Ausbildungs- und Berufserfolg im Lehramtsstudium im Vergleich zum Diplom-Studium – Zur prognostischen Validität kognitiver und psycho-motivationaler Auswahlkriterien

The basis of this study is a prognostic model derived from the theory of work and organizational psychology, from research about the selection of college students and from teaching and learning research. The model includes cognitive and psycho-motivational criteria for selecting students as well as objective and subjective indicators for study and job success. In a four-year longitudinal study with three measuring points, the prognostic validity of the selection criteria is tested (n?=?760). The basic hypotheses are that differences in the prognostic validity of the model for teacher training and subject-specific diploma students (both in the area of mathematics) exist, and that it is easier to predict study success than job success. Secondary school exit exam, classes in advanced mathematics, interest in mathematics, subject-specific study motivation and self-efficacy are the predictive indicators taken into account. Evaluative indicators for study success are study duration, intentions of dropping out, stress experiences, the results of university exit exam and students’ second state exam. Evaluative indicators for occupational success are the job status five years after graduation, job satisfaction and stress experiences. Bivariate correlations and regression analyses support the leading hypotheses.     

高职建筑类学生自主学习教学模式适应性研究

以北京京北职业技术学院建筑设备专业2009级全体学生为研究对象,分析了自主学习教学模式在高职建筑类专业课程教学中的适应性和有效性。研究结果表明,学生自主学习能力的提高能够帮助他们树立正确的学习观,掌握有效的学习方法,培养良好的意志品质,并且有助于学业成绩的提高,具有较好的适应性。     

大学英语学习策略训练的教师角色

学习策略是大学英语课程的重要内容,对学生进行学习策略训练可培养其自主学习能力。教师在英语学习策略训练中扮演重要角色,担当学习策略意识的引导者、学习策略信息的传递者、学习策略使用的示范者和学习策略评价的合作者。教师只有将学习策略训练身份与其教学身份有机地融合,才能发挥出学习策略训练的最佳效果。     

基于网络环境的大学生英语自主学习现状分析

以计算机和网络为核心的现代信息技术正影响和改变着我们的学校教育,如何在网络环境下进行大学英语自主学习是当今教育研究的一个重要主题。通过对江汉大学非英语专业大学生进行“网络环境下大学英语自主学习现状”的调查．分析了目前大学生自主学习的状况,发现在网络环境下英语学习风格与策略都将发生很大的变化,大学英语的教学模式和师生的角色需要转变,学生的自主意识和自主能力更需要提高和加强。     

浅析大学英语学习中补偿策略的培养

文章采用教育学家Oxford对语言学习策略的定义及分类,并对其分类中的直接策略之一——补偿策略进行进一步探讨。根据英语教学实践中所发现问题,文章着重讨论大学生英语学习中培养补偿策略的重要性,通过介绍其详细的分类及培养方法,以求对英语教学有一定的引导意义并帮助学生更轻松地学好英语。     

A comparative study of learning patterns of secondary school,high school and college students

The main aim of the current research was to identify the similarities and differences in learning patterns used by secondary school, high school and college students. There were 8,072 participants and they responded to the Chinese version of Inventory of Learning Styles (ILS) online. Findings show that the three groups of students were significantly different in their adoption of learning patterns; the dimensionalities of learning patterns observed in secondary school and high school students were similar, but were different from those of college students; these students’ learning patterns differed from each other in relation to personal characteristics (i.e. gender and age), but tended to have similar strong relationships with parents’ education level and parents’ jobs. This study contributes to the understanding of the learning patterns characterized by school and college students. By acknowledging this, educators can help to develop better support for students in adapting to new study environments.     

少数民族大学生学习状况的影响因子分析

为了了解少数民族大学生的学习状况,对贵州省5所高校713名少数民族大学生开展问卷调查,运用SPSS统计分析不同特征少数大学生学习状况的差异,建立因子分析模型,归纳提炼影响少数民族大学生学习状况的公因子。结果发现:不同性别、年级的大学生在学习动力、学习态度、学习策略、课堂表现和学习成绩方面均存在显著差异;其中性别、民族差异、专业认同及态度行为是影响少数民族大学生学习状况的4个公因子,累积解释率达57.64%。因此,增强少数民族大学生的内部学习动机、设置不同培养环节和培养方式、开展少数民族校园文化活动以及实施导师制对于提升少数民族大学生学习效率具有重要作用。     

加强学习策略培训 提高学生英语自主学习能力

培养学生利用学习策略,学会学习,不仅能减轻学生的学习负担,提高学生的学习效果,而且能提高教育教学水平和质量。文章通过分析高职高专学生英语学习的能力、水平和英语教学的现状及存在的问题,阐述了对学生进行英语学习策略培训的必要性,并有针对性地提出了适合高职高专学生学习特点的十项学习策略,对学生进行自主学习能力培训。     

Learning and Thinking Styles: An analysis of their interrelationship and influence on academic achievement

This study examined whether college students' learning styles (LS) and thinking styles (TS) were interrelated, and if these could predict academic achievement. A total of 210 college students completed two inventories, one of LS (LSQ, Kolb), and the other of TS (MSG, Sternberg). The results of canonical correlation analysis revealed the presence of a moderate relationship between both types of styles. The results of regression analysis indicated that students' academic achievement was related to students' thinking styles. Students that prefer to work individually (Internal), that do not enjoy creating, formulating, and planning for problem solution (Legislative in a negative sense) and those that have adherence to existing rules and procedures (Executive) were those which obtained higher academic achievement. The implications of these findings for educational psychologists, which include assessment of LS and TS and the need to encourage thinking as an important part of the learning process, are discussed.     

解读当代日本大学生的学习行为与意识——简析2007年度日本全国大学生调查

在高等教育大众化的时代,高等教育的质量保障成为各国所面临的共同课题。由于高等教育的直接对象是大学生,了解学生的学习状况就自然成为该领域研究的关键所在。东京大学大学经营政策研究中心(GRUMP)在2007年进行了一次全国范围的学生调查,问卷内容涉及学生的学习行为、学习意识和教学评价等多方面。根据调查结果,学生被分为四个类型,各类型学生的学习状况存在着明显的差异。如何应对学生的不同需求,提高教学质量是值得我们进一步研究的。     

基于自主性学习的英语教学模式探究

传统的大学英语教学模式,教学效果不理想,引起众多批评。于是正在进行的大学英语教学改革里,提出要培养学生的自主学习能力,然而实践中出现对自主学习的认识偏差,忽视了课堂教学活动的重要性,轻视了教师的主导地位,对学生的主体地位的定位不准确等等问题。针对以上情况本文尝试探讨通过何种模式来培养学习者自主学习能力。     

Refining a learning progression of energy

ABSTRACT

This paper presents a revised learning progression for the energy concept and initial findings on diverse progressions among subgroups of sample students. The revised learning progression describes how students progress towards an understanding of the energy concept along two progress variables identified from previous studies – key ideas about energy and levels of conceptual development. To assess students understanding with respect to the revised learning progression, we created a specific instrument, the Energy Concept Progression Assessment (ECPA) based on previous work on assessing students’ understanding of energy. After iteratively refining the instrument in two pilot studies, the ECPA was administered to a total of 4550 students (Grades 8–12) from schools in two districts in a major city in Mainland China. Rasch analysis was used to examine the validity of the revised learning progression and explore factors explaining different progressions. Our results confirm the validity of the four conceptual development levels. In addition, we found that although following a similar progression pattern, students’ progression rate was significantly influenced by environmental factors such as school type. In the discussion of our findings, we address the non-linear and complex nature of students’ progression in understanding energy. We conclude with illuminating our research's implication for curriculum design and energy teaching.     

职业生涯规划视域下的高校就业指导全程化研究

高校就业指导工作是一个系统工程,必须结合大学四年不同学习内容和学生特点开展职业生涯规划教育,明确不同时期就业指导工作重点,更新观念,加强课程建设,培养高水平的专业化师资队伍以及努力为学生提供就业能力训练平台等措施,将就业指导工作贯穿于高校育人的全过程。     

Early identification of primary school students with learning difficulties in Hong Kong: the development of a checklist

Early identification of children experiencing difficulties in learning is essential for timely and effective intervention. The aim of this study was to develop a screening instrument for identifying students with learning difficulties at the end of the first term of Primary 1 in Hong Kong. This paper describes the development and validation of a 27‐item checklist on 594 students. Validity testing performed included content and expert, contrasted group, concurrent and predictive validity; all were found to be satisfactory. In addition, test–re‐test reliability was assessed to be good. The checklist can be administered in 10 minutes for each student based on everyday observations of the student; no specific testing of the students would be required. A longer version with 97 items was also made available for teachers to conduct a more comprehensive evaluation of a child’s performance.     

Felder and Silverman's Index of Learning Styles and Honey and Mumford's Learning Styles Questionnaire: How do they compare and do they predict academic performance?

Samples of engineering and business students at undergraduate, postgraduate and post-experience levels at two UK universities completed the Index of Learning Styles (ILS) (N = 284) or the (Learning Styles Questionnaire LSQ) (N = 182) and a biographical data questionnaire. Broad psychological aspects of the two learning style instruments are examined and compared. Psychometric properties of the instruments, including factor structure, internal reliability and inter-scale correlation are analysed. Potential limitations are commented on, in particular those related to the construct validity and relatively low internal reliability of the ILS scales (alpha = 0.41 to 0.65). These compare with alphas of 0.59 to 0.74 for the LSQ. Relationships between the scales are discussed and a circumplex arrangement of the LSQ is proposed. Proposals for augmenting the circumplex are made. Academic performance results and scores on each of the two instruments are compared. The general lack of significant correlations between learning style scores and performance in these samples is discussed. Conclusions are drawn about the disappointing psychometric robustness of the measures, the activity-centred nature of learning styles and the advantages of viewing styles as a circumplex.     

小组合作学习在普通高校英语阅读课中的实践与反思

合作可以充分利用教学资源,引导学生相互学习,提高学习效率,培养团队合作素质。本文通过小组合作学习在普通高校英语阅读课中的实践和反思,对教师与学生的行为在小组合作学习中的有效性进行分析,并提出了解决策略。     

Group Work in Spoken English Teaching in Vocational School

In English class,teachers are inclined to instruct linguistic knowledge,neglecting the training of students’ linguistic behavior.Especially under the whole-class teaching mode,the opportunities for students to practice spoken English are rather limited in the class.Based on the theory of Cooperative Learning,group work,which is a kind of teaching method,will effectively solve this problem.My research is to study the influence of this activity on the students’ English learning through questionnaire in vocational college and how to make this activity more effective.     

论大学英语词汇记忆策略培训

大学英语词汇记忆策略培训实践一年后,试验班和非试验班学生的词汇能力有了区别,试验班学生的词汇及词汇应用水平比非试验学生高,从而说明词汇记忆策略培训对提高大学生词汇记忆能力的积极作用。     

建构主义教学与学习评估方法的探讨

简要分析建构主义教学的特征,并从建构主义教学的角度,对目前英美等国许多大学普遍采用的大学生学习评估方法以及各种方法的利弊进行阐述和比较。同时,对提高中国高校学习评估的可靠性和有效性提出建议。     

信息技术促进学生外语内隐学习的探析

首先论述了内隐学习及其所具有的特征,然后从信息技术能为学习者提供多种媒体的学习材料、便于实现外显学习与内隐学习的有机结合、能为学习者阅读和听力提供良好的环境及能创设真实的外语学习情境四个方面探讨信息技术在促进学生外语内隐学习中的作用。