Manager communication and workplace trust: Understanding manager and employee perceptions in the e-world

Today's business environment is populated with individuals who are digitally connected to clients, contractors, managers, and employees. Traditionally, the ways and behaviors of managers had developed and thrived within face-to-face work environments, but as computer-mediated technologies continue to change the boundaries of the business community, permit alternative worksites to increase, and the traditional workday to disappear, the role of the manager has changed. This article focuses on the communication behaviors between managers and their employees, and how these behaviors have changed as digital communication methods have become mainstream within organizations today. The variables of interest are manager communication and workplace trust. The intended outcome is to uncover the expectations that have yet to be agreed upon within the manager–employee e-relationship.     

浅谈传播学视域下如何提高高校思想政治教育的实效

大众传播的发展对社会生活产生了重大影响,也对当前的高校思想政治教育提出了新的课题。大众传播作为一把“双刃剑”,其不仅带来了机遇也带来了挑战。如何趋利避害,合理利用大众传播？本文试将高校思想政治教育置于传播学的视域下,对这一独特的信息传播过程进行解读,从而立足新视角对如何提高高校思想政治教育的实效提出了自己的看法。     

Accounting for change in national systems of innovation: A friendly critique based on the U.S. case

This paper advances a friendly critique of the national systems of innovation approach and offers some suggestions for its future development. I argue that the approach has difficulty accounting for bounded change in national systems. I review three recent changes in the U.S. innovation system - the Internet boom and bust of the late 1990s and early 2000s, the response to the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, and the acceleration of productivity growth since the mid-1990s - in order to assess the strengths and weaknesses of the framework in this respect. Future research might be enriched, at least in the case of large national innovation systems, by absorbing concepts developed in other strands of institutionalist literature, such as “intercurrence” and “embeddedness”.     

微博科学传播机制的社会网络分析——以转基因食品议题为例

微博科学传播通过社会关系进行。微博用户基于关注、转发、评论等关系形成传播网络,网络结构决定信息的来源、方向、强度及范围。运用社会网络分析,定量探究这一网络的结构特征,为微博科学传播机制研究提供了结构主义的新视角。传播网络结构分析从整体结构、个体位置结构、子群结构、子群互动结构等四个层次展开。转基因食品议题的案例研究发现:公共科学议题在微博空间中具有多元交互的传播渠道;相关传播主体之间的关系呈现精英民主化特征;往往产生群体两极化的传播效果。     

Dances with bees: Exploring the relevance of the study of animal communication to informatics

This paper describes part of a larger body of theoretical work which provides a new perspective on the nature of informatics, an umbrella term used to stand for the overlapping disciplinary areas of Information Systems, Information Management and Information Technology. We argue for an area of interest located at the intersection of signs and systems, which involves the enactment of forma (the substance of a sign), informa (the content of a sign) and performa (the use of signs within coordinated action). This conceptual scheme is reflected against work not traditionally covered by theory-making within informatics: that of animal communication. We use the well-documented case of the dance of the European honeybee to help ground our discussion. This examination leads to an understanding of the central position of communication amongst organisms as well as the place of human communication in the broad evolution of communication systems. This allows us to highlight crucial features of the concept of a data system as well as the important distinction between persistent and non-persistent data systems within communication processes.     

Information retrieval in the workplace: A comparison of professional search practices

Legal researchers, recruitment professionals, healthcare information professionals, and patent analysts all undertake work tasks where search forms a core part of their duties. In these instances, the search task is often complex and time-consuming and requires specialist expertise to identify relevant documents and insights within large domain-specific repositories and collections. Several studies have been made investigating the search practices of professionals such as these, but few have attempted to directly compare their professional practices and so it remains unclear to what extent insights and approaches from one domain can be applied to another. In this paper we describe the results of a survey of a purposive sample of 108 legal researchers, 64 recruitment professionals and 107 healthcare information professionals. Their responses are compared with results from a previous survey of 81 patent analysts. The survey investigated their search practices and preferences, the types of functionality they value, and their requirements for future information retrieval systems. The results reveal that these professions share many fundamental needs and face similar challenges. In particular a continuing preference to formulate queries as Boolean expressions, the need to manage, organise and re-use search strategies and results and an ambivalence toward the use of relevance ranking. The results stress the importance of recall and coverage for the healthcare and patent professionals, while precision and recency were more important to the legal and recruitment professionals. The results also highlight the need to ensure that search systems give confidence to the professional searcher and so trust, explainability and accountability remains a significant challenge when developing such systems. The findings suggest that translational research between the different areas could benefit professionals across domains.     

Modelling the joint impact of R&D and ICT on productivity: A frontier analysis approach

This study explores the channels through which technological investments affect productivity performance of industrialized economies. Using a Stochastic Frontier Model (SFM) we estimate the productivity effects of R&D and ICT for a large sample of OECD industries between 1973 and 2007, identifying four channels of transmission: input accumulation, technological change, technical efficiency and spillovers. Our results show that ICT has been particularly effective in reducing production inefficiency and in generating inter-industry spillovers, while R&D has raised the rate of technical change and favoured knowledge spillovers within sectors. We also quantify the contribution of technological investments to output and total factor productivity growth documenting that R&D and ICT accounted for almost 95% of productivity growth in the OECD area.     

Exploring the usability of web portals: A Croatian case study

Web portals act as a single point of access to information and services relevant to person's work or personal interests. Market research findings related to Croatian web context report that nowadays horizontal information portals are the most visited sites. Whether they reach their aim of facilitating users’ access to diverse resources and to which extent, remains an open question. In this paper, this issue is addressed by two case studies conducted for summative assessment of Croatian horizontal information portals. Approach assembled expert inspection and user assessment that integrated a number of empirical methods into laboratory-based testing. We report that the results of inspection method were not in agreement with the ones obtained from user test methods. Although differences of this kind have been reported elsewhere, these were not as evident as in these studies. What is very interesting and represents a main contribution of the research is that in both rounds of evaluations this outcome is very sharp and clear. This suggests that we should conduct both kinds of assessments as they seem to be complementary. Evaluation provided some general findings and know-how from the experience and we believe that many readers, both practitioners and researchers, can learn from it.     

浅谈新课改背景下如何提高课堂教学效果

随着新课程改革的不断深入,如何在新形势下提高课堂教学效果成为众多中学教师所关注的问题,文章结合笔者实际教学经验,以新课程改革为背景,以历史教学为研究对象,分析如何提高课堂教学效果。     

从政府行为的创新看温州模式的困境与对策——温州地区乐清市的经验研究

进入21世纪以来,温州模式遭遇了前所未有的发展困境,温州政府应该怎样应对这一困境?温州模式发展过程中政府行为创新与演化的历史经验又对此提供了哪些借鉴?本文以作为温州模式发祥地和典型代表的乐清市为经验研究个案,从历时性与共时性相结合的角度,为回答这一问题提供了独特的参考和建议。     

Quality flaw prediction in Spanish Wikipedia: A case of study with verifiability flaws

In this work, we present the first quality flaw prediction study for articles containing the two most frequent verifiability flaws in Spanish Wikipedia: articles which do not cite any references or sources at all (denominated Unreferenced) and articles that need additional citations for verification (so-called Refimprove). Based on the underlying characteristics of each flaw, different state-of-the-art approaches were evaluated. For articles not citing any references, a well-established rule-based approach was evaluated and interesting findings show that some of them suffer from Refimprove flaw instead. Likewise, for articles that need additional citations for verification, the well-known PU learning and one-class classification approaches were evaluated. Besides, new methods were compared and a new feature was also proposed to model this latter flaw. The results showed that new methods such as under-bagged decision trees with sum or majority voting rules, biased-SVM, and centroid-based balanced SVM, perform best in comparison with the ones previously published.     

Finding what is missing from a digital library: A case study in the Computer Science field

This article proposes a process to retrieve the URL of a document for which metadata records exist in a digital library catalog but a pointer to the full text of the document is not available. The process uses results from queries submitted to Web search engines for finding the URL of the corresponding full text or any related material. We present a comprehensive study of this process in different situations by investigating different query strategies applied to three general purpose search engines (Google, Yahoo!, MSN) and two specialized ones (Scholar and CiteSeer), considering five user scenarios. Specifically, we have conducted experiments with metadata records taken from the Brazilian Digital Library of Computing (BDBComp) and The DBLP Computer Science Bibliography (DBLP). We found that Scholar was the most effective search engine for this task in all considered scenarios and that simple strategies for combining and re-ranking results from Scholar and Google significantly improve the retrieval quality. Moreover, we study the influence of the number of query results on the effectiveness of finding missing information as well as the coverage of the proposed scenarios.     

How to design the master data architecture: Findings from a case study at Bosch

Master data management (MDM) is a topic of increasing prominence both in the scientific and in the practitioners’ information systems (IS) community. As a prerequisite for meeting strategic business requirements, such as compliance with regulations, business integration, or integrated customer management, MDM comprises numerous activities. One of the central activities is designing and maintaining the master data architecture. Interestingly, though, the scientific community has remained almost silent with regard to the question as to how companies should proceed when designing the master data architecture. In order to shed light on this unexplored topic, the paper at hand presents the findings of a case study at Bosch Group. The case study shows that designing the master data architecture is a multidimensional task which requires balancing the interests of various organizational stakeholders, managing an array of technical opportunities, and meeting requirements of numerous master data classes. Also, the case study suggests that taking advantage of architectural design patterns may be an appropriate way to adequately address the complexity of the task.     

Emergency knowledge management and social media technologies: A case study of the 2010 Haitian earthquake

The US response to the 2010 Haiti Earthquake was a large effort coordinated by three major agencies that worked in tandem with the Government of Haiti, the United Nations, and many countries from around the globe. Managing this response effort was a complex undertaking that relied extensively on knowledge management systems (KMS). For the first time, however, US government agencies employed social media technologies such as wikis and collaborative workspaces as the main knowledge sharing mechanisms. In this research we present a case study developed through action research of how these social media technologies were used, what influences they made on knowledge sharing, reuse, and decision-making, and how knowledge was effectively (and at times ineffectively) maintained in these systems. First-hand knowledge of the response is used, offering strategies for future deployment of social media and important research questions that remain regarding social media as knowledge management systems, particularly for disaster and emergency management.     

知识服务、价值共创与创新绩效——基于扎根理论的多案例研究

知识服务是创新的关键驱动力,知识服务如何转化为创新绩效是一个重要而尚未有效解决的难题。本文运用扎根理论编码的案例研究方法,选取1家研发服务机构与4家中小制造企业之间互动案例为研究对象,研究发现:(1)知识服务的内容包括创新规划、需求管理、团队建设与流程规范四个要素;(2)价值共创的过程包括价值共识、价值共生、价值共享与价值共赢四个要素;(3)在创新领导者的推动下,知识服务的内容与价值共创的过程相互作用,共同促进知识服务转化为创新绩效。     

具有地方特色的新型职业农民培育体系探索——基于浙江嘉善县的调查分析

嘉善县通过积极探索和实践形成了具有地方特色的新型职业农民培育实践模式:进行顶层设计,建立制度规范;及时反馈,分级构建培训组织体系;区分产业特点,实行分类培训;择优认定,动态管理。从而建立了较完善的具有地方特色的新型职业农民培育体系:新型职业农民培训体系、新型职业农民培育认定体系和新型职业农民扶持政策体系。嘉善县新型职业农民培育体系的探索与实践对我国新型职业农民培育具有普遍的借鉴意义。     

中小油田服务公司技术创新特征分析——以安东石油为例

用近年以80%的速度快速发展的安东石油技术集团有限公司为例,研究中小油田服务公司技术创新特征,通过分析安东石油技术创新的历史和现状,得出安东石油技术创新的显著特点即明晰的创新战略、积极的研发投入,高效的研发组织以及国内外企业、高校的合作开发等,从而分析出安东石油年均增长80%的安东神话根源,为国内外相关石油技术服务企业提供决策参考。     

Factors influencing information security management in small- and medium-sized enterprises: A case study from Turkey

The aims of the study were to examine enterprise information security in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Bursa, Turkey and to compare the results with similar data gathered from different countries. This study was conducted through questionnaires consisting of 49 questions grouped into 9 sections. The questionnaires were delivered to 97 SMEs in Bursa, Turkey. The companies have been operating for 15.93 ± 11.67 (2-54) years. The number of PCs in the companies and their years of use were in the ranges of 53.51 ± 64.88 (2-240) and 12.47 ± 6.32 (1-30) years, respectively. According to the findings of this study, it can be speculated that when Communications and Operations Management and security policy improve, other security parameters in the companies, such as Organizational, Personnel and Physical and Environmental Securities improve as well. In addition, the results have shown that Turkish companies do not attach as much importance to information technology security as their counterpart companies from different countries do.     

从上课玩游戏到提高自己职业技能的转变——和问题学生沟通的案例分析

上课玩游戏,玩游戏屡教不改、游戏成瘾,这些已经成为各类院校一个普遍的现象,高职院校也不例外。本文就是从实际案例出发,深度剖析与总结如何切实、有效地转移学生注意力,把学生从喜欢玩游戏,自觉转移到主动学习专业知识、提高学生的职业技能当中来。     

中国创新发展的区域关联及空间溢出效应研究——基于中国经济创新转型视角的实证分析

随中国经济创新转型的大力实施及市场化改革的不断深入,当创新服务需求因转型而不断加大时,一省区极有可能因满足外部的创新服务需求而获得自身的创新发展。论文不仅使用探索性空间数据分析工具研究了1999-2010年中国各省区创新专利产出的空间分布格局与特征,并以一个表征市场潜能对地区创新发展影响的新经济地理学模型为基础,运用空间误差面板数据方法,考察了外部潜在的创新服务需求即市场潜能给地区创新发展带来的直接空间溢出效应。结果发现,中国创新发展存在随时间推移而日益加大的正向溢出性,并且市场潜能因素对中国各省区的创新发展及相互溢出具有重要影响,只不过由市场潜能所引致的创新空间溢出存在随地区间隔距离增大而减小的地理特性。