonacademic experiences jointly influence change, and this study supports that belief. The design and instruments in this study may be of interest to persons involved in assessment or the study of college impact.Paper presented at the meeting of the Association for Institutional Research, New Orleans, LA, May 1993.The National Center on Postsecondary Teaching, Learning, and Assessment is funded by the U.S. Department of Education, Office of Educational Research and Improvement (OERI), under Grant No. R117G10037. The opinions herein do not necessarily reflect the position or policies of OERI, and no official endorsement should be inferred.     

“90后”大学生思想政治教育初探

“90”后大学生的独立性、选择性、多变性和差异性不断增强,与“80后”大学生相比呈现出明显不同的心理和思想特征,高校应当按照“90后”大学生思想和心理新特点创建思想政治教育新模式,探索思想政治教育新载体,搭建思想政治教育新平台,从而不断增强“90后”大学生思想政治教育的针对性、科学性、规范性和实效性,着力培养出符合新时期需要的栋梁之才。     

关注特殊群体,以人为本促和谐——大学生特殊群体工作与和谐校园建设

近几年来,在大学校园里,出现了由经济困难学生、心理发展障碍学生、学习困难学生、受处分学生等构成的大学生特殊群体。大学生特殊群体已成为高校构建和谐校园的严重障碍,大学生特殊群体的教育管理工作是全面贯彻以人为本,落实科学发展观的需要,也是和谐校园建设的需要。     

课堂教学与大学生的就业素质培养——以宁波电大为例

大学生就业是关系到学校生存、学生命运的重要因素,学生、学校、社会都非常关注大学生的就业问题。面临今年的金融危机,学生的就业形式非常严峻,如何提升大学生就业过程中及以后工作所需的素养、技能,是本文研究的重点。本文从就业形势的分析中,主要探寻日常课堂中对于就业技能、素养的培养方法。     

Conversations about sexuality on a public university campus: perspectives from campus ministry students and leaders

Little is known about university campus religious organisations’ influence on students’ sexuality-related attitudes and behaviours. This study sought to better understand sexuality-related communication within the context of campus ministries by exploring students’ and campus ministry leaders’ conversational experiences at a public university in the south-east USA. Data sources included an online survey of undergraduates participating in student religious organisations (n = 57), focus groups with campus ministry students (n = 36), and individual interviews with campus ministry leaders (n = 19). Findings indicated student satisfaction with the focus and frequency of conversations about romantic relationships and sexual health within the context of campus ministries. However, both campus ministry students and leaders indicated discomfort in discussions of sexuality. Leaders acknowledged their need for better strategies to engage students; students focused on how to integrate religious messages about sexuality with messages from other sources. These findings suggest campus ministry leaders may benefit from focused training and support to communicate more effectively with college students about sexuality.     

What Motivates Today’s Criminal Justice Student to Become an Engaged Learner?

The use of student-centered High Impact Practices (HIPs) has become increasingly popular across university and college faculty. HIPs increase student development of critical thinking, problem solving, and communication skills. HIPs also provide students the opportunity to engage in real-world application of course knowledge. While HIPs increase student engagement and intrinsic motivation, little research has explored student perception of these concepts. This article describes a pilot course offered to upper level criminal justice students that incorporated three HIPs: undergraduate research, collaborative assignments, and service/community-based learning. Semi-structured interviews were used to facilitate individual student discussion regarding their perceptions and experiences of the course related to their level of motivation and engagement as compared to traditional classes. Results indicated student expectations for the course were exceeded; students believed the course would positively impact their future career/education plans; and the HIPs motivated the students to engage more than their traditional lecture-oriented courses.     

Does branding impact student recruitment: a critical evaluation

This study focuses on segmentation feasibility within the private college/university market. There is considerable overlap for private and public college/university students with respect to their consideration criteria; however, previous research suggests that there are some criteria that appear to be differentially important based on the type of student and institution. Therefore, using factors considered by university students in a previous study, the current research sought to further explore the existence of segments within a private university. The findings suggested that three segments of students exist – one segment considers all university criteria as important, another places high importance on the financial aspects of attending a university, and another segment moderately evaluates all university criteria. Implications of the findings are discussed.     

柔性管理:高校学生管理工作的理念与实践

学生管理是高等学校管理工作的重要组成部分,随着时代的发展变化,原有的学生管理模式已日益凸显其弊端。在高校学生管理工作中,应深入研究与把握大学生的心理与行为规律,注重实施柔性管理,把组织意志变为大学生自觉的行为,从而促进高校精神文明建设和学生管理工作水平的不断提升。     

地方本科院校会计专业学生科研团队的建设与管理

当前会计专业本科生教育普遍存在重教学轻科研的现象,而科学研究是提高学生创新和实践能力的基础。组建科研团队是提升本科生创新能力的有效途径,因此,高校应建立相应的管理制度,设立专项科研经费,鼓励本科生开展科研活动,以提升本科生的创新和实践能力。     

Understanding Bereavement in a Christian University: A Qualitative Exploration

This phenomenological study, based on ecological systems theory, examined the college student bereavement experience in a Christian university. Undergraduate students (N = 127) from a small Christian university provided answers to open‐ended questions about their experiences regarding college following a death loss. Results indicate that students are generally successful in adapting to bereavement and prefer an environment open to discussing death and asking difficult religious questions. Implications for counselors are provided.     

Regulatory mechanism of self-determination involvement in higher education: assessing Chinese students’ experiences

Investment in higher education facilities in terms of both hardware and software has witnessed significant growth on a yearly basis since the reintroduction of the college entrance examination known as the NMT in 1977. However, a social assessment of graduates’ qualities seems to indicate that the improvement in skill levels and graduates’ general qualities has failed to keep pace with the growth in investment. As a bridge to relate college environment to student gains in learning, student self-determined involvement in educational activities plays an important role in analyzing the educational effects of colleges. Based on a conducted through the survey of Chinese College Student Experience Questionnaire, with data collected from 647 valid respondents, universities can observe and evaluate the levels and quality of students’ involvement in the educational process. The students’ involvement of educational activities can be investigated through data analysis, employing statistical methods of a structural equation model. In observing student involvement in the educational system, it becomes apparent that the students’ capacity for building on and playing a key role in the improvement of the quality of education they receive is largely controlled by their involvement activities in the learning process. In addition, both of the college environment and student motivation have a combined and significant effect on student involvement behaviors. Student involvement can be divided into three gradual but distinct levels (controlled, identified and integrated involvement) in accordance with the varying degrees of internalization. Student involvement will exponentially magnify the positive effects on student gains when colleges invest in new and additional resources, particularly when students become more deeply involved in the educational environment. In addition, when colleges make a concentrated effort to recognize the importance of student involvement, and they encourage and incentivise students to become involved, the college itself will benefit greatly from the improved university environment. This combination of mutually beneficial activity, therefore, represents a virtuous circle of promotion between college and students.     

Understanding College-Student Roles: Perspectives of Participants in a High School/Community College Dual-Enrollment Program

Dual-enrollment programs have been proposed as a useful way to ease students’ transition from high school to community college. Several studies have shown that dual enrollment produces positive effects for students, but less is known about the mechanisms these programs use to support student success. Symbolic interactionism suggests that clarity of the role of a college student may help students transition into this role with more ease. With new legislation allowing students to use Pell Grants to attend dual-enrollment programs, and other proposed policies to increase attendance at community college, research on the mechanisms that make dual enrollment successful is well-timed. This study takes a mixed method approach with an online survey (N = 101) and a series of focus groups (N = 15) to explore the experiences of dual-enrollment students from several high schools and one community college. Findings suggest that dual enrollment helped to enhance participants’ clarity of the college-student role, including who attends college, what skills are required, what college can lead to, and their own self-identification as college students. Sources of role expectations for these students included self-reflection and peer, family, teacher, and structural expectations. Students highlighted strengths and weaknesses of the dual-enrollment program in which they were enrolled. These findings have implications for practice, including the potential for dual enrollment to support low-income and first-generation college students in their transition to higher education.     

高校女生管理问题的社会性别审读

从社会性别视角解读女大学生管理工作,分析了目前管理工作中的“性别无意识”问题．并结合高校的实际和当代的管理理念,关注和探讨基于社会性别视角的女大学生管理工作的新形式。     

Exploring barriers and solutions to academic writing: Perspectives from students,higher education and further education tutors

Staff and student perceptions of what constitutes good academic writing in both further and higher education often differ. This is reflected in written assignments which frequently fall below the expected standard. In seeking to develop the writing skills of students and propose potential solutions to writing difficulties, a study was conducted in a university and a nearby further education college in the north west of England to explore barriers and solutions to AW difficulties. This paper reports the findings generated using unmoderated focus groups with second-year university health studies students (n=70) and moderated focus groups with further education college teachers (n=3) and health studies lecturers in a university (n=6).

Findings indicated that staff and students’ perceptions of what constitutes AW differed. The barriers to academic writing that were identified included lack of time and confidence; lack of extended writing at FE level; lack of reading and understanding of academic texts or journals; referencing; and academic jargon.     

基于数字化校园的大学生创新能力培养

培养具有创新能力和创新思维的大学生是高等教育的重要任务。文章提出在信息技术迅速发展的数字化校园环境下,培养大学生创新思维和创新能力应该通过大学资源规划,利用网络平台构建有利于大学生创新思维和创新能力培养的知识库与自主学习模式;构建有利于大学生创新思维和创新能力培养的创新技法,即数字化校园下构建案例教学式、讨论式、项目设计或研究式、游戏式、活动式教学环境;构建培养创新的资源库,积极发挥非智力因素在创新能力培养中的作用。     

云南少数民族大学生社会认同多维模式状况调查——以保山学院和大理学院为例

云南作为全国少数民族最多的省份,少数民族大学生在全省大学生中的比例也在全国处于前列,研究少数民族大学生认同状况、针对少数民族大学生认同的表现规律,探索少数民族大学生社会认同的运行机制,以有利于探索高等教育改革、构建和谐文化、和谐心理。以保山学院和大理学院为调查点,对少数民族大学生的基本情况进行说明,分析影响少数民族大学生社会认同的因素。     

普通高校经管类本科生创新能力培养研究

当今社会,创新已成为时代发展的主流,培养学生的创新能力也成为高等教育的重点。针对目前高校经管类本科生创新能力实际,以江西省某大学为例,就本科生创新能力培养进行了相关调研,对影响经管类学生创新能力培养的智力因素进行分析,力求对加强经管类本科生创新能力培养提出建议。     

Personal,career, and learning skills needs of first-year university students

This study investigates the personal, career and learning skills needs of first-year university students. Consenting first-year South African students completed structured questionnaires assessing these needs in 1993 (n=1,817) and 1994 (n=2,209). The need for assistance with personal, career and learning skills concerns was found to be much higher in the South African student samples than for North American students.