Perceptions of diverse educators regarding ethnic-minority deaf college students, role models, and diversity

IN A QUALITATIVE STUDY, the researchers documented the perceptions of deaf and hearing ethnically diverse university faculty and staff regarding issues related to the education of ethnic-minority deaf college students. These experienced educators commented on the importance of ethnic-minority role models for deaf college students, the academic preparedness of ethnic-minority deaf students, these students' level of comfort on campus, and the success of institutional efforts to increase awareness regarding ethnic diversity. The insightful reflections of these diverse educators can be informative in improving the educational experience of ethnic-minority deaf students.     

独立学院中奖助学金政策对大学生的影响探究

在中国进入21世纪后,随着高校的扩招,国家对高等教育的投入也越来越大,资助政策也越来越完善,助学金的数额也随之增加,以独立学院为例,高额学费使得部分学生求学路途艰辛,但是国家政策的关怀,并没有引起广大学生的社会回报,反而表现出种种意料的变化,这些变化值得高校和政府部门的研究反思。     

Becoming a teacher: The transition from teachers' college to classroom life

In the light of the recent literature on beginning teachers, this paper elaborates upon their concerns and how these concerns relate to school environments and to the teaching profession. The paper presents a qualitative study based upon interviews with beginning teachers and a content-analysis of the protocolled interviews. Findings indicate the co-existence of both commonalities and distinctive characteristics of beginning teachers' concerns in various types of schools. While commonalities pertain to concerns inherent in the teaching profession, distinctive characteristics pertain to school environments. The latter seem to be an influential factor in the professional socialization of beginning teachers. Practical implications are drawn for teacher educators, school advisers and inspectors.

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Zusammenfassung Angesichts neuerer Literatur über Junglehrer, arbeitet dieses Papier ihre Einstellungen heraus und wie diese Einstellungen mit dem Schulumfeld und dem Lehrerberuf in Verbindung zu bringen sind. Das Papier stellt eine qualitative Studie dar basierend auf Interviews mit Junglehrern und eine Inhaltsanalyse der Interviewprotokolle. Die Ergebnisse weisen auf eine Koexistenz sowohl gemeinsamer als auch unterschiedlicher Merkmale in den Einstellungen von Junglehrern in den verschiedenen Schultypen hin. Während die gemeinsamen Einstellungen inhärent dem Lehrerberuf zuzuordnen sind, gehören die unterschiedlichen Merkmale zum Schulumfeld. Das letztere scheint ein Faktor zu sein, der die berufliche Sozialisation der Junglehrer beeinflußt. Praktische Folgerungen werden daraus für die Lehrerausbilder, Schulbehörden und Schulinspektoren gezogen.

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Résumé A la lumière des études récentes qui existent sur les enseignants débutants, cet article examine en détail les problèmes que ceux-ci rencontrent et leurs rapports avec l'environnement scolaire et la profession d'enseignant. Il s'agit d'une étude qualitative basée sur des interviews d'enseignants débutants et une analyse du compte rendu écrit de ces interviews. Les résultats révèlent la coéxistence de caractéristiques communes et distinctives dans les problémes des enseignants débutants des différents types d'écoles. Si les problèmes communs à tous font partie inhérente de la profession d'enseignant, les caractéristiques distinctives ont trait, elles, à l'environnement scolaire. Celui-ci semble être un facteur qui influe sur la socialisation professionnelle de l'enseignant qui débute. Des implications pratiques sont présentées pour les professeurs chargés de la formation des futurs enseignants, les conseillers et inspecteurs d'écoles.

     

Self-determination perceptions and behaviors of diverse students with LD during the transition planning process

Transition models include components of student self-determination during transition planning meetings. Researchers acknowledge that cultural identity may influence both transition decisions and self-determination strategies. Yet the appropriateness of these approaches for culturally and linguistically diverse students with learning disabilities (LD) remains unknown. This study examined self-determination perceptions and behaviors of European American, African American, and Hispanic American male adolescents with LD. Data were collected during focus group and individual interviews, observations, and document reviews. Qualitative data analysis provided information about students' behaviors and perceptions during postsecondary transition planning. The findings indicated that differences within this group of diverse participants were subtle. Students identified themselves and family members--rather than teachers--as key players in transition planning. Students perceived that self-determination efforts were thwarted in school contexts, whereas self-determination opportunities in home contexts were more accessible and productive.     

社会转型期增强大学生思政教育实效性探析

分析了社会转型时期对大学生思想政治教育工作带来的挑战,探讨了增强大学生思政教育实效性的着力点,研究剖析了当前大学生思想政治教育的现状,并就如何增强大学生思政教育实效性提出相应之策。     

Determinants of institutional attractiveness to bright,prospective college students

This article examines the institutional characteristics which affect the attractiveness of colleges and universities to bright, prospective students. The dependent variable was formed by using the expressed college preferences of the highest scoring third of all students taking the National Merit Scholarship Exam in 1964–65 and 1972–73. Twenty-eight independent variables were factor analyzed and selected variables entered into a stepwise multiple regression. Low tuition, well-credentialed faculty, research orientation, and fiscal strength appear as the important factors in raising institutional attractiveness.     

Latino student transition to college: Assessing difficulties and factors in successful college adjustment

The primary purpose of this study is to understand the factors that affect Latino student adjustment in the first and second year of college. The study examines data from a national, longitudinal survey along with the Student Adaptation to College Questionnaire completed by Latino students judged to have high potential for success upon entering a variety of four-year colleges. Results show dimensions of the campus climate affect all forms of student adjustment, as do transitional experiences that are common to most students in the first year. Implications of the findings suggest further college programming and monitoring of adjustment in the second year of college.An earlier version of this paper was presented at the Association of Institutional Research Forum in New Orleans, LA, May 1994.     

First-generation college students: Characteristics,experiences, and cognitive development

This study sought answers to three questions: (1) Do the precollege characteristics of first-generation students differ from those of traditional students? (2) Do first-generation students' college experiences differ from those of other students? (3) What are the educational consequences of any differences on first-year gains in students' reading, math, and critical thinking abilities? Answers come from 2,685 students (825 first-generation and 1,860 traditional students) who entered 23 diverse institutions nationwide in Fall 1992 and who completed one year of study. First-generation students differ from their traditional peers in both entering characteristics and college experiences. Although traditional students make greater net gains in reading during their first year, the two groups gain to about the same degree in math and critical thinking skills. Those gains, however, appear to result from somewhat different experiences.     

Writing stories,rewriting identities: using journalism education and mobile technologies to empower marginalized high school students

This study examines the impact that producing a print newspaper using cell phones had on marginalized students in a high school journalism classroom. Analysis of data from participant observation, artifact analysis and student interviews revealed that a) students negotiated cell phone use for educational purposes, despite school bans on such devices, and b) students manifested emerging, transformative identities that positively influenced their roles in five key areas: as a conception of self, in other academic classes, among peers, with family, and in the community. Our findings point to the significance of media-based journalism production in allowing marginalized students to embrace professional identities by participating in a meaningful community of practice. This research highlights the academic, social and civic benefits of such initiatives, and calls attention to the range of opportunities and challenges that pertain to using mobile devices as learning tools in these contexts.     

对大学生诚信教育的几点思考

诚实守信不仅是大学生应具备的基本素质,也是大学生健全人格的重要组成部分。文章针对大学生中在诚信方面存在种种问题,对如何加强大学生诚信教育,提出了一系列看法和建议。     

The transition from a university college to a university: a United Kingdom study

Tertiary Education and Management - As a result of policy changes, nearly all university colleges in the UK have been redesignated as universities. This transition was studied in one such...     

从学院翻译到商业翻译的译者角色转换

基于翻译目的、文本偏向、指导理论、影响因素等的不同,学院翻译与商业翻译中的译者角色也有所不同。在学院翻译中译者主要承担翻译活动的绝对主体、文本的纯转述者和文字校对员三种角色,而在商业翻译中译者则转换为发起人／委托人的遵从者、基于受众的创造者和文本内外的协调员。译者如果能尽快了解商业翻译并及早适应这些角色转换,就有助于其成为优秀的专职商业译者。     

大学生创业政策:评价与展望

创业政策体系包括开展创业教育培训,减少进入障碍,提供金融支持和商务支持,促进创业文化等内容。当前我国的大学生创业政策,创业培训有长足发展,但创业教育落后;减少进入障碍政策日渐完备,但商务支持不足;信贷政策日趋合理,但创业基金政策滞后;改善硬环境政策日臻完善,但改善软环境政策缺失。完善大学生创业政策,应强化高校创业教育课程,构建创业教育新体系;优化创业促进政策,构建创业促进政策新模式;完善创业融资政策,开拓创业融资政策新渠道;改善创业环境,营造适宜创业的社会氛围。     

论大学生的自我管理

自我管理是当代大学生必备的素质,也是当代大学生教育的重要内容。文章在对自我管理内涵约定的基础上,认为,自我管理是大学生事业成功的重要保障;自我管理能够提高大学生的活动绩效;自我管理有助于促进大学生的身心健康。大学生的自我管理能力的培养主要可以从这样几个操作层面进行：即学习管理、交往活动的管理、计划组织实施能力的管理、资源与机会管理、行为动力系统的管理、自我控制能力的管理、责任心的管理和健康管理等。     

Guiding a diverse mix of first-year business students: implications for university administrators,instructors and students

This article describes a collaborative research project by the institutional research group and a team of faculty members at a Canadian university. In response to an increasingly diverse mix of students, the researchers set out to develop an understanding of relationships between student characteristics, categorized as demographic differences, personal attributes and academic preparedness, and student outcomes measured by both grades and student perceptions. Significant differences were found in grades outcomes based on characteristics such as international status, secondary school grades, study habits and writing skills. However, these differences were not evident in student perceptions of course value or learning achievement. This study has important implications for university administrators (recruiting, intake assessment and student support), instructors (understanding of diversity characteristics and how students perceive learning experience) and for students, who can be given an opportunity to better understand how their own personal characteristics might affect their learning experiences and outcomes.     

对一般本科类院校大学生就业难问题的思考

相比重点高校的大学生,一般本科类院校的学生面临的就业形势更加严峻。学生职业素质能力欠缺明显、职业生涯规划意识不够、校内外实践平台缺乏等是不容忽视的关键因素。从提高学生自身职业素质能力、加强职业生涯规划意识导向、面向就业市场及重视搭建校内外实践平台等方面,提出了应对一般本科类院校大学生就业难问题的对策。